The Bolam Glacier is a glacier situated on the northern flank of Mount Shasta, in the U.S. state of California.[2][3] It is the second longest glacier in California behind the nearby Whitney Glacier, and the fourth largest and most voluminous after the neighboring Hotlum Glacier, Whitney Glacier, and Wintun Glacier.[4] The Bolam Glacier flows from a cirque on the north side of Mount Shasta's main summit, with the moving ice starting below a large bergschrund which spans the glacier at 12,600 ft (3,800 m).[5] Above that, permanent snow and ice extends towards the summit to about 13,500 ft (4,100 m).[5] The glacier flows north down a steep slope and terminates near 9,800 ft (3,000 m).[5] It has a contributing drainage area of 1.03 km2.[6]
In 2002, scientists made the first detailed survey of Mount Shasta's glaciers in 50 years. They found that seven of the glaciers have grown over the period 1951–2002, with the Hotlum and Wintun nearly doubling, the Bolam increasing by half, and the Whitney and Konwakiton Glaciers growing by a third.[7][8][9] Due to rising global temperatures, as of 2007, alpine glaciers and rock glaciers are shrinking across the western United States.[10]
^. College of the Siskiyous. Archived from the original on March 7, 2007. Retrieved January 23, 2007.
^. Glaciers of the American West. Glaciers Online. Archived from the original on September 3, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
^Driedger, Carolyn L.; Kennard, Paul M. (1986). "Ice volumes on Cascade volcanoes; Mount Rainier, Mount Hood, Three Sisters, and Mount Shasta". U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1365. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
^Fegel, Timothy S. (March 29, 2016). "The Differing Biogeochemical and Microbial Signatures of Glaciers and Rock Glaciers". Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 121 (3): 919–932. doi:10.1002/2015JG003236 – via PDXScholar Library.
^Wong, Kathleen. . California Wild. California Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on October 6, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
^Whitney, David (September 4, 2006). . The Bee. Archived from the original on January 21, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
^Diaz, Henry F. (September 27, 2007). "Disappearing "alpine tundra" Köppen climatic type in the western United States". Geophysical Research Letters. 34 (18): L18707. doi:10.1029/2007GL031253.
bolam, glacier, glacier, situated, northern, flank, mount, shasta, state, california, second, longest, glacier, california, behind, nearby, whitney, glacier, fourth, largest, most, voluminous, after, neighboring, hotlum, glacier, whitney, glacier, wintun, glac. The Bolam Glacier is a glacier situated on the northern flank of Mount Shasta in the U S state of California 2 3 It is the second longest glacier in California behind the nearby Whitney Glacier and the fourth largest and most voluminous after the neighboring Hotlum Glacier Whitney Glacier and Wintun Glacier 4 The Bolam Glacier flows from a cirque on the north side of Mount Shasta s main summit with the moving ice starting below a large bergschrund which spans the glacier at 12 600 ft 3 800 m 5 Above that permanent snow and ice extends towards the summit to about 13 500 ft 4 100 m 5 The glacier flows north down a steep slope and terminates near 9 800 ft 3 000 m 5 It has a contributing drainage area of 1 03 km2 6 Bolam GlacierBolam GlacierLocation in CaliforniaTypeMountain glacierLocationSiskiyou County California U S Coordinates41 24 55 N 122 12 02 W 41 41528 N 122 20056 W 41 41528 122 20056 1 Area2 sq mi 5 2 km2 Length1 4 mi 2 3 km Thickness70 ft 21 m averageTerminusMoraineStatusExpanding In 2002 scientists made the first detailed survey of Mount Shasta s glaciers in 50 years They found that seven of the glaciers have grown over the period 1951 2002 with the Hotlum and Wintun nearly doubling the Bolam increasing by half and the Whitney and Konwakiton Glaciers growing by a third 7 8 9 Due to rising global temperatures as of 2007 alpine glaciers and rock glaciers are shrinking across the western United States 10 See also editList of glaciers in the United StatesReferences edit Bolam Glacier Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior Retrieved September 30 2012 Existing Glaciers of Mount Shasta College of the Siskiyous Archived from the original on March 7 2007 Retrieved January 23 2007 Glaciers of California Glaciers of the American West Glaciers Online Archived from the original on September 3 2006 Retrieved 2007 01 23 Driedger Carolyn L Kennard Paul M 1986 Ice volumes on Cascade volcanoes Mount Rainier Mount Hood Three Sisters and Mount Shasta U S Geological Survey Professional Paper 1365 Retrieved March 6 2007 a b c Google Earth elevation for GNIS coordinates Fegel Timothy S March 29 2016 The Differing Biogeochemical and Microbial Signatures of Glaciers and Rock Glaciers Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences 121 3 919 932 doi 10 1002 2015JG003236 via PDXScholar Library Harris Stephen L 2005 Fire Mountains of the West The Cascade and Mono Lake Volcanoes 3rd ed Mountain Press Publishing Company p 109 ISBN 978 0 87842 511 2 Wong Kathleen California Glaciers California Wild California Academy of Sciences Archived from the original on October 6 2006 Retrieved 2007 01 23 Whitney David September 4 2006 A growing glacier Mount Shasta bucks global trend and researchers cite warming phenomena The Bee Archived from the original on January 21 2007 Retrieved 2007 01 23 Diaz Henry F September 27 2007 Disappearing alpine tundra Koppen climatic type in the western United States Geophysical Research Letters 34 18 L18707 doi 10 1029 2007GL031253 nbsp This Siskiyou County California related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about a glacier in the United States is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bolam Glacier amp oldid 1184160924, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
