The Anglo-Burmese Wars were a clash between two expanding empires, the British Empire against the Konbaung Dynasty that became British India‘s most expensive and longest war, costing 5–13 million pounds sterling (£400 million – £1.1 billion as of 2019) and spanning over 60 years. There have been three Burmese Wars or Anglo-Burmese Wars:
The expansion of Burma (present-day Myanmar) under the Konbaung dynasty had consequences along its frontiers. As those frontiers moved ever closer to the BritishEast India Company and later British India, there were problems both with refugees and military operations spilling over ill-defined borders.[1]
The First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826) ended in a British East India Company victory, and by the Treaty of Yandabo, Burma lost territory previously conquered in Assam, Manipur, and Arakan.[2] The British also took possession of Tenasserim with the intention to use it as a bargaining chip in future negotiations with either Burma or Siam.[3] As the century wore on, the British East India Company began to covet the resources and main part of Burma during an era of great territorial expansion.[4]
In 1852, Commodore Lambert was dispatched to Burma by Lord Dalhousie over a number of minor issues related to the previous treaty.[2] The Burmese immediately made concessions including the removal of a governor whom the British had made their casus belli. Lambert eventually provoked a naval confrontation in extremely questionable circumstances and thus started the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852, which ended in the British annexation of Pegu province,[1] renamed Lower Burma. The war resulted in a palace revolution in Burma, with King Pagan Min (1846–1853) being replaced by his half brother, Mindon Min (1853–1878).[2]
King Mindon tried to modernise the Burmese state and economy to ensure its independence, and he established a new capital at Mandalay, which he proceeded to fortify.[1][5] These efforts would eventually prove unsuccessful, however, when the British claimed that Mindon's son Thibaw Min (ruled 1878–1885) was a tyrant intending to side with the French,[6] that he had lost control of the country, thus allowing for disorder at the frontiers, and that he was reneging on a treaty signed by his father.[1] The British declared war once again in 1885, conquering the remainder of the country in the Third Anglo-Burmese War resulting in total annexation of Burma.[1][7]
^Thant Myint-U (2008). The River of Lost Footsteps (1 paperback ed.). USA: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 161–162 + photo.
Further reading
Aung, Htin. The Stricken Peacock: Anglo-Burmese Relations 1752–1948 (Springer Science & Business Media, 2013).
Bruce, George. The Burma Wars, 1824–1886 (1973).
Gupta, AshwAni. Military Lessons of Burma (2015).
Messenger, Charles, ed. Reader's Guide to Military History (2001) pp 73–74.
Pollak, Oliver B. Empires in Collision: Anglo-Burmese Relations in the Mid-Nineteenth Century (1980)
Stewart, A.T.Q. Pagoda War: Lord Dufferin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Ava, 1885-186O (1972)
Tarling, Nicholas, ed. The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, Vol. 2, Part 1: From c.1800 to the 1930s (2000) excerpt
January 31, 2023
anglo, burmese, wars, were, clash, between, expanding, empires, british, empire, against, konbaung, dynasty, that, became, british, india, most, expensive, longest, costing, million, pounds, sterling, million, billion, 2019, spanning, over, years, there, have,. The Anglo Burmese Wars were a clash between two expanding empires the British Empire against the Konbaung Dynasty that became British India s most expensive and longest war costing 5 13 million pounds sterling 400 million 1 1 billion as of 2019 and spanning over 60 years There have been three Burmese Wars or Anglo Burmese Wars First Anglo Burmese War 1824 to 1826 1 Second Anglo Burmese War 1852 to 1853 Third Anglo Burmese War 1885 Contents 1 Chronology 1 1 First Anglo Burmese War 1 2 Second Anglo Burmese War 1 3 Third Anglo Burmese War 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingChronology EditThe expansion of Burma present day Myanmar under the Konbaung dynasty had consequences along its frontiers As those frontiers moved ever closer to the British East India Company and later British India there were problems both with refugees and military operations spilling over ill defined borders 1 First Anglo Burmese War Edit Main article First Anglo Burmese War The First Anglo Burmese War 1824 1826 ended in a British East India Company victory and by the Treaty of Yandabo Burma lost territory previously conquered in Assam Manipur and Arakan 2 The British also took possession of Tenasserim with the intention to use it as a bargaining chip in future negotiations with either Burma or Siam 3 As the century wore on the British East India Company began to covet the resources and main part of Burma during an era of great territorial expansion 4 Second Anglo Burmese War Edit Main article Second Anglo Burmese War In 1852 Commodore Lambert was dispatched to Burma by Lord Dalhousie over a number of minor issues related to the previous treaty 2 The Burmese immediately made concessions including the removal of a governor whom the British had made their casus belli Lambert eventually provoked a naval confrontation in extremely questionable circumstances and thus started the Second Anglo Burmese War in 1852 which ended in the British annexation of Pegu province 1 renamed Lower Burma The war resulted in a palace revolution in Burma with King Pagan Min 1846 1853 being replaced by his half brother Mindon Min 1853 1878 2 Third Anglo Burmese War Edit Main article Third Anglo Burmese War King Mindon tried to modernise the Burmese state and economy to ensure its independence and he established a new capital at Mandalay which he proceeded to fortify 1 5 These efforts would eventually prove unsuccessful however when the British claimed that Mindon s son Thibaw Min ruled 1878 1885 was a tyrant intending to side with the French 6 that he had lost control of the country thus allowing for disorder at the frontiers and that he was reneging on a treaty signed by his father 1 The British declared war once again in 1885 conquering the remainder of the country in the Third Anglo Burmese War resulting in total annexation of Burma 1 7 See also EditBurma campaign World War II References Edit a b c d e f San Beck Org a b c Lt Gen Sir Arthur P Phayre 1967 History of Burma 2 ed London Susil Gupta pp 236 247 D G E Hall 1960 Burma PDF Hutchinson University Library pp 109 113 Archived from the original PDF on 2005 05 19 Thant Myint U 2008 The River of Lost Footsteps 1 paperback ed USA Farrar Straus and Giroux pp 113 127 German Language Institute Archived 2015 01 03 at the Wayback Machine www enotes com Thant Myint U 2008 The River of Lost Footsteps 1 paperback ed USA Farrar Straus and Giroux pp 161 162 photo Further reading EditAung Htin The Stricken Peacock Anglo Burmese Relations 1752 1948 Springer Science amp Business Media 2013 Bruce George The Burma Wars 1824 1886 1973 Gupta AshwAni Military Lessons of Burma 2015 Messenger Charles ed Reader s Guide to Military History 2001 pp 73 74 Pollak Oliver B Empires in Collision Anglo Burmese Relations in the Mid Nineteenth Century 1980 Stewart A T Q Pagoda War Lord Dufferin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Ava 1885 186O 1972 Tarling Nicholas ed The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia Vol 2 Part 1 From c 1800 to the 1930s 2000 excerpt Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anglo Burmese Wars amp oldid 1050664382, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
