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C major

May 05, 2023

C major (or the key of C) is a major scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. C major is one of the most common keys used in music. Its key signature has no flats or sharps. Its relative minor is A minor and its parallel minor is C minor.

The C major scale is:

On the piano, the C major scale can be played by playing only the white keys starting on C.

Compositions

Twenty of Joseph Haydn's 106 symphonies are in C major, making it his second most-used key, second to D major. Of the 134 symphonies mistakenly attributed to Haydn that H. C. Robbins Landon lists in his catalog, 33 are in C major, more than any other key. Before the invention of the valves, Haydn did not write trumpet and timpani parts in his symphonies, except those in C major. Landon writes that it wasn't "until 1774 that Haydn uses trumpets and timpani in a key other than C major... and then only sparingly." Most of Haydn's symphonies in C major are labelled "festive" and are of a primarily celebratory mood.[1] Wilfrid Mellers believed that Mozart's Symphony No. 41, written in 'white' C major, "represented the triumph of light".[2] (See also List of symphonies in C major.)

Many masses and settings of the Te Deum in the Classical era were in C major. Mozart and Haydn wrote most of their masses in C major.[3] Gounod (in a review of Sibelius' Third Symphony) said that "only God composes in C major". Six of his own masses are written in C.[4]

Of Franz Schubert's two symphonies in the key, the first is nicknamed the "Little C major" and the second the "Great C major".

Scott Joplin's "The Entertainer" is written in C major.

Many musicians have pointed out that every musical key conjures up specific feelings.[5] This idea is further explored in a radio program called The Signature Series. American popular songwriter Bob Dylan claimed the key of C major to "be the key of strength, but also the key of regret".[6] Sibelius's Symphony No. 7 is in C major and that key was of great importance in his previous symphonies.[7]

Notable examples

See also: List of symphonies in C major

See also

References

  1. ^ H. C. Robbins Landon, The Symphonies of Joseph Haydn. London: Universal Edition & Rockliff (1955): 227. "In the course of composing his first symphonies, the tonality of C major became indelibly impressed on Haydn's mind as the key of pomp, the key of C alto horns, trumpets and timpani, the vehicle for composing brilliant and festive music, although at least during this period [the 1760s] he did not always reserve the tonality of C major for this particular kind of symphony: Nos. 2, 7 and 9, and possibly Nos. 25 and 30 ... are C major symphonies without the psychological manifestations inherent in most of the later works in this key. For the rest, however, the C major path is astonishingly clear; it can be traced from its inception, in Nos. 20, 32 and 37, through No. 33 and the more mature Nos. 38 and 41 to its synthesis in the Maria Theresia (No. 48) and No. 56. It continues with No. 50 and proceeds through Nos. 60, 63, 69, 82 and 90, reaching its final culmination in No. 97."
  2. ^ Triumph of Light, Wilfrid Mellers (2005)
  3. ^ James Webster & Georg Feder, The New Grove Haydn. New York: Macmillan (2002): 55. "The Missa in tempora belli ... in C features the bright, trumpet-dominated sound typical of masses in this key."
  4. ^ Fanning, David (2001). "Shostakovich: The Present-Day Master of the C Major Key". Acta Musicologica. 73 (2): 101–140. doi:10.2307/932894. JSTOR 932894. This essay includes an extensive survey of classical works in C major
  5. ^ "Affective Musical Key Characteristics", Western Michigan University
  6. ^ Jonathan Cott, ed. (2017). Bob Dylan: The Essential Interviews. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 237. ISBN 978-1501173196. OCLC 975135582.
  7. ^ Philip Coad, "Sibelius" in A Guide to the Symphony, edited by Robert Layton. Oxford University Press. Sibelius's Seventh "is in C major, and a look back at the previous four symphonies [by Sibelius] will reveal how great the domination of C major has been [in his music]. It is the key of the Third, the relative major of the Fourth and the important 'neutral agent' in its Finale, the key which first forces away the tonic in the Fifth's Finale, and the principal opposition – the key of the brass – in the Sixth. Although it is now the tonic key, C major is also strongly associated with brass in the Seventh Symphony."

Further reading

External links

  •   Media related to C major at Wikimedia Commons

May 05, 2023
major, major, scale, based, consisting, pitches, most, common, keys, used, music, signature, flats, sharps, relative, minor, minor, parallel, minor, minor, relative, keya, minorparallel, keyc, minordominant, keyg, majorsubdominantf, majorcomponent, pitchesc, s. C major or the key of C is a major scale based on C consisting of the pitches C D E F G A and B C major is one of the most common keys used in music Its key signature has no flats or sharps Its relative minor is A minor and its parallel minor is C minor C majorRelative keyA minorParallel keyC minorDominant keyG majorSubdominantF majorComponent pitchesC D E F G A B source source The C major scale is source Audio playback is not supported in your browser You can download the audio file On the piano the C major scale can be played by playing only the white keys starting on C Contents 1 Compositions 1 1 Notable examples 2 See also 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksCompositions EditTwenty of Joseph Haydn s 106 symphonies are in C major making it his second most used key second to D major Of the 134 symphonies mistakenly attributed to Haydn that H C Robbins Landon lists in his catalog 33 are in C major more than any other key Before the invention of the valves Haydn did not write trumpet and timpani parts in his symphonies except those in C major Landon writes that it wasn t until 1774 that Haydn uses trumpets and timpani in a key other than C major and then only sparingly Most of Haydn s symphonies in C major are labelled festive and are of a primarily celebratory mood 1 Wilfrid Mellers believed that Mozart s Symphony No 41 written in white C major represented the triumph of light 2 See also List of symphonies in C major Many masses and settings of the Te Deum in the Classical era were in C major Mozart and Haydn wrote most of their masses in C major 3 Gounod in a review of Sibelius Third Symphony said that only God composes in C major Six of his own masses are written in C 4 Of Franz Schubert s two symphonies in the key the first is nicknamed the Little C major and the second the Great C major Scott Joplin s The Entertainer is written in C major Many musicians have pointed out that every musical key conjures up specific feelings 5 This idea is further explored in a radio program called The Signature Series American popular songwriter Bob Dylan claimed the key of C major to be the key of strength but also the key of regret 6 Sibelius s Symphony No 7 is in C major and that key was of great importance in his previous symphonies 7 Notable examples Edit See also List of symphonies in C major Johann Sebastian Bach Toccata Adagio and Fugue in C major BWV 564 Prelude and Fugue in C major BWV 846 Cello Suite No 3 BWV 1009 Joseph Haydn Cello Concerto No 1 1761 65 Symphony No 7 Le Midi 1761 Symphony No 60 Il distratto 1774 Symphony No 82 The Bear 1786 String Quartet No 32 The Bird 1781 String Quartet No 62 Emperor 1797 98 Mass No 10 Missa in tempore belli 1796 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 12 Variations in C major on the French song Ah vous dirai je Maman KV 265 Concerto for flute and harp KV 299 297c Piano Concerto No 8 KV 246 Lutzow Piano Concerto No 13 KV 415 Piano Concerto No 21 KV 467 Piano Concerto No 25 KV 503 Piano Sonata No 1 KV 279 Piano Sonata No 7 KV 309 Piano Sonata No 10 KV 330 Piano Sonata No 16 KV 545 String Quartet No 19 KV 465 Dissonance Symphony No 16 KV 128 Symphony No 22 KV 162 Symphony No 28 KV 200 Symphony No 34 KV 338 Symphony No 36 KV 425 Linz Symphony No 41 KV 551 Jupiter Ludwig van Beethoven Piano Sonata No 3 Op 2 No 3 Piano Concerto No 1 Op 15 Symphony No 1 Op 21 Rondo Op 51 No 1 Piano Sonata No 21 Op 53 Waldstein Triple Concerto for violin cello and piano in C major Op 56 1803 String Quartet No 7 Op 59 1 Rasumovsky Mass in C major Op 86 Franz Schubert Wanderer Fantasy Op 15 D 760 Symphony No 6 Little Symphony No 9 D 944 Great String Quintet in C major D 956 Felix Mendelssohn Wedding March from A Midsummer Night s Dream Frederic Chopin Introduction and Polonaise brillante for cello and piano Op 3 Etude Op 10 No 1 Waterfall Etude Op 10 No 7 Toccata Mazurka Op 67 No 3 Robert Schumann Toccata Op 7 Fantasie in C Op 17 Arabeske Op 18 Symphony No 2 Op 61 Georges Bizet Symphony in C Jean Sibelius Symphony No 3 Op 52 1907 Symphony No 7 Op 105 1924 Maurice Ravel Bolero Igor Stravinsky Symphony in C 1940 Sergei Prokofiev Piano Concerto No 3 Op 26 1921 Symphony No 4 original version Op 47 1930 Symphony No 4 revised version Op 112 1947 Dmitri Shostakovich Symphony No 7 Op 60 Leningrad Terry Riley In C Duke Ellington C Jam Blues See also EditKey music Major and minor Chord music Chord names and symbols popular music References Edit H C Robbins Landon The Symphonies of Joseph Haydn London Universal Edition amp Rockliff 1955 227 In the course of composing his first symphonies the tonality of C major became indelibly impressed on Haydn s mind as the key of pomp the key of C alto horns trumpets and timpani the vehicle for composing brilliant and festive music although at least during this period the 1760s he did not always reserve the tonality of C major for this particular kind of symphony Nos 2 7 and 9 and possibly Nos 25 and 30 are C major symphonies without the psychological manifestations inherent in most of the later works in this key For the rest however the C major path is astonishingly clear it can be traced from its inception in Nos 20 32 and 37 through No 33 and the more mature Nos 38 and 41 to its synthesis in the Maria Theresia No 48 and No 56 It continues with No 50 and proceeds through Nos 60 63 69 82 and 90 reaching its final culmination in No 97 Triumph of Light Wilfrid Mellers 2005 James Webster amp Georg Feder The New Grove Haydn New York Macmillan 2002 55 The Missa in tempora belli in C features the bright trumpet dominated sound typical of masses in this key Fanning David 2001 Shostakovich The Present Day Master of the C Major Key Acta Musicologica 73 2 101 140 doi 10 2307 932894 JSTOR 932894 This essay includes an extensive survey of classical works in C major Affective Musical Key Characteristics Western Michigan University Jonathan Cott ed 2017 Bob Dylan The Essential Interviews New York Simon amp Schuster p 237 ISBN 978 1501173196 OCLC 975135582 Philip Coad Sibelius in A Guide to the Symphony edited by Robert Layton Oxford University Press Sibelius s Seventh is in C major and a look back at the previous four symphonies by Sibelius will reveal how great the domination of C major has been in his music It is the key of the Third the relative major of the Fourth and the important neutral agent in its Finale the key which first forces away the tonic in the Fifth s Finale and the principal opposition the key of the brass in the Sixth Although it is now the tonic key C major is also strongly associated with brass in the Seventh Symphony Further reading EditDavid Wyn Jones The Beginning of the Symphony in A Guide to the Symphony edited by Robert Layton Oxford University Press H C Robbins Landon Haydn Symphonies BBC Music Guides 1986 1966 ISBN 9780563205159 OCLC 317594202External links Edit Media related to C major at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title C major amp oldid 1150208692, wikipedia, 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