Carangidae
The Carangidae are a family of ray-finned fish that includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, runners, trevallies, and scads. It is the largest of the six families included within the order Carangiformes. Some authorities classify it as the only family within that order but molecular and anatomical studies indicate that there is a close relationship between this family and the five former Perciform families which make up the Carangiformes.[1]
| Carangidae | |
|---|---|
| Crevalle jack, Caranx hippos | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Carangiformes |
| Family: | Carangidae Rafinesque, 1815 |
| Subfamilies | |
| See text | |
They are marine fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates.[2]
The largest fish in the family, the greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili, grows up to 2 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm.
The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus, and the other jack mackerels in the genus Trachurus.[2]
Many genera have fairly extensive fossil records, particularly Caranx and Seriola, which extend into the early Paleogene (late Thanetian), and are known from whole and incomplete specimens, skeletal fragments, and otoliths. The several extinct genera include Archaeus, Pseudovomer, and Eastmanalepes.
Subfamilies and genera
The family Carangidae is subdivided into the following subfamilies and genera:[1][3]
- Subfamily Trachinotinae Gill, 1861[4]
- Genus Lichia Cuvier, 1816
- Genus Trachinotus Lacepède, 1801
- Subfamily Scomberoidinae Gill, 1890[4]
- Genus Oligoplites Gill, 1863
- Genus Parona C. Berg, 1895
- Genus Scomberoides Lacepède, 1801
- Subfamily Naucratinae Bleeker, 1859[4]
- Genus Campogramma Regan, 1903
- Genus Elagatis F.D. Bennett, 1840
- Genus Naucrates Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Seriola Bleeker, 1854
- Genus Seriolina Wakiya, 1924
- Subfamily Caranginae Rafinesque, 1815[4]
- Genus Alectis Rafinesque, 1815
- Genus Alepes Swainson, 1839
- Genus Atropus Oken, 1817
- Genus Atule D.S. Jordan & E.K. Jordan, 1922
- Genus Carangoides Bleeker, 1851
- Genus Caranx Lacepède, 1801
- Genus Chloroscombrus Girard, 1858
- Genus Decapterus Bleeker, 1851
- Genus Gnathodon Bleeker, 1850
- Genus Hemicaranx Bleeker, 1862
- Genus Megalaspis Bleeker, 1851
- Genus Pantolabus Whitley, 1931
- Genus Parastromateus Bleeker, 1864
- Genus Pseudocaranx Bleeker, 1863
- Genus Selar Bleeker, 1851
- Genus Selaroides Bleeker, 1851
- Genus Selene Lacepède, 1802
- Genus Trachurus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Ulua D.S. Jordan & Snyder, 1908
- Genus Uraspis Bleeker, 1855
See also
There are a great many fish called trevallies, most of which belong to the Carangidae. For articles on them, see All pages with titles containing Trevally.
References
- ^ a b J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 380–387. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Carangidae" in FishBase. Augustyear=2019 2006 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Carangidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- ^ a b c d Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.