Castra ad Fluvium Frigidum (Latin for 'Fortress by the Cold River'), also simply Castra (Slovene: Kastra), referred to as mutatio Castra (Castra relay station) in Itinerarium Burdigalense, was a Late-Roman fortress (castrum) which constituted the centre of Claustra Alpium Iuliarum, an Ancient Roman defensive system of walls and towers stretching from the Gail Valley (now Carinthia, Austria) to the Učka mountain range (now Croatia). On its grounds, the Late Medieval market settlement of Ajdovščina developed.
Remnants of the Ancient Roman CastraThe Vipava Valley with Ajdovščina
The fortress was built on the grounds of an Early Roman settlement next to the confluence of the Hubelj River and Lokavšček Creek in the Vipava Valley (now in southwestern Slovenia), along the road Via Gemina from Aquileia to Emona, in the early 270s.[1] It had a permanent military crew and command. In ancient sources, it is related to the Battle of Frigidus, between the army of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I and the army of Western Roman ruler Eugenius, in 394, albeit it had a peripheral role, as it was probably used only for the encampment of Eugenius's infantry.[2] It was depicted in the 5th-century register Notitia Dignitatum. It was demolished by Attila, the ruler of the Huns, in 451.[3]
The fortress in a form of an irregular polygon had a defensive wall (called in Slovene 'Boštajna') and fourteen defensive towers. Its width was c. 220 metres (720 ft), its length was c. 160 m (520 ft), and its full perimeter was c. 600 m (2,000 ft). The wall had a thickness of 3.4 m (11 ft). The square towers had a height of at least 6 m (20 ft). Seven towers and a part of the wall have been preserved. A ditch surrounded the fortress. Extensive archaeological research has been conducted at the site. In addition to the already known ruins, several urn and skeletal graves, smaller Roman baths with a caldarium, and, in September 2016, the eleventh defensive tower have been discovered.[4]
ReferencesEdit
^Osmuk, Nada (1997). "Ajdovščina - Castra. Stanje arheoloških raziskav (1994)" [Ajdovščina – Castra: The State of Archaeological Exploration (1944)]. Arheološki vestnik (in Slovenian). 48: 122.
^Vuga, Davorin. "Fluvio Frigido oziroma Mutatio Castra" (PDF) (in Slovenian). Eheritage.si. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Pavlin, Primož (2010). [The Late-Antique Fortification Castra (Ajdovščina)]. In Šmid Hribar; Mateja. Torkar; Gregor. Golež; et al. (eds.). Enciklopedija naravne in kulturne dediščine na Slovenskem (in Slovenian). DEDI. Archived from the original on 2014-04-08. Retrieved 2017-02-08.
^"Odkrili enajsti rimski stolp ajdovske Castre" [The Eleventh Roman Tower of the Ajdovščina Castra Has Been Discovered] (in Slovenian). 27 September 2016.
External linksEdit
Media related to Castra (Ajdovščina) at Wikimedia Commons
August 26, 2023
castra, fluvium, frigidum, latin, fortress, cold, river, also, simply, castra, slovene, kastra, referred, mutatio, castra, castra, relay, station, itinerarium, burdigalense, late, roman, fortress, castrum, which, constituted, centre, claustra, alpium, iuliarum. Castra ad Fluvium Frigidum Latin for Fortress by the Cold River also simply Castra Slovene Kastra referred to as mutatio Castra Castra relay station in Itinerarium Burdigalense was a Late Roman fortress castrum which constituted the centre of Claustra Alpium Iuliarum an Ancient Roman defensive system of walls and towers stretching from the Gail Valley now Carinthia Austria to the Ucka mountain range now Croatia On its grounds the Late Medieval market settlement of Ajdovscina developed Remnants of the Ancient Roman CastraThe Vipava Valley with AjdovscinaThe fortress was built on the grounds of an Early Roman settlement next to the confluence of the Hubelj River and Lokavscek Creek in the Vipava Valley now in southwestern Slovenia along the road Via Gemina from Aquileia to Emona in the early 270s 1 It had a permanent military crew and command In ancient sources it is related to the Battle of Frigidus between the army of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius I and the army of Western Roman ruler Eugenius in 394 albeit it had a peripheral role as it was probably used only for the encampment of Eugenius s infantry 2 It was depicted in the 5th century register Notitia Dignitatum It was demolished by Attila the ruler of the Huns in 451 3 The fortress in a form of an irregular polygon had a defensive wall called in Slovene Bostajna and fourteen defensive towers Its width was c 220 metres 720 ft its length was c 160 m 520 ft and its full perimeter was c 600 m 2 000 ft The wall had a thickness of 3 4 m 11 ft The square towers had a height of at least 6 m 20 ft Seven towers and a part of the wall have been preserved A ditch surrounded the fortress Extensive archaeological research has been conducted at the site In addition to the already known ruins several urn and skeletal graves smaller Roman baths with a caldarium and in September 2016 the eleventh defensive tower have been discovered 4 References Edit Osmuk Nada 1997 Ajdovscina Castra Stanje arheoloskih raziskav 1994 Ajdovscina Castra The State of Archaeological Exploration 1944 Arheoloski vestnik in Slovenian 48 122 Vuga Davorin Fluvio Frigido oziroma Mutatio Castra PDF in Slovenian Eheritage si a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Pavlin Primoz 2010 Poznoanticna utrdba Kastra Ajdovscina The Late Antique Fortification Castra Ajdovscina In Smid Hribar Mateja Torkar Gregor Golez et al eds Enciklopedija naravne in kulturne dediscine na Slovenskem in Slovenian DEDI Archived from the original on 2014 04 08 Retrieved 2017 02 08 Odkrili enajsti rimski stolp ajdovske Castre The Eleventh Roman Tower of the Ajdovscina Castra Has Been Discovered in Slovenian 27 September 2016 External links Edit Media related to Castra Ajdovscina at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Castra ad Fluvium Frigidum amp oldid 1101443291, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
