Budd Schulberg
Budd Schulberg (born Seymour Wilson Schulberg, March 27, 1914 – August 5, 2009) was an American screenwriter, television producer, novelist and sports writer. He was known for his novels What Makes Sammy Run? and The Harder They Fall; his Academy Award-winning screenplay for On the Waterfront, and his screenplay for A Face in the Crowd.
Budd Schulberg | |
|---|---|
Schulberg in 1967 | |
| Born | Seymour Wilson Schulberg March 27, 1914 New York City, United States |
| Died | August 5, 2009 (aged 95) Quiogue, New York, United States |
| Occupation |
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| Period | 1937–1982 |
| Spouse | Agnes Victoria Anderson (m. 1943; div. 1964)Betsy Ann Langman (m. 1978) |
| Children | 5 |
| Parents | B. P. Schulberg Adeline Jaffe |
| Relatives | Sam Jaffe (uncle) |
Early life and education
Schulberg was raised in a Jewish family[1] the son of Hollywood film-producer B. P. Schulberg and Adeline (née Jaffe) Schulberg, who founded a talent agency taken over by her brother, agent/film producer Sam Jaffe.[2] In 1931, when Schulberg was 17, his father left the family to live with actress Sylvia Sidney.[3] His parents divorced in 1933.[2]
Schulberg attended Deerfield Academy and then went on to Dartmouth College, where he was actively involved in the Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern humor magazine and was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity.[4] In 1939, he collaborated on the screenplay for Winter Carnival, a light comedy set at Dartmouth. One of his collaborators was F. Scott Fitzgerald, who was fired because of his alcoholic binge during a visit with Schulberg to Dartmouth.[5] Dartmouth College awarded Schulberg an honorary degree in 1960.
World War II
While serving in the Navy during World War II, Schulberg was assigned to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), working with John Ford's documentary unit. Following VE Day, he was reportedly among the first American servicemen to liberate the Nazi concentration camps.[6] He was involved in gathering evidence against war criminals for the Nuremberg Trials, an assignment that included arresting documentary film maker Leni Riefenstahl at her chalet in Kitzbühel, Austria, ostensibly to have her identify the faces of Nazi war criminals in German film footage captured by the Allied troops.[7] Riefenstahl claimed she was not aware of the nature of the concentration camps. According to Schulberg, "She gave me the usual song and dance. She said: 'Of course, you know, I'm really so misunderstood. I'm not political.'"
Career
Being the son of a successful Hollywood producer gave Schulberg an insider's viewpoint on the true happenings of Hollywood, which was reflected in much of his writing.
His 1941 novel What Makes Sammy Run? allowed the public to see the harshness of Hollywood stardom via Sammy Glick's rise to power in a major Hollywood film studio. This novel was criticized by some as being self-directed anti-semitism.[8] Then a member of the Communist Party USA, Schulberg quit in protest after he was ordered by high-ranking Party member John Howard Lawson to make changes to the novel.[9]
In 1950, Schulberg published The Disenchanted, about a young screenwriter who collaborates on a screenplay about a college winter festival with a famous novelist at the nadir of his career. The novelist (who was then assumed by reviewers to be a thinly disguised portrait of Fitzgerald, who had died 10 years earlier) is portrayed as a tragic, flawed figure, with whom the young screenwriter becomes disillusioned. The novel was the tenth bestselling novel in the United States in 1950[10] and was adapted as a Broadway play in 1958, starring Jason Robards (who won a Tony Award for his performance) and George Grizzard as the character loosely based on Schulberg. In 1958, Schulberg wrote and co-produced (with his younger brother Stuart) the film Wind Across the Everglades, directed by Nicholas Ray.
Schulberg wrote the 1957 film A Face in the Crowd. Based on the short story "Your Arkansas Traveler" in his book Some Faces in the Crowd, the film starred newcomer Andy Griffith as an obscure country singer who rises to fame and becomes extraordinarily manipulative to preserve his success and power.
Schulberg encountered political controversy in 1951 when screenwriter Richard Collins, testifying to the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), named Schulberg as a former member of the Communist Party.[11] Schulberg, still resentful of the influence Communist officials tried to exert over his fiction, testified as a friendly witness and explained how Communist Party members had sought to influence the content of What Makes Sammy Run? and "named names" of other Hollywood communists.[12]
Schulberg was also a sports writer and former chief boxing correspondent for Sports Illustrated. He wrote some well-received books on boxing, including Sparring with Hemingway.[13][14] He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 2002 in recognition of his contributions to the sport.[citation needed]
In 1965, after a devastating riot had ripped apart the fabric of the Watts section of Los Angeles, Schulberg formed the Watts Writers Workshop in an attempt to ease frustrations and bring artistic training to the economically impoverished district.[citation needed]
In 1982, Schulberg wrote Moving Pictures: Memoirs of a Hollywood Prince, an autobiography covering his youth in Hollywood growing up in the 1920s and 1930s among the famous motion picture actors and producers as the son of B. P. Schulberg, head of Paramount Studios.
Personal life and death
Schulberg was married four times. In 1936, he married his first wife, actress Virginia "Jigee" Lee Ray.[15] They had one daughter, Victoria, before divorcing in 1942.[16] In 1943, he married Victoria "Vickee" Anderson. They divorced in 1964.[17] They had two children: Stephen (born 1944) and David (born 1946).[18] David was a Vietnam veteran[citation needed] who predeceased his father.[16] In 1964, he married actress Geraldine Brooks. They were married until her death in 1977;[3] they had no children.[19] In 1977, he married Betsy Ann Langman, stepdaughter of real estate developer Robert E. Simon, granddaughter of investment banker Maurice Wertheim and great-granddaughter of US ambassador Henry Morgenthau Sr.; they had two children: Benn and Jessica.[3][20][21]
His niece Sandra Schulberg[22] was an executive producer of the Academy Award-nominated film Quills. His mother, of the Ad Schulberg Agency, served as his agent until her death in 1977. His brother, Stuart Schulberg, was a movie and television producer (David Brinkley's Journal, The Today Show). His sister, Sonya Schulberg (O'Sullivan) (1918–2016), was an occasional writer (of a novel, They Cried a Little, and stories).
Budd Schulberg died on August 5, 2009, in his home in Quiogue, New York, aged 95.
Bibliography
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (January 2023) |
- What Makes Sammy Run? (1941)
- The Harder They Fall (1947)
- The Disenchanted (1950)
- Some Faces in the Crowd (1952)
- Schulberg, Budd (1953). "The breaking point". In Birmingham, Frederic A. (ed.). The girls from Esquire. London: Arthur Barker. pp. 114–120.
- On the Waterfront (1954)
- Moving Pictures: Memoirs of a Hollywood Prince (1982)
- Sparring with Hemingway (1995)
Select film and TV credits
- A Star Is Born (1937) - uncredited writer
- Nothing Sacred (1937) - uncredited writer
- On the Waterfront (1954) - story, script
- The Harder They Fall (1956) - based on his novel
- A Face in the Crowd (1957) - story, script
- Wind Across the Everglades (1958) - script, producer, uncredited director
See also
References
- ^ Hollywood Reporter: "Hollywood's Hottest $150 Million Project Is an 83-Year-Old Synagogue - Studio heads, agency chieftains and top producers have come together, "Avengers"-style, to save their iconic but decaying Wilshire Boulevard Temple -- an A-list house of worship far from the Westside" by Gary Baum May 30, 2012
- ^ a b Jewish Women's Archives: "Adeline Schulberg 1895 – 1977" retrieved September 24, 2015
- ^ a b c People: "Budd Schulberg -Exiled Long Ago for the Secrets He Did Not Keep, the Author of What Makes Sammy Run? Looks Back on Hollywood Past and Present" by Ken Gross December 18, 1989
- ^ Membership Directory, 2010, Pi Lambda Phi Inc
- ^ Tanz, Jason (7 Feb 2003). "Lost Weekend: F. Scott and Budd Go to Dartmouth". The New York Times.
- ^ Cullum, Paul (5 July 2006). "A Face in the In Crowd". LA Weekly.
- ^ Kennicott, Philip (29 Nov 2005). "Art of Justice: The Filmmakers at Nuremberg". The Washington Post.
- ^ "Budd Schulberg: The Screen Playwright as the Author," in The Cineaste Interviews, ed. Dan Georgakas and Lenny Rubenstein (Chicago: Lake View Press, 1983)
- ^ Kenneth Lloyd Billingsly (1998). Hollywood Party: How Communism Seduced the American Film Industry in the 1930s and 1940s. Rocklin, CA: Prima/ Forum
- ^ Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1950s
- ^ Joyce, Gare (June 2004). . The Walrus. Archived from the original on 2010-01-14.
- ^ Trussell, C. P. (24 May 1951). "Schulberg Tells of Red Dictation: Move To Control His Writing Cause Him to Leave Party" (PDF). The New York Times.
[Schulberg] testified voluntarily before [HUAC] today that he became a Communist during the late Nineteen Thirties but quit the party when it tried to dictate what he should write...He named John Howard Lawson, one of the Hollywood Ten, as trying to pressure him to write under party guidance, and 'named names' of Waldo Salt, Ring Lardner Jr., Lester Cole, John Bright, Paul Jarrico, Gordon Kahn, writers; Herbert Biberman, director; and Meta Reis Rosenberg, agent.
[permanent dead link] - ^ "Budd Schulberg: A Knockout Collection". Chicago Tribune. 13 August 1995. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "IN SHORT:NONFICTION". The New York Times. 9 July 1995. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ Beck, Nicholas (October 2001). Budd Schulberg: A Bio-bibliography. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810840355.
All of the Jewish communists were attracted to her, because she was a gorgeous gentile princess accessible to Jewish communists because she was a communist.
- ^ a b Weineraug, Tim (August 5, 2009). "Budd Schulberg, 'On the Waterfront' Writer, Dies at 95". The New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
- ^ Beck p. 64.
- ^ Beck p. 37.
- ^ Beck p. 62.
- ^ "Anne R. Wertheim Becomes A Bride; Daughter of Banker Married in Cos Cob Home to. Dr. Louis Langman of New York". The New York Times. February 1, 1937.
- ^ "Mrs. Wertheim to Marry Paul L. Weiner Today". Jewish Telegraph Agency. January 24, 1934.
- ^ Sandra Schulberg at IMDb
Further reading
- Beck, Nicholas. Budd Schulberg: A Bio-Bibliography Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2001.
External links
- The Papers of Budd Schulberg in Rauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College
- Budd Schulberg at IMDb
- Weiner, Tim (5 Aug 2009). "Budd Schulberg, 'On the Waterfront' Writer, Dies at 95". The New York Times.
- "Obituary: Budd Schulberg". The Daily Telegraph. 6 Aug 2009.
- Kurt Vonnegut (Winter 2001). "Budd Schulberg, The Art of Fiction No. 169". The Paris Review. Winter 2001 (160).
- Channel 4 News interview with Budd Schulberg, February 2009
- "Corruption Found at Waterfront Watchdog" The New York Times, August 12, 2009. Article mentions Schulberg and his book On the Waterfront in noting similarity to recent allegations.
- Budd Schulberg at Find a Grave