Othniel Charles Marsh named the family Ceratosauridae in 1884 to contain the type species, Ceratosaurus nasicornis. Since then, a number of other species have been referred to this family, mainly from the genusCeratosaurus. Currently recognized ceratosaurid species include Genyodectes serus and possibly Eoabelisaurus mefi,C. stechowi and Ostafrikasaurus are undiagnostic ceratosaurs.[2] Delcourt (2018) defined Ceratosauridae as "the most inclusive clade containing Ceratosaurus nasicornis but not Carnotaurus sastrei".[3]
Features
A historical skeletal reconstruction of Ceratosaurus.
Due to the paucity of remains of Genyodectes, it is difficult to discern possible synapomorphies of the group from autapomorphies of Ceratosaurus; e.g. Ceratosaurus is different from other ceratosaurians by the very prominent horn on its snout; Genyodectes, however, was not found with a complete skull; whether it had a horn is unknown, so it cannot establish that the horn was a shared derived feature of the group. However, due to the shared similarities between the teeth of the two genera, synapomorphies have been recognized in the teeth. These are: overlap of the second and third premaxillary alveoli in palatal view, largest crown in subadults/adults higher than six centimeters, subquadrangular mesial denticles at two-thirds of the crown in lateral teeth.[4]
There are two known types of Ceratosaurusteeth: one with longitudinal ridges and the other with veined enamel. Both types of teeth have crowns with a teardrop-shaped cross section and carinae running up the middle. The cross section of the tooth's base depends on the position of the tooth in the mouth with front teeth having less symmetric cross sections.
Environment
Being found in the Morrison and Tendaguru put the family Ceratosauridae in the presence of other large predators. In North America, it is likely that members of the family such as C. nasicornis competed with allosaurids (A. fragilis) for food, such as sauropods common to the region at the time. In Africa and Europe members also competed with other large predators for similar food sources. The presence of C. nasicornis at the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry along with the remains of several allosaurids is a good indication of just how close members of this family and other predators coexisted.
^Soto, Matías; Perea, Daniel (2008). "A ceratosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of Uruguay". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (2): 439–444. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[439:ACDTFT]2.0.CO;2.
^Rauhut, Oliver W. M. (2011). "Theropod dinosaurs from the Late Jurassic of Tendaguru (Tanzania)". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 86: 195–239.
^Delcourt (2018). "Ceratosaur palaeobiology: New insights on evolution and ecology of the southern rulers". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 9730. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28154-x. PMC6021374. PMID 29950661.
^Hendrickx, Christophe; Mateus, Octávio; Araújo, Ricardo; Choiniere, Jonah (2019-11-24). "The distribution of dental features in non-avian theropod dinosaurs: Taxonomic potential, degree of homoplasy, and major evolutionary trends". Palaeontologia Electronica. 22 (3): 1–110. doi:10.26879/820. ISSN 1094-8074.
Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs, Brooks, Britt Ph.D., Kenneth Carpenter Ph.D., Catherine A. Forster Ph.D., David D. Gillette Ph.D., Mark A. Norell, George Olshevsky, J. Michael Parrish Ph.D., David Weishampel Ph.D., Publications International 2002, pp. 34,87
Megatheropod Tooth from the Late Tithonian Middle Berriasian (Jurassic- Cretaceous transition) Galve (Aragon, NE Spain) José Ignacio Canudo, José Ignacio Ruiz-Omeñaca Marc Aurell, José Luis Barco and Gloria Cuenca-Bescos, Zaragoza
Discovering Dinosaurs in the American Museum of Natural History, Norell, Mark A., Eugene S. Gaffney, Lowell Dingus: Alfred A. Knopf 1995. pp. 110
Rauhut, O.W.M. (2004). "Provenance and anatomy of Genyodectes serus, a large-toothed ceratosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 894–902. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0894:paaogs]2.0.co;2.
January 28, 2023
ceratosauridae, extinct, family, theropod, dinosaurs, belonging, infraorder, ceratosauria, family, type, genus, ceratosaurus, first, found, jurassic, rocks, from, north, america, made, genera, ceratosaurus, found, north, america, tanzania, portugal, genyodecte. Ceratosauridae is an extinct family of theropod dinosaurs belonging to the infraorder Ceratosauria The family s type genus Ceratosaurus was first found in Jurassic rocks from North America Ceratosauridae is made up of the genera Ceratosaurus found in North America Tanzania and Portugal and Genyodectes from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina Unnamed probable ceratosaurids are known from limited material in the Middle Jurassic of Madagascar the Late Jurassic of Switzerland the Late Jurassic of Tanzania and the Late Jurassic or possibly Early Cretaceous of Uruguay 1 CeratosauridsTemporal range Late Jurassic Early Cretaceous 155 112 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Possible Early Jurassic record Holotype jaws of GenyodectesScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClade DinosauriaClade SaurischiaClade TheropodaClade NeoceratosauriaFamily CeratosauridaeMarsh 1884Type species Ceratosaurus nasicornisMarsh 1884Genera Ceratosaurus Genyodectes Ostafrikasaurus Contents 1 Classification 2 Features 3 Environment 4 Sites containing ceratosaurids 5 See also 6 ReferencesClassification EditOthniel Charles Marsh named the family Ceratosauridae in 1884 to contain the type species Ceratosaurus nasicornis Since then a number of other species have been referred to this family mainly from the genus Ceratosaurus Currently recognized ceratosaurid species include Genyodectes serus and possibly Eoabelisaurus mefi C stechowi and Ostafrikasaurus are undiagnostic ceratosaurs 2 Delcourt 2018 defined Ceratosauridae as the most inclusive clade containing Ceratosaurus nasicornis but not Carnotaurus sastrei 3 Features Edit A historical skeletal reconstruction of Ceratosaurus Due to the paucity of remains of Genyodectes it is difficult to discern possible synapomorphies of the group from autapomorphies of Ceratosaurus e g Ceratosaurus is different from other ceratosaurians by the very prominent horn on its snout Genyodectes however was not found with a complete skull whether it had a horn is unknown so it cannot establish that the horn was a shared derived feature of the group However due to the shared similarities between the teeth of the two genera synapomorphies have been recognized in the teeth These are overlap of the second and third premaxillary alveoli in palatal view largest crown in subadults adults higher than six centimeters subquadrangular mesial denticles at two thirds of the crown in lateral teeth 4 There are two known types of Ceratosaurus teeth one with longitudinal ridges and the other with veined enamel Both types of teeth have crowns with a teardrop shaped cross section and carinae running up the middle The cross section of the tooth s base depends on the position of the tooth in the mouth with front teeth having less symmetric cross sections Environment EditBeing found in the Morrison and Tendaguru put the family Ceratosauridae in the presence of other large predators In North America it is likely that members of the family such as C nasicornis competed with allosaurids A fragilis for food such as sauropods common to the region at the time In Africa and Europe members also competed with other large predators for similar food sources The presence of C nasicornis at the Cleveland Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry along with the remains of several allosaurids is a good indication of just how close members of this family and other predators coexisted Sites containing ceratosaurids EditDry Mesa Quarry part of the Morrison Formation Colorado United States Ceratosaurus Cleveland Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry part of the Morrison Formation Utah United States Ceratosaurus Tendaguru Mtwara Region Tanzania Ceratosaurus Valmitao beach Portugal Ceratosaurus Canadon Grande Chubut Province Argentina Genyodectes See also EditTimeline of ceratosaur researchReferences Edit Soto Matias Perea Daniel 2008 A ceratosaurid Dinosauria Theropoda from the Late Jurassic Early Cretaceous of Uruguay Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 2 439 444 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2008 28 439 ACDTFT 2 0 CO 2 Rauhut Oliver W M 2011 Theropod dinosaurs from the Late Jurassic of Tendaguru Tanzania Special Papers in Palaeontology 86 195 239 Delcourt 2018 Ceratosaur palaeobiology New insights on evolution and ecology of the southern rulers Scientific Reports 8 1 9730 doi 10 1038 s41598 018 28154 x PMC 6021374 PMID 29950661 Hendrickx Christophe Mateus Octavio Araujo Ricardo Choiniere Jonah 2019 11 24 The distribution of dental features in non avian theropod dinosaurs Taxonomic potential degree of homoplasy and major evolutionary trends Palaeontologia Electronica 22 3 1 110 doi 10 26879 820 ISSN 1094 8074 Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs Brooks Britt Ph D Kenneth Carpenter Ph D Catherine A Forster Ph D David D Gillette Ph D Mark A Norell George Olshevsky J Michael Parrish Ph D David Weishampel Ph D Publications International 2002 pp 34 87 Megatheropod Tooth from the Late Tithonian Middle Berriasian Jurassic Cretaceous transition Galve Aragon NE Spain Jose Ignacio Canudo Jose Ignacio Ruiz Omenaca Marc Aurell Jose Luis Barco and Gloria Cuenca Bescos Zaragoza Discovering Dinosaurs in the American Museum of Natural History Norell Mark A Eugene S Gaffney Lowell Dingus Alfred A Knopf 1995 pp 110 Rauhut O W M 2004 Provenance and anatomy of Genyodectes serus a large toothed ceratosaur Dinosauria Theropoda from Patagonia Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 4 894 902 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2004 024 0894 paaogs 2 0 co 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ceratosauridae amp oldid 1127618272, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
