He was born in Strasbourg, which is where he attended the gymnasium (an advanced academic secondary school). He then studied at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, where Friedrich Walchner's lectures first stimulated his interest in chemistry. Next he attended the school of commerce in Leipzig, where he studied chemistry under Otto Linné Erdmann,[1] who further developed his interest into a passion for questions of speculative chemistry.[2]
Returning home in 1834, he entered his father's white lead factory, but soon found that business was not to his liking, and after a sharp disagreement with his father in his 20th year he enlisted in a cavalry regiment.[2] In a few months military life became equally distasteful, and he purchased his discharge with the assistance of the German chemist Justus von Liebig. After a short period of living in Dresden, he went to the University of Giessen in central Germany in 1836 to study and work in Liebig's laboratory. His stay at Giessen lasted 18 months, and in 1837 he re-entered the factory. Again, however, he quarrelled with his father, and in 1838 he went to Paris with introductions from Liebig.[1]
In Paris, he attended Jean Baptiste Dumas’ lectures and worked with Auguste Cahours (1813–1891) on essential oils, especially cumin, in Michel Eugène Chevreul’s laboratory at the Jardin des Plantes, meanwhile earning a precarious living by teaching and making translations of some of Liebig’s writings. In 1841, through the influence of Dumas, he was charged with the duties of chemistry professor at the Montpellier faculty of sciences, becoming titular professor in 1844.[1]
In 1842 he annoyed his friends in Paris by the matter and manner of a paper on the classification of organic compounds. Later, he published Précis de chimie organique (1844–1845). In 1845 he and his opinions were the subject of an attack by Liebig, unjustifiable in its personalities but not altogether surprising in view of his wayward disregard of his patron’s advice. The two were reconciled in 1850, but his faculty for disagreeing with his friends did not make it easier for him to get another appointment after resigning the chair at Montpellier in 1851, especially as he was unwilling to go into the provinces.[1]
He obtained leave of absence from Montpellier in 1848 so that he could pursue without interruption his special investigations, and from that year until 1855 he resided in Paris. During that period he established an École de chimie pratique ("School for practical chemistry") for which he had great hopes. However, these hopes were disappointed, and in 1855, after refusing the offer of a chair of chemistry at the new Zürich Polytechnic in 1854, he accepted the professorships of chemistry at the Faculty of Sciences and the École Polytechnique at Strassburg, where he died the following year,[1] having just completed checking the proofs for the final volume of his Traité de chimie organique (4 vols., Paris, 1853–56),[2] his magnum opus. This latter work embodies all his ideas and his discoveries.[2]
Work
Look up gerhardtite in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Gerhardt is known for his work on reforming the notation for chemical formulas (1843–1846). He also worked on acid anhydrides, and synthesized acetylsalicylic acid, albeit in an unstable and impure form.
Gerhardt is usually linked with his contemporary, Auguste Laurent, with whom he shared a strong and influential interest in theories of chemical combination.
He died on August 19, 1856, two days short of his 40th birthday, of a sudden fever.
Notes
^ abcdeOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gerhardt, Charles Frédéric". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 768.
Charlot, Colette (July 2007). "Charles Frédéric Gerhardt at Montpellier from 1841 to 1848". Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie. 55 (354): 197–208. doi:10.3406/pharm.2007.6333. PMID 18175527.
Viel, Claude (July 2007). "The financial distress of the Charles Gerhardt's widow". Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie. 55 (354): 189–96. doi:10.3406/pharm.2007.6332. PMID 18175526.
Lafont, O (1996). "Clarification on publications concerning the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid". Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie. 43 (310): 269–73. doi:10.3406/pharm.1996.4350. PMID 11624864.
Dickerson, Jimmy (1985). "Charles Gerhardt and the Theory of Organic Combination". Journal of Chemical Education. 62 (4): 323–325. Bibcode:1985JChEd..62..323D. doi:10.1021/ed062p323.
Grimaux. M.; Gerhardt, M. C. (1900). Charles Gerhardt, sa Vie, son œuvre, sa Correspondance. Paris: Masson.
Moore, F. J. (1918). A History of Chemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill. a history of chemistry.- See Chapter 6, "Gerhardt and the Chemical Reformation - Williamson".
Further reading
Tiffeneau, Marc (1917). "Le centenaire de Charles Gerhardt: Charles Gerhardt et la Revue scientifique du Dr Quesneville". Le Moniteur Scientifique. 7: 5–42.
Tiffeneau, Marc, ed. (1918). Correspondance de Charles Gerhardt, Tome 1, Auguste Laurent et Charles Gerhardt. Paris: Masson & Cie.
charles, frédéric, gerhardt, august, 1816, august, 1856, french, chemist, born, alsace, active, paris, montpellier, native, strasbourg, born, 1816, august, 1816strasbourgdied19, august, 1856, 1856, aged, strasbourgnationalityfrenchknown, fornotation, chemical,. Charles Frederic Gerhardt 21 August 1816 19 August 1856 was a French chemist born in Alsace and active in Paris Montpellier and his native Strasbourg Charles Frederic GerhardtCharles Frederic GerhardtBorn 1816 08 21 21 August 1816StrasbourgDied19 August 1856 1856 08 19 aged 39 StrasbourgNationalityFrenchKnown forNotation for chemical formulasScientific careerFieldsChemistry Contents 1 Biography 2 Work 3 Death 4 Notes 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksBiography EditHe was born in Strasbourg which is where he attended the gymnasium an advanced academic secondary school He then studied at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology where Friedrich Walchner s lectures first stimulated his interest in chemistry Next he attended the school of commerce in Leipzig where he studied chemistry under Otto Linne Erdmann 1 who further developed his interest into a passion for questions of speculative chemistry 2 Returning home in 1834 he entered his father s white lead factory but soon found that business was not to his liking and after a sharp disagreement with his father in his 20th year he enlisted in a cavalry regiment 2 In a few months military life became equally distasteful and he purchased his discharge with the assistance of the German chemist Justus von Liebig After a short period of living in Dresden he went to the University of Giessen in central Germany in 1836 to study and work in Liebig s laboratory His stay at Giessen lasted 18 months and in 1837 he re entered the factory Again however he quarrelled with his father and in 1838 he went to Paris with introductions from Liebig 1 In Paris he attended Jean Baptiste Dumas lectures and worked with Auguste Cahours 1813 1891 on essential oils especially cumin in Michel Eugene Chevreul s laboratory at the Jardin des Plantes meanwhile earning a precarious living by teaching and making translations of some of Liebig s writings In 1841 through the influence of Dumas he was charged with the duties of chemistry professor at the Montpellier faculty of sciences becoming titular professor in 1844 1 In 1842 he annoyed his friends in Paris by the matter and manner of a paper on the classification of organic compounds Later he published Precis de chimie organique 1844 1845 In 1845 he and his opinions were the subject of an attack by Liebig unjustifiable in its personalities but not altogether surprising in view of his wayward disregard of his patron s advice The two were reconciled in 1850 but his faculty for disagreeing with his friends did not make it easier for him to get another appointment after resigning the chair at Montpellier in 1851 especially as he was unwilling to go into the provinces 1 He obtained leave of absence from Montpellier in 1848 so that he could pursue without interruption his special investigations and from that year until 1855 he resided in Paris During that period he established an Ecole de chimie pratique School for practical chemistry for which he had great hopes However these hopes were disappointed and in 1855 after refusing the offer of a chair of chemistry at the new Zurich Polytechnic in 1854 he accepted the professorships of chemistry at the Faculty of Sciences and the Ecole Polytechnique at Strassburg where he died the following year 1 having just completed checking the proofs for the final volume of his Traite de chimie organique 4 vols Paris 1853 56 2 his magnum opus This latter work embodies all his ideas and his discoveries 2 Work Edit Look up gerhardtite in Wiktionary the free dictionary Gerhardt is known for his work on reforming the notation for chemical formulas 1843 1846 He also worked on acid anhydrides and synthesized acetylsalicylic acid albeit in an unstable and impure form Gerhardt is usually linked with his contemporary Auguste Laurent with whom he shared a strong and influential interest in theories of chemical combination Rare mineral gerhardtite is named after him Death EditHe died on August 19 1856 two days short of his 40th birthday of a sudden fever Notes Edit a b c d e One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Gerhardt Charles Frederic Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 11 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 768 a b c d Gilman D C Peck H T Colby F M eds 1906 Gerhardt Karl Friedrich New International Encyclopedia 1st ed New York Dodd Mead See also EditAcetic anhydride Acetone Acetyl chloride Avogadro s law Borneol Equivalent weight Homologous series Quinoline Paracetamol Phenol Phorone Side chainReferences EditCharlot Colette July 2007 Charles Frederic Gerhardt at Montpellier from 1841 to 1848 Revue d histoire de la pharmacie 55 354 197 208 doi 10 3406 pharm 2007 6333 PMID 18175527 Viel Claude July 2007 The financial distress of the Charles Gerhardt s widow Revue d histoire de la pharmacie 55 354 189 96 doi 10 3406 pharm 2007 6332 PMID 18175526 Lafont O 1996 Clarification on publications concerning the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid Revue d histoire de la pharmacie 43 310 269 73 doi 10 3406 pharm 1996 4350 PMID 11624864 Dickerson Jimmy 1985 Charles Gerhardt and the Theory of Organic Combination Journal of Chemical Education 62 4 323 325 Bibcode 1985JChEd 62 323D doi 10 1021 ed062p323 Grimaux M Gerhardt M C 1900 Charles Gerhardt sa Vie son œuvre sa Correspondance Paris Masson Moore F J 1918 A History of Chemistry New York McGraw Hill a history of chemistry See Chapter 6 Gerhardt and the Chemical Reformation Williamson Further reading EditTiffeneau Marc 1917 Le centenaire de Charles Gerhardt Charles Gerhardt et la Revue scientifique du Dr Quesneville Le Moniteur Scientifique 7 5 42 Tiffeneau Marc ed 1918 Correspondance de Charles Gerhardt Tome 1 Auguste Laurent et Charles Gerhardt Paris Masson amp Cie Tiffeneau Marc 1921 L œuvre commune de Gerhardt et de Wurtz Revue scientifique 59 576 584 Tiffeneau Marc ed 1925 Correspondance de Charles Gerhardt Tome 2 Gerhardt et les savants francais Paris Masson amp Cie External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Gerhardt Gerhardt Karl Friedrich Encyclopedia Americana 1920 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Frederic Gerhardt amp oldid 1133069562, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
