Charles, Prince of Viana (Basque: Karlos IV.a) (29 May 1421 – 23 September 1461), sometimes called Charles IV of Navarre, was the son of King John II of Aragon and Queen Blanche I of Navarre.[1]
His mother was the daughter and heiress of Charles III, King of Navarre. Both his grandfather Charles and his mother, who ruled over Navarre from 1425 to 1441, had bequeathed this kingdom to Charles, whose right had also been recognized by the Cortes; but when Blanche died in 1441 her husband John seized the kingdom to the exclusion of his son.[1]
Marriageedit
The Prince of Viana was married in Olite (Navarre) on 30 September 1439, taking as his wife Agnes of Cleves (1422–1446), the daughter of Adolph I, Duke of Cleves and Mary of Burgundy; sister of Philip III "the Good", Duke of Burgundy. Agnes died, childless, on 6 April 1448, eight years after her marriage to Charles, aged only about twenty-six. After her death, the prince took a mistress, Brianda de Vaca, and by her had an illegitimate son, born about 1449. He wished to remarry, and a possibility which was canvassed was a match with Isabella of Scotland (1426–1494), the widow of Francis I, Duke of Brittany, after he died on 18 July 1450, but this was opposed by Charles VII of France. A match was then agreed between Charles and the Infanta Catherine of Portugal (1436–1463), daughter of KingEdward I, but the marriage was delayed and had not taken place when Charles died in 1461. Charles left three illegitimate children by three different mistresses:
The ill feeling between father and son was increased when in 1447 John took for his second wife Juana Enriquez, a Castilian noblewoman (of a bastard cadet line from Castilian kings), who soon bore him a son, afterwards Ferdinand II of Aragon, and who regarded her stepson as an interloper. When Joanna began to interfere in the internal affairs of Navarre, a civil war broke out, and in 1452 Charles, although aided by King John II of Castile, was defeated and taken prisoner. Released upon promising not to take the kingly title until after his father's death, the prince, again unsuccessful in an appeal to arms, took refuge in Naples with King Alfonso V of Aragon. In 1458 Alfonso died and John became king of Aragon, while Charles was offered the crowns of Naples and Sicily. He declined these proposals, and having been reconciled with his father returned to Navarre in 1459. Aspiring to marry Isabella of Castile, he was then thrown into prison by his father, and the Catalans rose in his favor. This insurrection soon became general and John was obliged to yield. He released his son, and recognized him as perpetual governor of Catalonia, and heir to the kingdom.[1]
Death and legacyedit
Soon afterwards, however, on 23 September 1461, the prince died at Barcelona, not without a suspicion that he had been poisoned by his stepmother,[1]Joanna Enriquez.
Charles was a cultured and amiable prince, fond of music and literature. He translated Aristotle's Ethics into Aragonese, a work first published at Zaragoza in 1509, and wrote a chronicle of the kings of Navarre, Cronica de los reyes de Navarra.[1]
^ abcdeOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Charles (Prince of Viana)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 937.
^ abde Sousa, Antonio Caetano (1735). Historia genealogica da casa real portugueza [Genealogical History of the Royal House of Portugal] (in Portuguese). Vol. 2. Lisboa Occidental. p. 497.
charles, prince, viana, basque, karlos, 1421, september, 1461, sometimes, called, charles, navarre, king, john, aragon, queen, blanche, navarre, charles, ivking, navarrede, jure, onlyreign1441, 1461predecessorblanche, john, iisuccessorblanche, iicontenderjohn,. Charles Prince of Viana Basque Karlos IV a 29 May 1421 23 September 1461 sometimes called Charles IV of Navarre was the son of King John II of Aragon and Queen Blanche I of Navarre 1 Charles IVKing of Navarrede jure onlyReign1441 1461PredecessorBlanche I and John IISuccessorBlanche IIContenderJohn IIBorn29 May 1421PenafielDied23 September 1461 1461 09 23 aged 40 BarcelonaSpouseAgnes of ClevesHouseTrastamaraFatherJohn II of AragonMotherBlanche I of Navarre Contents 1 Background 2 Marriage 3 Clashes with his father 4 Death and legacy 5 Ancestry 6 References 7 External linksBackground editHis mother was the daughter and heiress of Charles III King of Navarre Both his grandfather Charles and his mother who ruled over Navarre from 1425 to 1441 had bequeathed this kingdom to Charles whose right had also been recognized by the Cortes but when Blanche died in 1441 her husband John seized the kingdom to the exclusion of his son 1 Marriage editThe Prince of Viana was married in Olite Navarre on 30 September 1439 taking as his wife Agnes of Cleves 1422 1446 the daughter of Adolph I Duke of Cleves and Mary of Burgundy sister of Philip III the Good Duke of Burgundy Agnes died childless on 6 April 1448 eight years after her marriage to Charles aged only about twenty six After her death the prince took a mistress Brianda de Vaca and by her had an illegitimate son born about 1449 He wished to remarry and a possibility which was canvassed was a match with Isabella of Scotland 1426 1494 the widow of Francis I Duke of Brittany after he died on 18 July 1450 but this was opposed by Charles VII of France A match was then agreed between Charles and the Infanta Catherine of Portugal 1436 1463 daughter of King Edward I but the marriage was delayed and had not taken place when Charles died in 1461 Charles left three illegitimate children by three different mistresses Anna Countess of Medinaceli Philip Archbishop of Palermo John Bishop of HuescaClashes with his father editThe ill feeling between father and son was increased when in 1447 John took for his second wife Juana Enriquez a Castilian noblewoman of a bastard cadet line from Castilian kings who soon bore him a son afterwards Ferdinand II of Aragon and who regarded her stepson as an interloper When Joanna began to interfere in the internal affairs of Navarre a civil war broke out and in 1452 Charles although aided by King John II of Castile was defeated and taken prisoner Released upon promising not to take the kingly title until after his father s death the prince again unsuccessful in an appeal to arms took refuge in Naples with King Alfonso V of Aragon In 1458 Alfonso died and John became king of Aragon while Charles was offered the crowns of Naples and Sicily He declined these proposals and having been reconciled with his father returned to Navarre in 1459 Aspiring to marry Isabella of Castile he was then thrown into prison by his father and the Catalans rose in his favor This insurrection soon became general and John was obliged to yield He released his son and recognized him as perpetual governor of Catalonia and heir to the kingdom 1 Death and legacy editSoon afterwards however on 23 September 1461 the prince died at Barcelona not without a suspicion that he had been poisoned by his stepmother 1 Joanna Enriquez Charles was a cultured and amiable prince fond of music and literature He translated Aristotle s Ethics into Aragonese a work first published at Zaragoza in 1509 and wrote a chronicle of the kings of Navarre Cronica de los reyes de Navarra 1 Ancestry editAncestors of Charles Prince of Viana8 John I of Castile 3 4 Ferdinand I of Aragon 2 9 Eleanor of Aragon 3 2 John II of Aragon10 Sancho Alfonso 4 5 Eleanor of Alburquerque 2 11 Beatrice of Portugal 4 1 Charles IV of Navarre12 Charles II of Navarre6 Charles III of Navarre13 Joan of Valois3 Blanche I of Navarre14 Henry II of Castile7 Eleanor of Castile15 Juana ManuelReferences edit a b c d e nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Charles Prince of Viana Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 5 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 937 a b Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 John II of Aragon Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press a b Ferdinand I King of Aragon at the Encyclopaedia Britannica a b de Sousa Antonio Caetano 1735 Historia genealogica da casa real portugueza Genealogical History of the Royal House of Portugal in Portuguese Vol 2 Lisboa Occidental p 497 External links edit El principe don Carlos de Viana by Jose Moreno Carbonero at ArteHistoria The Prince Carlos of Viana in Medieval History of NavarreCharles Prince of VianaHouse of TrastamaraBorn 29 May 1421 Died 23 September 1461Regnal titlesPreceded byBlanche I TITULAR King of Navarre1441 1461Reason for succession failure Crown withheld by John II Succeeded byBlanche IISpanish nobilityNew creation Prince of Viana1423 1441 Succeeded byEleanorVacantTitle last held byAlfonso V Prince of Girona and Count of Cervera1458 1461 Succeeded byFerdinand IIPreceded byJohn II Duke of Gandia1439 1461 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Prince of Viana amp oldid 1184005181, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
