The Portuguese ibex (Capra pyrenaica lusitanica) is an extinct subspecies of Iberian ibex that inhabited the north mountainous zones of Portugal, Galicia, Asturias and western Cantabria. In size and colouration it was much like the Spanish animals, though inclining towards brown rather than black markings. Its horns were strikingly different from any of the other Iberian subspecies. They were only half the length of the Pyrenean ibex (about 51 cm or 20"), but were almost twice as wide, and, consequently, much closer together at their base.
Portuguese ibex
The last and only specimen photographed, captured in Albergaria, Portugal, 20 September 1890. Details of the photo below
Differences between subsp. hispanica (top) and lusitanica (bottom)The last and only specimen photographed, captured in Albergaria, 20 September 1890. The caption reads: "The day the goat was caught, it was raining. In Albergaria, work was being done to prepare a site for the nursery. The goat came from above, from Rio do Forno, walking quietly across the dug earth. The workers, sheltered from the rain, discover it and one shouts: ― There goes a goat! Everyone goes out, screams, surrounds her, one comes to fire a shot that does not hit her. The goat, on the softened land, dug itself more with the efforts to escape, leaving one place to take shelter in another, thus allowing men to lay their hands on it, catching for the first time alive a wild goat from the Serra do Gerês, which it was also the last sight in the same mountain range. Present were the forest rangers Baltazar da Silva. José Ribeiro, José Lemos and Manuel Joaquim Ribeiro."
Until 1800, the Portuguese ibex was widespread in its range, but thereafter its decline was rapid as hunting pressure increased. Local hunters did not respect the closed hunting seasons and shot Portuguese ibexes when the herds came down to lower altitudes in May. Local people hunted it for its meat and for the bezoar stones in its stomach which were regarded as potent medicine and antidotes for poisons of all kind. The skins were used as coverlets and the horns both as ornaments and as trumpets of alpine horns to call across the narrow valleys of the north-western mountains.[citation needed]
By 1870, this ibex was a rare animal. The last herd of about a dozen animals was recorded in 1886. An old female was captured alive in September 1889 but only survived for three days. Two more females were found dead next year, victims of a Galician avalanche. The last known Portuguese ibex in Spain died in 1890, and the last known sighting was a female near Lombade Pan in the Serra do Gerês in Portugal in 1892.[citation needed]
Some scientists have pointed to factors other than human interference that may have affected the decline of the Portuguese ibex.[citation needed]Iberian wolves and golden eagles, disease from domestic herds and a disproportionate number of males may have contributed to the rapid population decline. But the last point can be debated since the bucks were a more likely target for hunters and the last recorded sightings were all of females.[citation needed]
Another subspecies, the Gredos ibex Capra pyrenaica victoriae Cabrera, 1911, was introduced in territory formerly occupied by the Portuguese ibex for hunting purposes, such as in Riaño, Province of León;[1] isolated populations of Spanish ibex also exist in Galicia and El Bierzo.[1] Around 2001 ibexes resident in the Parque Natural Baixa Limia-Serra do Xurés in the Galician-Portuguese frontier crossed the border and established themselves in the nearby Portuguese Peneda-Gerês National Park,[2] thus colonizing what had been the last spot inhabited by the Portuguese ibex. Ten years later, the new Portuguese population had increased to about 100 animals.[2]
A Portuguese ibex specimen was on display in the Bocage Museum in Lisbon until a fire destroyed it in 1978.[citation needed]
Cave art of ibexes is present in the Côa Valley in Northeastern Portugal.[3]
Sourcesedit
^ ab. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
^ abMueller, Tom (2011) Un frágil equilibrio. Parque Nacional Peneda-Gerês. National Geographic España, 21(1), pg. 61.
^Site - Vale de Cabrões: detail of the male ibex in rock 5 (Upper Paleolithic) Photo: Manuel Almeida
Almaça, C. 1992. Notes on Capra pyrenaica lusitanica Schlegel, 1872, Mammalia, Paris, 56: 121-124.
Choffat, P. 1920. Le Bouquetin du Gerez et le Bouquetin de Monte Junto. Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, Lisbonne, VIII (2) : 151-156. Cabra do Gerês. Capra lusitanica. Geologia. Paleontologia. Ossos de Capra hispanica, não de C. lusitanica.
Day, D., 1981, The Doomsday Book of Animals, Ebury Press, London.
França, C. 1908. Descrição da nova espécie, Capra lusitanica França, 1908, in: Le Professeur Barbosa du Bocage - 1823-1907. Bulletin de la Société Portugaise de Sciences Naturelles, II (1-2), pág. 144.
França, C. 1917. Le bouquetin du Gerez : Capra Lusitanica ; notes sur une espèce éteinte / Carlos França IN: Arquivos da Universidade de Lisboa: Lisboa, vol. 4, 1917, p. 19-53. Fauna - Serra do Gerez (Portugal) / Cabra Lusitana .
Maas, P. 2005. Portuguese Ibex - Capra pyrenaica lusitanica. The Extinction Website.
Perez, J.M., Granados, J.E., Soriguer, R.C., Fandos, P., Marquez, F.J., and Crampe, J.P. 2002. Distribution, status and conservation problems of the Spanish ibex, Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia: Artiodactyla). Mammal Rev. 32(1):26-39.
portuguese, ibex, capra, pyrenaica, lusitanica, extinct, subspecies, iberian, ibex, that, inhabited, north, mountainous, zones, portugal, galicia, asturias, western, cantabria, size, colouration, much, like, spanish, animals, though, inclining, towards, brown,. The Portuguese ibex Capra pyrenaica lusitanica is an extinct subspecies of Iberian ibex that inhabited the north mountainous zones of Portugal Galicia Asturias and western Cantabria In size and colouration it was much like the Spanish animals though inclining towards brown rather than black markings Its horns were strikingly different from any of the other Iberian subspecies They were only half the length of the Pyrenean ibex about 51 cm or 20 but were almost twice as wide and consequently much closer together at their base Portuguese ibexThe last and only specimen photographed captured in Albergaria Portugal 20 September 1890 Details of the photo belowConservation statusExtinct 1892 IUCN 3 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder ArtiodactylaFamily BovidaeSubfamily CaprinaeTribe CapriniGenus CapraSpecies C pyrenaicaSubspecies C p lusitanicaTrinomial name Capra pyrenaica lusitanica Schlegel 1872 Extinction edit nbsp Differences between subsp hispanica top and lusitanica bottom nbsp The last and only specimen photographed captured in Albergaria 20 September 1890 The caption reads The day the goat was caught it was raining In Albergaria work was being done to prepare a site for the nursery The goat came from above from Rio do Forno walking quietly across the dug earth The workers sheltered from the rain discover it and one shouts There goes a goat Everyone goes out screams surrounds her one comes to fire a shot that does not hit her The goat on the softened land dug itself more with the efforts to escape leaving one place to take shelter in another thus allowing men to lay their hands on it catching for the first time alive a wild goat from the Serra do Geres which it was also the last sight in the same mountain range Present were the forest rangers Baltazar da Silva Jose Ribeiro Jose Lemos and Manuel Joaquim Ribeiro Until 1800 the Portuguese ibex was widespread in its range but thereafter its decline was rapid as hunting pressure increased Local hunters did not respect the closed hunting seasons and shot Portuguese ibexes when the herds came down to lower altitudes in May Local people hunted it for its meat and for the bezoar stones in its stomach which were regarded as potent medicine and antidotes for poisons of all kind The skins were used as coverlets and the horns both as ornaments and as trumpets of alpine horns to call across the narrow valleys of the north western mountains citation needed By 1870 this ibex was a rare animal The last herd of about a dozen animals was recorded in 1886 An old female was captured alive in September 1889 but only survived for three days Two more females were found dead next year victims of a Galician avalanche The last known Portuguese ibex in Spain died in 1890 and the last known sighting was a female near Lombade Pan in the Serra do Geres in Portugal in 1892 citation needed Some scientists have pointed to factors other than human interference that may have affected the decline of the Portuguese ibex citation needed Iberian wolves and golden eagles disease from domestic herds and a disproportionate number of males may have contributed to the rapid population decline But the last point can be debated since the bucks were a more likely target for hunters and the last recorded sightings were all of females citation needed Another subspecies the Gredos ibex Capra pyrenaica victoriae Cabrera 1911 was introduced in territory formerly occupied by the Portuguese ibex for hunting purposes such as in Riano Province of Leon 1 isolated populations of Spanish ibex also exist in Galicia and El Bierzo 1 Around 2001 ibexes resident in the Parque Natural Baixa Limia Serra do Xures in the Galician Portuguese frontier crossed the border and established themselves in the nearby Portuguese Peneda Geres National Park 2 thus colonizing what had been the last spot inhabited by the Portuguese ibex Ten years later the new Portuguese population had increased to about 100 animals 2 A Portuguese ibex specimen was on display in the Bocage Museum in Lisbon until a fire destroyed it in 1978 citation needed Cave art of ibexes is present in the Coa Valley in Northeastern Portugal 3 Sources edit a b Cabra montes SierraNevada Archived from the original on June 29 2012 Retrieved June 27 2012 a b Mueller Tom 2011 Un fragil equilibrio Parque Nacional Peneda Geres National Geographic Espana 21 1 pg 61 Site Vale de Cabroes detail of the male ibex in rock 5 Upper Paleolithic Photo Manuel Almeida Almaca C 1992 Notes on Capra pyrenaica lusitanica Schlegel 1872 Mammalia Paris 56 121 124 Choffat P 1920 Le Bouquetin du Gerez et le Bouquetin de Monte Junto Bulletin de la Societe Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles Lisbonne VIII 2 151 156 Cabra do Geres Capra lusitanica Geologia Paleontologia Ossos de Capra hispanica nao de C lusitanica Day D 1981 The Doomsday Book of Animals Ebury Press London Franca C 1908 Descricao da nova especie Capra lusitanica Franca 1908 in Le Professeur Barbosa du Bocage 1823 1907 Bulletin de la Societe Portugaise de Sciences Naturelles II 1 2 pag 144 Franca C 1917 Le bouquetin du Gerez Capra Lusitanica notes sur une espece eteinte Carlos Franca IN Arquivos da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa vol 4 1917 p 19 53 Fauna Serra do Gerez Portugal Cabra Lusitana Maas P 2005 Portuguese Ibex Capra pyrenaica lusitanica The Extinction Website Perez J M Granados J E Soriguer R C Fandos P Marquez F J and Crampe J P 2002 Distribution status and conservation problems of the Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica Mammalia Artiodactyla Mammal Rev 32 1 26 39 External links editThe Sixth Extinction Portuguese Ibex Origins of Domestic Goats 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Portuguese ibex amp oldid 1111732695, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
