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Bruce Castle School

Bruce Castle School, at Bruce Castle, Tottenham, was a progressive school for boys established in 1827 as an extension of Rowland Hill's Hazelwood School at Edgbaston. It closed in 1891.

Bruce Castle School
Location
Bruce Castle, the north elevation

Origins edit

In 1819, Rowland Hill moved his father's Hill Top School from central Birmingham, establishing a new school called Hazelwood at Edgbaston, an affluent suburb, as an "educational refraction of Priestley's ideas".[1][2] Hazelwood soon became a model for the education of the new middle classes, aiming to give sufficient knowledge and skills to enable a boy to continue self-education throughout a life "most useful to society and most happy to himself".[3] The new school, which Hill designed himself, had both a science laboratory and a swimming pool. In his Plans for the Government and Liberal Instruction of Boys, Hill argued that kindness, instead of corporal punishment, and moral influence, rather than fear, should be to the fore in school discipline. Science should be a compulsory subject, and boys were to be self-governing. Hazelwood School gained international attention when Marc Antoine Jullien visited the school and wrote about it in the issue of Revue encyclopédique for June 1823, then sent his own son there.

Foundation edit

 
A 19th-century extension built for the school

Hazelwood so impressed Jeremy Bentham that in 1827 a branch of the school was created at Bruce Castle in Tottenham, with Rowland Hill as its head master. Unfortunately for the old school, the new one proved much more popular than the old, with boys transferring to it in large numbers, and in 1833 the original Hazelwood School closed and became a home for Francis and Caroline Clark (sister of Rowland Hill) and their large family.[4] Its educational system was continued at the new Bruce Castle School.[5]

History edit

From its beginning Rowland Hill ran the school along radical lines, inspired by his friends Richard Price, Thomas Paine, and Joseph Priestley.[6] Its principle was that the role of the schoolmaster is to instill the desire to learn, more than to impart facts. There was no corporal punishment and alleged transgressions were tried by a court of pupils. The school's curriculum included foreign languages, science and engineering.[7] At the time, most established schools focussed on Classics, and for a school to include engineering in its curriculum was almost unheard of.

In 1829 and 1830, Hill employed Edward William Brayley to lecture on physical sciences, both at Hazelwood and at Bruce Castle.[8] In the biography of one early pupil, Sir Henry Barkly (1815–1898), the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography says that "...the school's particular curriculum endowed him with a lifetime interest in science and statistics.[9]

The school taught the sons of Charles Babbage, the computing pioneer, and of many diplomats based in London, especially from the new nations of South America. One such was the son of José Rufino Echenique, a former President of Peru.[10]

 
Part of the new building. An inscription over the door reads: "Whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap".

In 1839 Rowland Hill was appointed as head of the General Post Office, where he introduce the world's first postage stamps. He left the school in the hands of his younger brother, Arthur Hill, who continued as head master until 1868, when he was succeeded by his son Birkbeck Hill. He retired in 1877, ending his family's long connection with the school. The Rev. William Almack succeeded him.

During the School's time, Tottenham's character changed. The construction of the Northern and Eastern Railway in 1840 made commuting to central London possible, and in 1872 the Great Eastern Railway opened a line from Enfield to Liverpool Street, with a station at Bruce Grove.

The Bruce Castle School was in some ways a victim of its own success. As its methods were adopted elsewhere, parents returned to traditional schools which had adapted themselves to a new age. The Rev. William Almack continued to run the school until 1891, when it was closed.[5] The Municipal Borough of Tottenham bought the house and grounds, which were opened to the public as Bruce Castle Park in June 1892. The Park is still in use, and is adjacent to Broadwater Farm.

A printing press designed by Rowland Hill and built by pupils of the school is on display at London's Science Museum.

Head masters edit

Further reading edit

  • Sketch of the System of Education, Moral and Intellectual, in practice at the Schools of Bruce Castle, Tottenham, and Hazelwood, near Birmingham (London: Baldwin and Co., 1833)

Notable Old Brucastilians edit

See also Category:People educated at Bruce Castle School

Notes edit

  1. ^ W. H. G. Armytage, 'The Lunar Society and its Contribution to Education', in University of Birmingham Historical Journal vol. 67 (1967-68)
  2. ^ P. W. J. Bartrip, 'A Thoroughly Good School: an Examination of the Hazelwood Experiment in Progressive Education' in British Journal of Educational Studies, vol. 28 (1980), pp. 46–59
  3. ^ Elie Halévy, The Growth of Philosophic Radicalism (1972) pp. 153-4
  4. ^ Brown, Robert and Martin/Clark Committee The Hatbox Letters Published by the authors, Adelaide 1999. ISBN 0-646-36207-0
  5. ^ a b The Durham research review: the research publication of the Institute of Education, University of Durham, Issues 11-15 (1960), pp. 75-79
  6. ^ Malcolm Dick, Joseph Priestley and his Influence on Education in Birmingham (2004)
  7. ^ Jean Pegram, 'From Manor House... to Museum', in Haringey History Bulletin, 28 (London: Hornsey Historical Society, 1987, ISBN 0-903481-05-7), p. 10
  8. ^ J. N. Hays, 'Brayley, Edward William (1801/2–1870)', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
  9. ^ John Benyon, 'Barkly, Sir Henry (1815–1898)', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004)
  10. ^ Carr (1908), p. 6
  11. ^ John Benyon, 'Barkly, Sir Henry (1815–1898)' in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
  12. ^ Richard Fawkes, Dion Boucicault (Ardent Media, 2011), pp. 23–25
  13. ^ Anthony Esposito, 'Carr, Joseph William Comyns (1849–1916)' in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
  14. ^ Clayton, Sir Oscar Moore Passey at rcseng.ac.uk, accessed 27 July 2011
  15. ^ Warsop, Keith (2004). The Early F.A. Cup Finals and the Southern Amateurs. Soccer Data. pp. 70–71. ISBN 1-899468-78-1.
  16. ^ 'CRESWELL, Lt-Col Hon. Frederic Hugh Page', in Who Was Who 1941–1950 (London: A. & C. Black, 1980 reprint: ISBN 0-7136-2131-1)
  17. ^ The Times, Issue 42523 dated 23 September 1920, p. 1, col. A
  18. ^ a b Joseph Comyns Carr, Some eminent Victorians: personal recollections in the world of art and letters (Duckworth & Co., 1908), pp. 3-4
  19. ^ 'SWEET, Henry MA, PhD, LLD', in Who Was Who 1897–1915 (London: A. & C. Black, 1988 reprint, ISBN 0-7136-2670-4)
  20. ^ Duncan Holley & Gary Chalk (1992). The Alphabet of the Saints. ACL & Polar Publishing. p. 351. ISBN 0-9514862-3-3.
  21. ^ Blain, Rev. Michael (2007). The Canterbury Association (1848-1852): A Study of Its Members' Connections (PDF). Christchurch: Project Canterbury. pp. 86–87. Retrieved 27 March 2013.

51°35′57.6″N 0°4′30.3″W / 51.599333°N 0.075083°W / 51.599333; -0.075083

bruce, castle, school, bruce, castle, tottenham, progressive, school, boys, established, 1827, extension, rowland, hill, hazelwood, school, edgbaston, closed, 1891, locationbruce, castle, north, elevation, contents, origins, foundation, history, head, masters,. Bruce Castle School at Bruce Castle Tottenham was a progressive school for boys established in 1827 as an extension of Rowland Hill s Hazelwood School at Edgbaston It closed in 1891 Bruce Castle SchoolLocationBruce Castle the north elevation Contents 1 Origins 2 Foundation 3 History 4 Head masters 5 Further reading 6 Notable Old Brucastilians 7 NotesOrigins editIn 1819 Rowland Hill moved his father s Hill Top School from central Birmingham establishing a new school called Hazelwood at Edgbaston an affluent suburb as an educational refraction of Priestley s ideas 1 2 Hazelwood soon became a model for the education of the new middle classes aiming to give sufficient knowledge and skills to enable a boy to continue self education throughout a life most useful to society and most happy to himself 3 The new school which Hill designed himself had both a science laboratory and a swimming pool In his Plans for the Government and Liberal Instruction of Boys Hill argued that kindness instead of corporal punishment and moral influence rather than fear should be to the fore in school discipline Science should be a compulsory subject and boys were to be self governing Hazelwood School gained international attention when Marc Antoine Jullien visited the school and wrote about it in the issue of Revue encyclopedique for June 1823 then sent his own son there Foundation edit nbsp A 19th century extension built for the schoolHazelwood so impressed Jeremy Bentham that in 1827 a branch of the school was created at Bruce Castle in Tottenham with Rowland Hill as its head master Unfortunately for the old school the new one proved much more popular than the old with boys transferring to it in large numbers and in 1833 the original Hazelwood School closed and became a home for Francis and Caroline Clark sister of Rowland Hill and their large family 4 Its educational system was continued at the new Bruce Castle School 5 History editFrom its beginning Rowland Hill ran the school along radical lines inspired by his friends Richard Price Thomas Paine and Joseph Priestley 6 Its principle was that the role of the schoolmaster is to instill the desire to learn more than to impart facts There was no corporal punishment and alleged transgressions were tried by a court of pupils The school s curriculum included foreign languages science and engineering 7 At the time most established schools focussed on Classics and for a school to include engineering in its curriculum was almost unheard of In 1829 and 1830 Hill employed Edward William Brayley to lecture on physical sciences both at Hazelwood and at Bruce Castle 8 In the biography of one early pupil Sir Henry Barkly 1815 1898 the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography says that the school s particular curriculum endowed him with a lifetime interest in science and statistics 9 The school taught the sons of Charles Babbage the computing pioneer and of many diplomats based in London especially from the new nations of South America One such was the son of Jose Rufino Echenique a former President of Peru 10 nbsp Part of the new building An inscription over the door reads Whatsoever a man soweth that shall he also reap In 1839 Rowland Hill was appointed as head of the General Post Office where he introduce the world s first postage stamps He left the school in the hands of his younger brother Arthur Hill who continued as head master until 1868 when he was succeeded by his son Birkbeck Hill He retired in 1877 ending his family s long connection with the school The Rev William Almack succeeded him During the School s time Tottenham s character changed The construction of the Northern and Eastern Railway in 1840 made commuting to central London possible and in 1872 the Great Eastern Railway opened a line from Enfield to Liverpool Street with a station at Bruce Grove The Bruce Castle School was in some ways a victim of its own success As its methods were adopted elsewhere parents returned to traditional schools which had adapted themselves to a new age The Rev William Almack continued to run the school until 1891 when it was closed 5 The Municipal Borough of Tottenham bought the house and grounds which were opened to the public as Bruce Castle Park in June 1892 The Park is still in use and is adjacent to Broadwater Farm A printing press designed by Rowland Hill and built by pupils of the school is on display at London s Science Museum Head masters edit1827 1839 Rowland Hill 1839 1868 Arthur Hill 1868 1877 Birkbeck Hill 1877 1891 Rev William AlmackFurther reading editSketch of the System of Education Moral and Intellectual in practice at the Schools of Bruce Castle Tottenham and Hazelwood near Birmingham London Baldwin and Co 1833 Notable Old Brucastilians editSee also Category People educated at Bruce Castle SchoolSir Henry Barkly 1815 1898 politician and colonial governor 11 Dion Boucicault 1820 1890 dramatist and actor 12 Sir William Bird 1855 1950 solicitor and Conservative politician J Comyns Carr 1849 1916 drama and art critic author poet playwright and theatre manager 13 Sir Oscar Clayton 1816 1892 surgeon and courtier 14 Edmund Creswell 1849 1931 played for the Royal Engineers in the 1872 FA Cup Final 15 Frederic Creswell 1866 1948 mining engineer and South African Minister of Defence 16 Herbert James Draper 1863 1920 painter 17 Wilson Fox 1831 1887 physician George Birkbeck Hill literary critic and head master of the school Joseph Moses Levy 1812 1888 newspaper editor and publisher Charles Robson 1859 1943 cricketer John Scott 1852 1860 cricketer and barrister Frederick Selous 1851 1917 explorer 18 Henry Sweet 1845 1912 philologist phonetician and grammarian 19 William Terriss 1847 1897 actor 18 James Wilson 1849 1929 New Zealand politician and farmer Herbert Ward 1873 1897 Southampton footballer and Hampshire cricketer 20 Jerningham Wakefield 1820 1879 New Zealand politician 21 Notes edit W H G Armytage The Lunar Society and its Contribution to Education in University of Birmingham Historical Journal vol 67 1967 68 P W J Bartrip A Thoroughly Good School an Examination of the Hazelwood Experiment in Progressive Education in British Journal of Educational Studies vol 28 1980 pp 46 59 Elie Halevy The Growth of Philosophic Radicalism 1972 pp 153 4 Brown Robert and Martin Clark Committee The Hatbox Letters Published by the authors Adelaide 1999 ISBN 0 646 36207 0 a b The Durham research review the research publication of the Institute of Education University of Durham Issues 11 15 1960 pp 75 79 Malcolm Dick Joseph Priestley and his Influence on Education in Birmingham 2004 Jean Pegram From Manor House to Museum in Haringey History Bulletin 28 London Hornsey Historical Society 1987 ISBN 0 903481 05 7 p 10 J N Hays Brayley Edward William 1801 2 1870 in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 John Benyon Barkly Sir Henry 1815 1898 in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004 Carr 1908 p 6 John Benyon Barkly Sir Henry 1815 1898 in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 Richard Fawkes Dion Boucicault Ardent Media 2011 pp 23 25 Anthony Esposito Carr Joseph William Comyns 1849 1916 in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 Clayton Sir Oscar Moore Passey at rcseng ac uk accessed 27 July 2011 Warsop Keith 2004 The Early F A Cup Finals and the Southern Amateurs Soccer Data pp 70 71 ISBN 1 899468 78 1 CRESWELL Lt Col Hon Frederic Hugh Page in Who Was Who 1941 1950 London A amp C Black 1980 reprint ISBN 0 7136 2131 1 The Times Issue 42523 dated 23 September 1920 p 1 col A a b Joseph Comyns Carr Some eminent Victorians personal recollections in the world of art and letters Duckworth amp Co 1908 pp 3 4 SWEET Henry MA PhD LLD in Who Was Who 1897 1915 London A amp C Black 1988 reprint ISBN 0 7136 2670 4 Duncan Holley amp Gary Chalk 1992 The Alphabet of the Saints ACL amp Polar Publishing p 351 ISBN 0 9514862 3 3 Blain Rev Michael 2007 The Canterbury Association 1848 1852 A Study of Its Members Connections PDF Christchurch Project Canterbury pp 86 87 Retrieved 27 March 2013 51 35 57 6 N 0 4 30 3 W 51 599333 N 0 075083 W 51 599333 0 075083 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bruce Castle School amp oldid 1144408785, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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