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Charles-Étienne Gudin de La Sablonnière

January 01, 1970

Charles-Étienne César Gudin de La Sablonnière (13 February 1768 – 22 August 1812) was a French general who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.[1]

Charles-Étienne Gudin de La Sablonnière
Born(1768-02-13)13 February 1768
Montargis, Kingdom of France
Died22 August 1812(1812-08-22) (aged 44)
Smolensk, Russian Empire
Allegiance France
Years of service1782–1812
RankGeneral of Division
Commands heldInfantry
Battles/warsFrench Revolutionary Wars
Napoleonic Wars
AwardsCount of the Empire
Other workGovernor of the Palace of Fontainebleau

Biography edit

Gudin was born to a noble family in Montargis, on 13 February 1768. After studying at the military school of Brienne, in October 1782 he joined the King's Guard as a gendarme. In September 1784 he entered the Régiment d'Artois with the rank of sub-lieutenant, and between January 1791 and January 1793 was stationed in the Saint-Domingue garrison as a lieutenant.[2] Gudin was appointed to several positions as a general staff officer in the Army of the North, then of the Rhine and Moselle. He became a brigade general at the beginning of 1799 and was given a command during the Swiss campaign. The following year he took part in the battles of Stein, Stockach, Messkirch, Memmingen, Höchstädt and Neuburg. Promoted to general of division for his valor on the battlefield, on 11 July 1800 he took Füssen.[1] That winter he commanded the 2nd division in the right wing under Lecourbe at the decisive French victory at Hohenlinden.

 
Gudin's name is inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe (7th from the top on the left).

Gudin was given the command of the 3rd Division in the Grande Armée and fought in the wars of the Third Coalition and Fourth Coalition between 1805 and 1807. His 3rd Division of the III Corps was the first major formation into action at the Battle of Auerstädt and it bore the main brunt of the fighting. It suffered 40 percent casualties, one of whom was Gudin, who was seriously wounded.[3] He participated in forcing the town of Custrin to capitulate and then playing an important part at the battles of Pultusk and Eylau. A count of the First French Empire in 1808, he was named governor of the castle of Fontainebleau the following year. He then took part in several battles of the War of the Fifth Coalition: Thann, Landshut, Eckmühl, the taking of Ratisbon. He was wounded at the bloody battle of Wagram. In 1812 he was given the command of a division of the second Grande Armée.[1] He was struck by a cannonball during the Battle of Valutino, fighting against Russian troops near Smolensk in Russia. His leg was amputated but he developed gangrene and died three days after the battle.[4][5] His heart was removed to be buried in a chapel in the Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris.[6]

Recovery of remains edit

On 6 July 2019, in a park in central Smolensk, archaeologists led by French historian Pierre Malinowski[7] found a coffin and skeletal remains that bore signs of trauma consistent with the historical record of Gudin's death (one leg amputated and another one wounded).[8][6][9] The find was confirmed when DNA tests from the remains found in Russia matched those of Pierre-César Gudin, Gudin's brother, who was also a Napoleonic general.[5]

Guidin's body was subsequently returned to France, and on 13 July 2021 the French Minister of Veterans Affairs, Geneviève Darrieussecq, accompanied by a guard of honour in Napoleonic uniform, officially received his remains. The tense international situation saw the cancellation of a planned larger ceremony.[10] Gudin's remains were buried in the Hôtel des Invalides on 2 December 2021, marking the anniversary of the French victory at the Battle of Austerlitz.[11]

Family edit

Gudin married Jeanne Caroline Christine Creutzer, the sister of Brigadier-General Charles Auguste Creutzer (1780–1832).[12] His younger brother Pierre César Gudin des Bardelières [fr] (1775-1855) also followed a military career, reaching the rank of brigade general, and was made a Baron of the Empire by Napoleon in 1810.[13]

Recognition edit

His name appears on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.[1][4]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d Fierro, Palluel-Guillard & Tulard 1995, p. 821.
  2. ^ de Lacaze 1858, p. 343.
  3. ^ Chandler 1993, p. 68.
  4. ^ a b Mullié 1852, p. 33.
  5. ^ a b "Skeleton find in Russia may be Napoleonic general". BBC News. 29 August 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  6. ^ a b "Remains of one of Napoleon's 1812 generals believed found in Russia". Reuters. 9 July 2019.
  7. ^ "Mystery of Napoleon's missing general solved". BBC News. 2019-11-07. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  8. ^ Samuel, Henry (2019-11-06). "One-legged skeleton found under Russian dance floor is Napoleon's 'lost general', DNA tests confirm". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  9. ^ "Найденные в Смоленске останки могли принадлежать наполеоновскому генералу Гюдену" [The remains found in Smolensk could belong to the Napoleonic General Guden]. TASS (in Russian). 8 July 2019.
  10. ^ "France receives remains of Napoleonic general from Russia". BBC News. 13 July 2021.
  11. ^ "Tribute to General Gudin at the Hôtel National des Invalides, 2 December 2021". Fondation Napoléon. 8 December 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  12. ^ Henner 1999.
  13. ^ Chuquet 1898, p. 386.

Sources edit

 
French Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850: GUDIN (CHARLES-ETIENNE-CESAR, comte)
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Etienne Gudin de la Sablonnière.
  • Chandler, David (1993), Jena 1806: Napoleon Destroys Prussia, Osprey Military Campaign Series, vol. 20 (illustrated, reprint ed.), Osprey Publishing, p. 68, ISBN 9781855322851
  • Fierro, Alfredo; Palluel-Guillard, André; Tulard, Jean (1995), Histoire et Dictionnaire du Consulat et de l'Empire (in French), Paris: Robert Laffont, p. 821, ISBN 2-221-05858-5
  • Henner, Gérard (1999), Pour Dieu et pour le Roi: le combat pastoral et "politique" de Jean Jacques Weber (1767-1833), archiprêtre de Volmunster et de Rohrbach (in French), Confluence, ISBN 9782909228112
  • Mullié, Charles (1852). "Gudin (Charles-Etienne-Cesar), Comte" . Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850  (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie. p. 33.
  • de Lacaze, A. (1858). Nouvelle biographie générale (in French). Paris: Firmin Didot Frères.
  • Chuquet, Arthur (1898). La jeunesse de Napoléon (in French).

January 01, 1970
charles, Étienne, gudin, sablonnière, charles, Étienne, césar, gudin, sablonnière, february, 1768, august, 1812, french, general, served, during, french, revolutionary, wars, napoleonic, wars, born, 1768, february, 1768montargis, kingdom, francedied22, august,. Charles Etienne Cesar Gudin de La Sablonniere 13 February 1768 22 August 1812 was a French general who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars 1 Charles Etienne Gudin de La SablonniereBorn 1768 02 13 13 February 1768Montargis Kingdom of FranceDied22 August 1812 1812 08 22 aged 44 Smolensk Russian EmpireAllegiance FranceYears of service1782 1812RankGeneral of DivisionCommands heldInfantryBattles warsFrench Revolutionary WarsNapoleonic Wars French Invasion of Russia DOW AwardsCount of the EmpireOther workGovernor of the Palace of Fontainebleau Contents 1 Biography 2 Recovery of remains 3 Family 4 Recognition 5 References 5 1 Citations 5 2 SourcesBiography editGudin was born to a noble family in Montargis on 13 February 1768 After studying at the military school of Brienne in October 1782 he joined the King s Guard as a gendarme In September 1784 he entered the Regiment d Artois with the rank of sub lieutenant and between January 1791 and January 1793 was stationed in the Saint Domingue garrison as a lieutenant 2 Gudin was appointed to several positions as a general staff officer in the Army of the North then of the Rhine and Moselle He became a brigade general at the beginning of 1799 and was given a command during the Swiss campaign The following year he took part in the battles of Stein Stockach Messkirch Memmingen Hochstadt and Neuburg Promoted to general of division for his valor on the battlefield on 11 July 1800 he took Fussen 1 That winter he commanded the 2nd division in the right wing under Lecourbe at the decisive French victory at Hohenlinden nbsp Gudin s name is inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe 7th from the top on the left Gudin was given the command of the 3rd Division in the Grande Armee and fought in the wars of the Third Coalition and Fourth Coalition between 1805 and 1807 His 3rd Division of the III Corps was the first major formation into action at the Battle of Auerstadt and it bore the main brunt of the fighting It suffered 40 percent casualties one of whom was Gudin who was seriously wounded 3 He participated in forcing the town of Custrin to capitulate and then playing an important part at the battles of Pultusk and Eylau A count of the First French Empire in 1808 he was named governor of the castle of Fontainebleau the following year He then took part in several battles of the War of the Fifth Coalition Thann Landshut Eckmuhl the taking of Ratisbon He was wounded at the bloody battle of Wagram In 1812 he was given the command of a division of the second Grande Armee 1 He was struck by a cannonball during the Battle of Valutino fighting against Russian troops near Smolensk in Russia His leg was amputated but he developed gangrene and died three days after the battle 4 5 His heart was removed to be buried in a chapel in the Pere Lachaise Cemetery Paris 6 Recovery of remains editOn 6 July 2019 in a park in central Smolensk archaeologists led by French historian Pierre Malinowski 7 found a coffin and skeletal remains that bore signs of trauma consistent with the historical record of Gudin s death one leg amputated and another one wounded 8 6 9 The find was confirmed when DNA tests from the remains found in Russia matched those of Pierre Cesar Gudin Gudin s brother who was also a Napoleonic general 5 Guidin s body was subsequently returned to France and on 13 July 2021 the French Minister of Veterans Affairs Genevieve Darrieussecq accompanied by a guard of honour in Napoleonic uniform officially received his remains The tense international situation saw the cancellation of a planned larger ceremony 10 Gudin s remains were buried in the Hotel des Invalides on 2 December 2021 marking the anniversary of the French victory at the Battle of Austerlitz 11 Family editGudin married Jeanne Caroline Christine Creutzer the sister of Brigadier General Charles Auguste Creutzer 1780 1832 12 His younger brother Pierre Cesar Gudin des Bardelieres fr 1775 1855 also followed a military career reaching the rank of brigade general and was made a Baron of the Empire by Napoleon in 1810 13 Recognition editHis name appears on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris 1 4 References editCitations edit a b c d Fierro Palluel Guillard amp Tulard 1995 p 821 de Lacaze 1858 p 343 Chandler 1993 p 68 a b Mullie 1852 p 33 a b Skeleton find in Russia may be Napoleonic general BBC News 29 August 2019 Retrieved 7 November 2019 a b Remains of one of Napoleon s 1812 generals believed found in Russia Reuters 9 July 2019 Mystery of Napoleon s missing general solved BBC News 2019 11 07 Retrieved 2020 07 28 Samuel Henry 2019 11 06 One legged skeleton found under Russian dance floor is Napoleon s lost general DNA tests confirm The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Retrieved 2020 07 28 Najdennye v Smolenske ostanki mogli prinadlezhat napoleonovskomu generalu Gyudenu The remains found in Smolensk could belong to the Napoleonic General Guden TASS in Russian 8 July 2019 France receives remains of Napoleonic general from Russia BBC News 13 July 2021 Tribute to General Gudin at the Hotel National des Invalides 2 December 2021 Fondation Napoleon 8 December 2021 Retrieved 16 January 2023 Henner 1999 Chuquet 1898 p 386 Sources edit nbsp French Wikisource has original text related to this article Biographie des celebrites militaires des armees de terre et de mer de 1789 a 1850 GUDIN CHARLES ETIENNE CESAR comte nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Etienne Gudin de la Sablonniere Chandler David 1993 Jena 1806 Napoleon Destroys Prussia Osprey Military Campaign Series vol 20 illustrated reprint ed Osprey Publishing p 68 ISBN 9781855322851 Fierro Alfredo Palluel Guillard Andre Tulard Jean 1995 Histoire et Dictionnaire du Consulat et de l Empire in French Paris Robert Laffont p 821 ISBN 2 221 05858 5 Henner Gerard 1999 Pour Dieu et pour le Roi le combat pastoral et politique de Jean Jacques Weber 1767 1833 archipretre de Volmunster et de Rohrbach in French Confluence ISBN 9782909228112 Mullie Charles 1852 Gudin Charles Etienne Cesar Comte Biographie des celebrites militaires des armees de terre et de mer de 1789 a 1850 in French Paris Poignavant et Compagnie p 33 de Lacaze A 1858 Nouvelle biographie generale in French Paris Firmin Didot Freres Chuquet Arthur 1898 La jeunesse de Napoleon in French Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Etienne Gudin de La Sablonniere amp oldid 1204885808, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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