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A Research and Intervention Brigade (French: Brigade de recherche et d'intervention (BRI) (pronunciationⓘ), Investigation and Intervention Brigade or Anti-Gang Brigade) is a unit of the FrenchNational Police.[1] The first units were formed in 1964 and carried out their tasks under the command of the Paris prefecture.[2]
BRIs are specialized in serious criminal cases such as armed robbery and kidnappings. They typically attempt to catch offenders in the act after monitoring their activities, a technique that was first experimented in the 1960s by the then-new Paris BRI. They use a mix of traditional techniques and modern technology to collect and archive data about banditry. Although most of the pictures illustrating this article show uniformed officers (of the Paris BRI-PP) during a hostage-rescue public demonstration, most BRI missions are undertaken by plainclothed officers. There are now more than 15 BRI units, located in France's major cities. The first of them, the Paris BRI (or BRI-PP for Préfecture de Police), was created in 1964.
In 1972, in the wake of the Munich massacre, it was decided that BRI-PP would, as an additional task, form the nucleus of a police tactical task force known as Brigade Anticommando (Counter-commando Brigade) or BRI-BAC.[3] BRI-BAC, when activated, is reinforced by other specialised units of the Préfecture de police. It has been involved in the resolution of hostage crises from its beginnings in the early 1970s to the Porte de Vincennes siege in January 2015 and the "Bataclan" assault during the November 2015 Paris attacks. In the Porte de Vincennes case, BRI-BAC and the National Police's RAID operated together as part of the National Police Intervention Force (French: Force d'Intervention de la Police nationale or FIPN).[4]
Hostage rescue demonstration - Paris BRI-PP - June 2018
The first BRI, BRI-PP was created in Paris in 1964. François le Mouël, a police commissary with the Paris Police Prefecture (PP), suggested that there were situations when, instead of waiting until a crime had been committed to start an inquiry, the police could achieve better results by keeping a close watch on known or suspected criminals and/or some of their potential targets. The criminals would then be arrested - either just before the crime took place or soon after but never during the action itself - so that there would be enough evidence for prosecution while avoiding the risks of shoot-outs and innocent victims. Initially set up as a new section in one of the PP's Directorate of Judiciary Police brigades, BRI became a separate brigade in 1967, still under le Mouël's leadership.
The Paris BRI method was innovative enough so that it was widely copied all around France and in other European countries. One of the better-known BRI successes was achieved in 1977 when the captors of banker Gérard Mallet, who had been under surveillance for more than four months,[5] were arrested less than four hours after they had committed their crime.
Missionsedit
Hostage rescue demonstration - Paris BRI-PP - June 2018BRI-PP armored truck and hostage rescue team during a demonstration - June 2018
All BRI units - including Paris BRI-PP : Judiciary police work with an emphasis on flagrante delicto cases. All BRIs can set up special response teams in case of a terrorist attack.
Paris BRI (BRI-PP) when activated as BRI-BAC (French: brigade anticommando): crisis response in hostage and terrorism cases. When activated, "brigade anticommando", becomes one of three French national response teams, together with the Police nationale's RAID, and the Gendarmerie nationale's GIGN
Organizationedit
Logo of the BRI of BayonneBRI-BAC, GIGN and RAID (2019).
The BRIs are regular law enforcement units of the French National Police, which has jurisdiction over the whole French territory. The only exceptions are the Paris and Bouches-du-RhônePrefectures of Police, which, because they are major cities and - in the case of Paris - the nation's capital, have autonomous police authority governing bodies directly subordinated to the French Minister of the Interior.
Unlike RAID which is a special response team directly subordinated to the Director general of the National police, BRIs are parts of the French criminal police. Their main mission is the arrest of violent criminals. As members of the judiciary police, BRI officers normally operate in plain clothes for most missions. Hoods are used to ensure anonymity during some of these missions.
Command and coordination between the Paris BRI-PP and RAID in response to acts of terror, is entrusted to a task force called National Police Intervention Force, headed by the RAID commander, and which is only activated if a major crisis occurs.[6]
As of 2018 there are the Paris BRI, two national and several regional BRI units, independent from one another:
Brigade de recherche et d'intervention - Préfecture de police (BRI-PP) - the Paris unit. It is the first BRI unit and as such the precursor of the other units. It becomes Brigade Anticommando (BRI-BAC) in case of a security crisis.
^The National Police is one of the two national police forces of France, together with the National Gendarmerie. They both come under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior (Ministère de l'Intérieur)
^The officiel spelling in French is "Brigade anticommando" although "Brigade anti-commando" is also used. But in practice, neither of the terms is frenquently used, the press usually referring to "the BRI", which can be confusing since there are several units sharing this name all around France.
^RAID also took part in the Bataclan assault but in a subordinate role as FIPN was not formally activated.
^Mémoires du commissaire Broussard (Commissary Broussard remembers). Robert Broussard. Nouveau Monde Editions, Paris - 2012
^As mentioned above, FIPN was formally activated during the "Porte de Vincennes" crisis but not during the Bataclan one. RAID participated on both actions but in a "leader" role for the first one and in a "follower" role in the second.
Bibliographyedit
Philippe Poulet and Jean-François Guiot (2006). BRI : La brigade anti-gang du 36 Quai des Orfèvres (in French). Mission Spéciale Productions. ISBN291635705X.
Danielle Thiéry and Michel Faury (2011). BRI Histoire d'une unité d'élite (in French). Duvernet, Paris. ISBN978-2847243482.
Robert Broussard (2012). Mémoires du commissaire Broussard (Commissary Broussard remembers) (in French). Nouveau Monde Editions, Paris. ISBN978-2-84736-669-3.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brigade de Recherche et d'Intervention.
La brigade de recherche et d'intervention BRI presentation on the Paris Préfecture de Police site
December 08, 2023
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French January 2015 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 891 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Brigade de recherche et d intervention see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated fr Brigade de recherche et d intervention to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation A Research and Intervention Brigade French Brigade de recherche et d intervention BRI pronunciation Investigation and Intervention Brigade or Anti Gang Brigade is a unit of the French National Police 1 The first units were formed in 1964 and carried out their tasks under the command of the Paris prefecture 2 Research and Intervention BrigadeBrigade de recherche et d intervention French Active1964 presentCountry FranceAgencyNational PoliceTypePolice tactical unitRoleCounter terrorism Law enforcementCommon nameAnti Gang BrigadesAbbreviationBRICommandersNotablecommandersRobert Broussard Paris BRI NotablesSignificant operation s 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting November 2015 Paris attacksBRIs are specialized in serious criminal cases such as armed robbery and kidnappings They typically attempt to catch offenders in the act after monitoring their activities a technique that was first experimented in the 1960s by the then new Paris BRI They use a mix of traditional techniques and modern technology to collect and archive data about banditry Although most of the pictures illustrating this article show uniformed officers of the Paris BRI PP during a hostage rescue public demonstration most BRI missions are undertaken by plainclothed officers There are now more than 15 BRI units located in France s major cities The first of them the Paris BRI or BRI PP for Prefecture de Police was created in 1964 In 1972 in the wake of the Munich massacre it was decided that BRI PP would as an additional task form the nucleus of a police tactical task force known as Brigade Anticommando Counter commando Brigade or BRI BAC 3 BRI BAC when activated is reinforced by other specialised units of the Prefecture de police It has been involved in the resolution of hostage crises from its beginnings in the early 1970s to the Porte de Vincennes siege in January 2015 and the Bataclan assault during the November 2015 Paris attacks In the Porte de Vincennes case BRI BAC and the National Police s RAID operated together as part of the National Police Intervention Force French Force d Intervention de la Police nationale or FIPN 4 Contents 1 History 2 Missions 3 Organization 4 BRI PP commanders 5 In popular culture 6 See also 7 References 7 1 Footnotes 7 2 Bibliography 8 External linksHistory edit nbsp Hostage rescue demonstration Paris BRI PP June 2018The first BRI BRI PP was created in Paris in 1964 Francois le Mouel a police commissary with the Paris Police Prefecture PP suggested that there were situations when instead of waiting until a crime had been committed to start an inquiry the police could achieve better results by keeping a close watch on known or suspected criminals and or some of their potential targets The criminals would then be arrested either just before the crime took place or soon after but never during the action itself so that there would be enough evidence for prosecution while avoiding the risks of shoot outs and innocent victims Initially set up as a new section in one of the PP s Directorate of Judiciary Police brigades BRI became a separate brigade in 1967 still under le Mouel s leadership The Paris BRI method was innovative enough so that it was widely copied all around France and in other European countries One of the better known BRI successes was achieved in 1977 when the captors of banker Gerard Mallet who had been under surveillance for more than four months 5 were arrested less than four hours after they had committed their crime Missions edit nbsp Hostage rescue demonstration Paris BRI PP June 2018 nbsp BRI PP armored truck and hostage rescue team during a demonstration June 2018All BRI units including Paris BRI PP Judiciary police work with an emphasis on flagrante delicto cases All BRIs can set up special response teams in case of a terrorist attack Paris BRI BRI PP when activated as BRI BAC French brigade anticommando crisis response in hostage and terrorism cases When activated brigade anticommando becomes one of three French national response teams together with the Police nationale s RAID and the Gendarmerie nationale s GIGNOrganization edit nbsp Logo of the BRI of Bayonne nbsp BRI BAC GIGN and RAID 2019 The BRIs are regular law enforcement units of the French National Police which has jurisdiction over the whole French territory The only exceptions are the Paris and Bouches du Rhone Prefectures of Police which because they are major cities and in the case of Paris the nation s capital have autonomous police authority governing bodies directly subordinated to the French Minister of the Interior Unlike RAID which is a special response team directly subordinated to the Director general of the National police BRIs are parts of the French criminal police Their main mission is the arrest of violent criminals As members of the judiciary police BRI officers normally operate in plain clothes for most missions Hoods are used to ensure anonymity during some of these missions Command and coordination between the Paris BRI PP and RAID in response to acts of terror is entrusted to a task force called National Police Intervention Force headed by the RAID commander and which is only activated if a major crisis occurs 6 As of 2018 there are the Paris BRI two national and several regional BRI units independent from one another Paris Police Prefecture Direction Regionale de Police Judiciaire de Paris Brigade de recherche et d intervention Prefecture de police BRI PP the Paris unit It is the first BRI unit and as such the precursor of the other units It becomes Brigade Anticommando BRI BAC in case of a security crisis Central Directorate of the Judicial Police National BRIs Brigade de recherche et d intervention Nationale BRI NAT based in Nanterre near Paris in support of inquiries conducted at the national level Brigade de recherche et d investigation Financieres nationales BRI FN attached to the financial crime directorate of the National Police Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Lyon DIPJ Lyon BRI Lyon Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Marseille DIPJ Marseille BRI Marseille Nice Branch of the Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Marseille DIPJ Marseille antenne PJ Nice BRI Nice Regional Service of the Judicial Police Montpellier SRPJ Montpellier BRI Montpellier Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Rennes DIPJ Rennes Nantes Branch of the Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Rennes DIPJ Rennes antenne PJ Nantes BRI Nantes Regional Service of the Judicial Police Rouen DIPJ Rennes SRPJ Rouen BRI Rouen Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Lille DIPJ Lille BRI Lille Regional Service of the Judicial Police Versailles DRPJ Versailles BRI Versailles Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Strasbourg DIPJ Strasbourg BRI Strasbourg Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Bordeaux DIPJ Bordeaux BRI Bordeaux with a branch team in Bayonne Regional Service of the Judicial Police Toulouse DIPJ Bordeaux SRPJ Toulouse BRI Toulouse Regional Service of the Judicial Police Ajaccio DRPJ Ajaccio BRI Ajaccio with a branch team in Bastia Interregional Directorate of the Judicial Police Orleans DIPJ Orleans BRI OrleansBRI PP commanders edit nbsp Paris BRI PP logo on an armored truckFrancois Le Mouel 1964 1971 Section de recherche et d intervention until 1967 then BRI Jean Sautereau 1971 1974 Marcel Leclerc 1974 1978 Robert Broussard 1978 1982 Rene Georges Querry 1982 1983 Claude Cances 1983 1987 Pierre Cavin 1987 1989 Jean Marc Bloch 1989 1996 Yves Jobic 1996 2001 Jean Jacques Herlem 2001 2003 Christian Flaesch 2003 2004 Pascal Carreau 2004 2008 Michel Faury 2008 2013 Christophe Molmy 2013 2021 Simon Riondet Current In popular culture editThe 1979 film The Police War depicts the rivalry between the Territorial Brigade and the Anti Gang Brigade The Paris BRI PP is featured in the 2004 film 36 Quai des Orfevres and in the famous TV series Spiral Engrenages The 2020 Netflix production Rogue City aka BronxSee also editList of police tactical units Brigade de repression du banditisme Unite de coordination de la lutte anti terroriste Service de Protection des Hautes PersonnalitesReferences editFootnotes edit The National Police is one of the two national police forces of France together with the National Gendarmerie They both come under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior Ministere de l Interieur Aleksander Olech French and Polish fight against terrorism Poznan 2022 p 99 https www researchgate net publication 359135918 French and Polish fight against terrorism The officiel spelling in French is Brigade anticommando although Brigade anti commando is also used But in practice neither of the terms is frenquently used the press usually referring to the BRI which can be confusing since there are several units sharing this name all around France RAID also took part in the Bataclan assault but in a subordinate role as FIPN was not formally activated Memoires du commissaire Broussard Commissary Broussard remembers Robert Broussard Nouveau Monde Editions Paris 2012 As mentioned above FIPN was formally activated during the Porte de Vincennes crisis but not during the Bataclan one RAID participated on both actions but in a leader role for the first one and in a follower role in the second Bibliography edit Philippe Poulet and Jean Francois Guiot 2006 BRI La brigade anti gang du 36 Quai des Orfevres in French Mission Speciale Productions ISBN 291635705X Danielle Thiery and Michel Faury 2011 BRI Histoire d une unite d elite in French Duvernet Paris ISBN 978 2847243482 Robert Broussard 2012 Memoires du commissaire Broussard Commissary Broussard remembers in French Nouveau Monde Editions Paris ISBN 978 2 84736 669 3 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brigade de Recherche et d Intervention La brigade de recherche et d intervention BRI presentation on the Paris Prefecture de Police site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Research and Intervention Brigade amp oldid 1163754540, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
