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Buffy-tufted marmoset

April 28, 2024

The buffy-tufted marmoset (Callithrix aurita), also known as the buffy tufted-ear marmoset or white-eared marmoset, is a New World monkey that lives in the forests on the Atlantic coast of southeast Brazil. Of all the marmosets, it has the southernmost range.[5]

Buffy-tufted marmoset[1][2]
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[4]
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Callitrichidae
Genus: Callithrix
Species:
C. aurita
Binomial name
Callithrix aurita
(É. Geoffroy, 1812)
Synonyms
  • chrysopyga Burmeister, 1854
  • coelestis Miranda Ribeiro, 1924
  • itatiayae Avila-Pires, 1959
  • petronius Miranda Ribeiro, 1924

The buffy-tufted marmoset resembles the common marmoset, but is somewhat larger. It has grey-black skin, and the most obvious differences from the common marmoset are its whitish face ("skull-like facial mask",[6]) brown crown, and shorter ear tufts.

The Buffy-tufted marmoset is a species threatened of extinction due to the high level of deforestation in the Atlantic Forest.

Distribution edit

The buffy-tufted marmoset is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil, occurring in ombrophilous and semideciduous forests in the Serras do Mar and Mantiqueira in the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro, and extending to the North of Rio Doce in Minas Gerais.[7] They forage and travel in the lower canopy and dense understorey vegetation, typically found between 6 and 9 meters above the ground. Alongside C. flaviceps, they are the species inhabiting areas with the most extreme climatic conditions.[8]

It occurs in perennial, semideciduous, secondary, mixed montane forests, interspersed with stands of bamboo at altitudes ranging from 80 to 1200 meters.[9][10]

Morphology edit

It has an overall black coloration, but they can also be found with reddish spots or speckled with red, without presenting a general pattern of stripes. Moreover, its reddish spots provide the characteristic golden hue that gave rise to the species' name "aurita". Its forehead is white, with the sides of the face being black, sometimes speckled with red. They have short (20 to 50 mm), white intra-auricular tufts that can vary to a brownish hue. The feet are brown, and the hands are a strongly weathered brown color. The tail is black with white rings.[11]

It is probably the largest species in the Callithrix genus, weighing 400-450 g and with a body length of 19-25 cm and a tail length of 27-35 cm.[12]

Ecology edit

It is diurnal and arboreal, living almost all its life in the trees in groups that usually consist of 4 to 8 individuals, although it's possible to find groups of 11 individuals, with only one reproductive pair of male and female, with a dominant female.[8][13] The offspring, always twins, are born after a gestation period of 144 days and are carried by the parents in the first weeks of life. Older siblings assist in caring for the offspring. When they reach adulthood, they migrate to other groups to form new pairs.[14][15] Their activity period is reduced during hot-dry times. During the rainy season - 6:30-19:00 / dry season - 7:30-16:30. Their resting sites are associated with dense vegetation.[8]

They feed on resins and other plant secretions, as well as plant material itself, such as fruits and tree gum. During dry periods, they adapt their diet to include animal matter, such as lepidoptera larvae, orthopterans, cockroaches, spiders, harvestmen, snakes, lizards, small frogs and bird eggs.[16] Studies also show that this species can feed on bamboo fungi.[3]

It can establish sympatry with other species like those of the genus Cebus and Callicebus, but there are no records of sympatry with other forms of Callithrix.[17]

Conservation edit

This species is present on the list of endangered species in the mentioned states where it occurs,[18][19][failed verification][20] as well as on the brazilian[21] and global lists.[3] Its restricted distribution, habitat destruction, population decline, competition with other species, and hybridization due to the introduction of invasive exotic species (Callithrix jacchus and C. penicillata) are among the main threats.[3]

References edit

  1. ^ Groves CP (2005). Wilson DE, Reeder DM (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 130. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB (eds.). South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.
  3. ^ a b c d de Melo, F.R., Port-Carvalho, M., Pereira, D.G., Ruiz-Miranda, C.R., Ferraz, D.S., Bicca-Marques, J.C., Jerusalinsky, L., Oliveira, L.C., Valença-Montenegro, M.M., Valle, R.R., da Cunha, R.G.T., Mittermeier, R.A. (2021). "Callithrix aurita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3570A191700629. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3570A191700629.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  4. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  5. ^ Rylands AB, Coimbra-Filho AF, Mittermeier RA (1993-06-10). "Systematics, geographic distribution, and some notes on the conservation status of the Callitrichidae". Marmosets and Tamarins. Oxford University Press. pp. 11–77. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198540229.003.0002. ISBN 978-0-19-854022-9.
  6. ^ Coimbra-Filho AF, Mittermeier RA, Rylands AB, Mendes SL, Kierulff MC, Pinto LP (2006). "The Taxonomic Status of Wied's Black-tufted-ear Marmoset, Callithrix kuhlii (Callitrichidae, Primates)". Primate Conservation. 21: 1–24. doi:10.1896/0898-6207.21.1.1. S2CID 51681917.
  7. ^ Mittermeier RA, Coimbra-Filho AF, Constable ID, Rylands AB, Valle C (January 1982). "Conservation of primates in the Atlantic forest region of eastern Brazil". International Zoo Yearbook. 22 (1): 2–17. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1982.tb02004.x. ISSN 0074-9664.
  8. ^ a b c Ferrari SF, Kátia H, Corrêa M, Coutinho PE (1996). "Ecology of the "Southern" Marmosets (Callithrix aurita and Callithrix flaviceps)". In Norconk MA, Rosenberger AL, Garber PA (eds.). Adaptive Radiations of Neotropical Primates. Boston, MA: Springer US. pp. 157–171. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8770-9_9. ISBN 978-1-4419-8770-9. Retrieved 2023-11-28.
  9. ^ Brandão LD, Develey PF (1998). "Distribution and conservation of the buffy tufted-ear marmoset, Callithrix aurita, in lowland coastal atlantic forest, southeast Brazil". Neotropical Primates. 6 (3): 86-88. doi:10.62015/np.1998.v6.402.
  10. ^ Corrêa HK, Coutinho PE (April 1997). "Fatal attack of a pit viper,Bothrops jararaca, on an infant buffy-tufted ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita)". Primates. 38 (2): 215–217. doi:10.1007/bf02382010. ISSN 0032-8332. S2CID 20234237.
  11. ^ "Handbook of the Mammals of the World - Volume 3". Lynx Nature Books. 2019-07-29. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
  12. ^ Malukiewicz J, Boere V, de Oliveira MA, D'arc M, Ferreira JV, French J, Housman G, de Souza CI, Jerusalinsky L, R de Melo F, M Valença-Montenegro M, Moreira SB, de Oliveira E Silva I, Pacheco FS, Rogers J (2020-12-31). "An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research". ILAR Journal. 61 (2–3): 110–138. doi:10.1093/ilar/ilab027. ISSN 1930-6180. PMID 34933341.
  13. ^ Muskin A (January 1984). "Field notes and geographic distribution of Callithrix aurita in Eastern Brazil". American Journal of Primatology. 7 (4): 377–380. doi:10.1002/ajp.1350070406. ISSN 0275-2565. PMID 32106636. S2CID 84555471.
  14. ^ Mf S (1988). "The marmosets, genus callithrix". Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates: 131–222.
  15. ^ Ross CN, Fite JE, Jensen H, French JA (February 2007). "Demographic review of a captive colony of callitrichids (Callithrix kuhlii)". American Journal of Primatology. 69 (2): 234–240. doi:10.1002/ajp.20367. ISSN 0275-2565. PMC 2980351. PMID 17177315.
  16. ^ Martins MM, Setz EZ (2000-06-01). "Diet of Buffy Tufted-Eared Marmosets (Callithrix aurita) in a Forest Fragment in Southeastern Brazil". International Journal of Primatology. 21 (3): 467–476. doi:10.1023/A:1005491903220. ISSN 1573-8604. S2CID 1471465.
  17. ^ Densidade, genética e saúde populacional como ferramentas para propor um plano de controle e erradicação de invasão biológica: o caso de Callithrix aurita (Primates) no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, RJ, Brasil (Thesis).
  18. ^ https://institutolife.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Lista-da-Fauna-Ameacada-de-Extincao-RJ.pdf
  19. ^ http://www.al.sp.gov.br/leis/legislacao-do-estado/
  20. ^ "DELIBERAÇÃO NORMATIVA COPAM Nº 147, DE 30 DE ABRIL DE 2010" (PDF). www.siam.mg.gov.br. Retrieved 2023-12-01.
  21. ^ https://www.ibama.gov.br/sophia/cnia/legislacao/MMA/PT0444-171214.pdf
 
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April 28, 2024
buffy, tufted, marmoset, buffy, tufted, marmoset, callithrix, aurita, also, known, buffy, tufted, marmoset, white, eared, marmoset, world, monkey, that, lives, forests, atlantic, coast, southeast, brazil, marmosets, southernmost, range, conservation, status, e. The buffy tufted marmoset Callithrix aurita also known as the buffy tufted ear marmoset or white eared marmoset is a New World monkey that lives in the forests on the Atlantic coast of southeast Brazil Of all the marmosets it has the southernmost range 5 Buffy tufted marmoset 1 2 Conservation status Endangered IUCN 3 1 3 CITES Appendix I CITES 4 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Suborder Haplorhini Infraorder Simiiformes Family Callitrichidae Genus Callithrix Species C aurita Binomial name Callithrix aurita E Geoffroy 1812 Synonyms chrysopyga Burmeister 1854 coelestis Miranda Ribeiro 1924 itatiayae Avila Pires 1959 petronius Miranda Ribeiro 1924 The buffy tufted marmoset resembles the common marmoset but is somewhat larger It has grey black skin and the most obvious differences from the common marmoset are its whitish face skull like facial mask 6 brown crown and shorter ear tufts The Buffy tufted marmoset is a species threatened of extinction due to the high level of deforestation in the Atlantic Forest Contents 1 Distribution 2 Morphology 3 Ecology 4 Conservation 5 ReferencesDistribution editThe buffy tufted marmoset is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil occurring in ombrophilous and semideciduous forests in the Serras do Mar and Mantiqueira in the states of Minas Gerais Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and extending to the North of Rio Doce in Minas Gerais 7 They forage and travel in the lower canopy and dense understorey vegetation typically found between 6 and 9 meters above the ground Alongside C flaviceps they are the species inhabiting areas with the most extreme climatic conditions 8 It occurs in perennial semideciduous secondary mixed montane forests interspersed with stands of bamboo at altitudes ranging from 80 to 1200 meters 9 10 Morphology editIt has an overall black coloration but they can also be found with reddish spots or speckled with red without presenting a general pattern of stripes Moreover its reddish spots provide the characteristic golden hue that gave rise to the species name aurita Its forehead is white with the sides of the face being black sometimes speckled with red They have short 20 to 50 mm white intra auricular tufts that can vary to a brownish hue The feet are brown and the hands are a strongly weathered brown color The tail is black with white rings 11 It is probably the largest species in the Callithrix genus weighing 400 450 g and with a body length of 19 25 cm and a tail length of 27 35 cm 12 Ecology editIt is diurnal and arboreal living almost all its life in the trees in groups that usually consist of 4 to 8 individuals although it s possible to find groups of 11 individuals with only one reproductive pair of male and female with a dominant female 8 13 The offspring always twins are born after a gestation period of 144 days and are carried by the parents in the first weeks of life Older siblings assist in caring for the offspring When they reach adulthood they migrate to other groups to form new pairs 14 15 Their activity period is reduced during hot dry times During the rainy season 6 30 19 00 dry season 7 30 16 30 Their resting sites are associated with dense vegetation 8 They feed on resins and other plant secretions as well as plant material itself such as fruits and tree gum During dry periods they adapt their diet to include animal matter such as lepidoptera larvae orthopterans cockroaches spiders harvestmen snakes lizards small frogs and bird eggs 16 Studies also show that this species can feed on bamboo fungi 3 It can establish sympatry with other species like those of the genus Cebus and Callicebus but there are no records of sympatry with other forms of Callithrix 17 Conservation editThis species is present on the list of endangered species in the mentioned states where it occurs 18 19 failed verification 20 as well as on the brazilian 21 and global lists 3 Its restricted distribution habitat destruction population decline competition with other species and hybridization due to the introduction of invasive exotic species Callithrix jacchus and C penicillata are among the main threats 3 References edit Groves CP 2005 Wilson DE Reeder DM eds Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press p 130 ISBN 0 801 88221 4 OCLC 62265494 Rylands AB Mittermeier RA 2009 The Diversity of the New World Primates Platyrrhini In Garber PA Estrada A Bicca Marques JC Heymann EW Strier KB eds South American Primates Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior Ecology and Conservation Springer pp 23 54 ISBN 978 0 387 78704 6 a b c d de Melo F R Port Carvalho M Pereira D G Ruiz Miranda C R Ferraz D S Bicca Marques J C Jerusalinsky L Oliveira L C Valenca Montenegro M M Valle R R da Cunha R G T Mittermeier R A 2021 Callithrix aurita IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021 e T3570A191700629 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2021 1 RLTS T3570A191700629 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 Rylands AB Coimbra Filho AF Mittermeier RA 1993 06 10 Systematics geographic distribution and some notes on the conservation status of the Callitrichidae Marmosets and Tamarins Oxford University Press pp 11 77 doi 10 1093 oso 9780198540229 003 0002 ISBN 978 0 19 854022 9 Coimbra Filho AF Mittermeier RA Rylands AB Mendes SL Kierulff MC Pinto LP 2006 The Taxonomic Status of Wied s Black tufted ear Marmoset Callithrix kuhlii Callitrichidae Primates Primate Conservation 21 1 24 doi 10 1896 0898 6207 21 1 1 S2CID 51681917 Mittermeier RA Coimbra Filho AF Constable ID Rylands AB Valle C January 1982 Conservation of primates in the Atlantic forest region of eastern Brazil International Zoo Yearbook 22 1 2 17 doi 10 1111 j 1748 1090 1982 tb02004 x ISSN 0074 9664 a b c Ferrari SF Katia H Correa M Coutinho PE 1996 Ecology of the Southern Marmosets Callithrix aurita and Callithrix flaviceps In Norconk MA Rosenberger AL Garber PA eds Adaptive Radiations of Neotropical Primates Boston MA Springer US pp 157 171 doi 10 1007 978 1 4419 8770 9 9 ISBN 978 1 4419 8770 9 Retrieved 2023 11 28 Brandao LD Develey PF 1998 Distribution and conservation of the buffy tufted ear marmoset Callithrix aurita in lowland coastal atlantic forest southeast Brazil Neotropical Primates 6 3 86 88 doi 10 62015 np 1998 v6 402 Correa HK Coutinho PE April 1997 Fatal attack of a pit viper Bothrops jararaca on an infant buffy tufted ear marmoset Callithrix aurita Primates 38 2 215 217 doi 10 1007 bf02382010 ISSN 0032 8332 S2CID 20234237 Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 3 Lynx Nature Books 2019 07 29 Retrieved 2023 11 29 Malukiewicz J Boere V de Oliveira MA D arc M Ferreira JV French J Housman G de Souza CI Jerusalinsky L R de Melo F M Valenca Montenegro M Moreira SB de Oliveira E Silva I Pacheco FS Rogers J 2020 12 31 An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research ILAR Journal 61 2 3 110 138 doi 10 1093 ilar ilab027 ISSN 1930 6180 PMID 34933341 Muskin A January 1984 Field notes and geographic distribution of Callithrix aurita in Eastern Brazil American Journal of Primatology 7 4 377 380 doi 10 1002 ajp 1350070406 ISSN 0275 2565 PMID 32106636 S2CID 84555471 Mf S 1988 The marmosets genus callithrix Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates 131 222 Ross CN Fite JE Jensen H French JA February 2007 Demographic review of a captive colony of callitrichids Callithrix kuhlii American Journal of Primatology 69 2 234 240 doi 10 1002 ajp 20367 ISSN 0275 2565 PMC 2980351 PMID 17177315 Martins MM Setz EZ 2000 06 01 Diet of Buffy Tufted Eared Marmosets Callithrix aurita in a Forest Fragment in Southeastern Brazil International Journal of Primatology 21 3 467 476 doi 10 1023 A 1005491903220 ISSN 1573 8604 S2CID 1471465 Densidade genetica e saude populacional como ferramentas para propor um plano de controle e erradicacao de invasao biologica o caso de Callithrix aurita Primates no Parque Nacional da Serra dos orgaos RJ Brasil Thesis https institutolife org wp content uploads 2018 11 Lista da Fauna Ameacada de Extincao RJ pdf http www al sp gov br leis legislacao do estado DELIBERACAO NORMATIVA COPAM Nº 147 DE 30 DE ABRIL DE 2010 PDF www siam mg gov br Retrieved 2023 12 01 https www ibama gov br sophia cnia legislacao MMA PT0444 171214 pdf nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Buffy tufted marmoset nbsp This New World monkey related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Buffy tufted marmoset amp oldid 1218273189, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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