Carl Adolph Agardh
Carl Adolph Agardh (23 January 1785 in Båstad, Sweden – 28 January 1859 in Karlstad) was a Swedish botanist specializing in algae, who was eventually appointed bishop of Karlstad.
Carl Adolph Agardh | |
|---|---|
| Born | 23 January 1785 |
| Died | 12 January 1859 (aged 73) Karlstad, Sweden |
| Known for | Biological Classification, Systema algarum |
| Awards | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Botany, Church (bishop) |
| Institutions | Lund University, Karlstad |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | C. Agardh |
Biography edit
In 1807 he was appointed teacher of mathematics at Lund University, in 1812 appointed professor of botany and natural sciences,[1] and was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1817, and of the Swedish Academy in 1831.
He was ordained a clergyman in 1816, received two parishes as prebend, and was a representative in the clerical chamber of the Swedish Parliament on several occasions from 1817. He was rector magnificus of Lund University 1819-1820 and was appointed bishop of Karlstad in 1835, where he remained until his death.[2] He was the father of Jacob Georg Agardh, also a botanist.[1]
System of plant classification edit
The Classes Plantarum[3] has nine primary divisions into which his classes and natural orders are grouped. These are, with class numbers;
- Acotyledonae 1–3 (Algae, Lichenes, Fungi)
- Pseudocotyledonae 4–7 (Muscoideae, Tetradidymae, Filices, Equisetaceae)
- Cryptocotyledonae 8–12 (Macropodae, Spadicinae, Glumiflorae, Liliiflorae, Gynandrae)
- Phanerocotyledonae incompletae 13–16 (Micranthae, Oleraceae, Epichlamydeae, Columnantherae)
- Phanerocotyledonae completae, hypogynae, monopetalae 17 (Tubiflorae)
- Phanerocotyledonae completae, hypogynae, polypetalae 18–22 (Centrisporae, Brevistylae, Polycarpellae, Valvisporae, Columniferae)
- Phanerocotyledonae completae, discigynae, monopetalae 23 (Tetraspermae)
- Phanerocotyledonae completae, discigynae, polypetalae 24–26 (Gynobaseae, Trihilitae, Hypodicarpae)
- Phanerocotyledonae completae, porigynae 27–33 (Subaggregatae, Aridifoliae, Succulentae, Calycanthemae, Peponiferae, Icosandrae, Leguminosae)
Each class then contains a number of orders (families). For instance, Liliiflorae contains 11 orders;
- Liliiflorae
- 43 Asparageae
- 44 Asphodeleae
- 45 Coronariae[a]
- 46 Veratreae
- 47 Commelineae
- 48 Pontedereae
- 49 Dioscorinae
- 50 Haemodoreae
- 51 Irideae
- 52 Narcisseae
- 53 Bromeliaceae
Publications edit
He devoted considerable attention to political economy and as "a leading liberal", he "succeeded in improving and raising the standards of education in Sweden".[4] He also wrote on theological and other subjects, but his reputation chiefly rests on his botanical works, especially Systema algarum, Species algarum rite cognitae and Classes plantarum[3] on biological classification, and Icones Algarum (1824, 1820–28, and 1828–35). The greatest part of his Manual of Botany (2 vols., Malmoe, 1829–32) has been translated into German.[1]
List of selected publications edit
- Agardh, Carl Adolph (1825). Classes Plantarum. Lund: Literis Berlingianis.
- — (1817–1826). Aphorismi botanici. Lund: Literis Berlingianis.
- Algarum decas prima [-quarta] /auctore Carolo Ad. Agardh
- Dispositio algarum Sueciae /cuctore Carolo Adolfo Agardh
- Caroli A. Agardh Synopsis algarum Scandinaviae : adjecta dispositione universali algarum
- Adnotationes botanicae (with Swartz, Olof, Sprengel, Kurt Polycarp Joachim, and Wikström, Joh. Em)
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ a b c Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). . The American Cyclopædia.
- ^ Eriksson 1970.
- ^ a b Agardh 1825.
- ^ Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Karl Adolph Agardh". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. C. Agardh.
Bibliography edit
- Eriksson, Gunnar (1970). "Agardh, Carl Adolph". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 69–70. ISBN 0-684-10114-9.
- Short biography in French