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Castle (shogi)

January 01, 1970

Left Mino Castle
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In shogi, castles (Japanese: 囲い, romanized: kakoi) are strong defensive configurations of pieces that protect the king (Japanese: 玉).

In contrast to the special castling move in western chess, shogi castles are structures that require making multiple individual moves with more than one piece.

Introduction edit

Usually the pieces involved in constructing castles are golds (Japanese: 金), silvers (Japanese: 銀), and pawns (Japanese: 歩). Typically, they also require moving the king from its starting position – often to the left or right side of the board.

The simplest castle involves two pieces and requires three moves, but it is more common to move at least three different pieces. For example, a simple Mino castle requires moving the king, the rook (Japanese: 飛), a silver, and two golds for a total of six moves. Others such as the Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole castle are more complex, which requires moving the king, a pawn, the bishop (Japanese: 角), a lance (Japanese: 香), a silver, and two golds for a total of twelve moves.

The lack of a castle and with the king in its start position is known by the term sitting king (Japanese: 居玉, romanized: igyoku), which is typically regarded negatively. However, there are a few strategies (often involving early attacks) that allow a sitting king (such as the Ureshino opening).

There are many types of castles and variations on those types which can be used, but it is important to understand which ones are useful in the current situation and how to compensate for their weak points.

Kumakura vs Ajiki 2015
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香桂 銀 金 桂香1
 王    銀  2
歩歩歩と   歩歩3
 桂銀  歩歩  4
  金歩香  歩 5
  歩   歩  6
歩歩角龍 歩  歩7
香玉銀金     8
 桂 金   龍馬9
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Kumakura (bottom) used a Left Mino variant, whereas Ajiki (top) used an Incomplete Mino

As an example from a professional game, Shino Kumakura (Black, on bottom) used a very hard castle, a variant of a Left Mino castle with an extra dragon and gold reinforcement that was created after an aborted attempt at making an Bear-in-the-hole castle. She used this castle in a Static Rook Counter-Ranging Rook position (that is, her rook remained in its starting position in the opening). Her opponent, Fusako Ajiki (White) was using an Incomplete Mino castle (on the right side of her board) that has been attacked forcing the silver previously on 72 to move to 61. Ajiki's castle was used (as is typical) with Fourth File Rook, a type of Ranging Rook position.[1]

Castle development edit

There are piece development relations between castles. For instance, a basic Mino castle can be developed into a Silver Crown castle, a Gold Fortress castle can be developed into a Complete Fortress castle, a Boat castle into a Bear-in-the-hole castle, a Gold Excelsior castle into a Right Fortress castle, and so on.

Castles and opening types edit

Certain castles are generally paired with certain openings. For example, if White is playing a Ranging Rook opening like Fourth File Rook, then White often uses a Mino (or related) castle on their right side of the board. A Fourth File Rook opening can be met with Black playing a Static Rook opening, which may often lead to Black building a Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole castle.[2]

Fortress edit

Gold Fortress
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Main article: Fortress castle

The Fortress castle (Japanese: 矢倉囲い, romanized: yagura gakoi) is considered by many to be the strongest defensive position in shogi in Double Static Rook games.[3]

A common Fortress structure is the Gold Fortress (Japanese: 金矢倉, romanized: kin yagura). It has a strongly protected king; a well-fortified line of pawns; and the bishop, rook, and a pawn all support a later attack by the rook's silver or knight. It is difficult to break down with a frontal assault, though it is weaker from the side. It is typically used against Static Rook openings that involve advancing the rook's pawn. However, one's opponent may just as easily adopt this defense, giving neither side an advantage.

Although the Gold Fortress is the most common form of Fortress, there are many variations of Fortress. A Fortress may be developed into a Fortress Bear-in-the-hole castle.

Helmet edit

Helmet
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Japanese helmet

The Helmet or Headpiece (Japanese: カブト, romanized: kabuto) castle is a structure often used to protect the king while playing a Reclining Silver strategy usually in combination with a Bishop Exchange opening.[4] The Helmet castle is structurally related to the Fortress castle and is also known as the Helmet Fortress (カブト矢倉 or Japanese: 兜矢倉, romanized: kabuto yagura).

If bishops have already been exchanged, then the silver that originated at 79 will have moved up to 77 via 88. And, for Reclining Silver, the right silver that originated at 39 will have reached the central file at 56 (through 38 and 47) with pawn on the fourth file moving up to 46 to make way for the silver.

Crab edit

Crab
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The Crab castle (Japanese: カニ囲い, romanized: kanigakoi) three generals 金銀金 gold-silver-gold lined up next to each other on rank 8 (or rank 2 for White) starting from the sixth to the central file. The king is moved one square to the left behind the middle silver.[3][5]

The crab name comes from the way the king at 69 can only move from side to side (79, 59).

Black's Crab castle in 2-Piece Handicap
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香      桂香1
      金銀 2
 歩桂王銀歩歩歩歩3
歩 金 歩    4
   歩 歩   5
歩 歩   飛  6
 歩 歩歩銀桂歩歩7
 角金銀金    8
香桂 玉    香9
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The Crab castle is used in Static Rook positions and also appears in handicap game positions played by Black (such as the 2-Piece handicap).

Furthermore, it may be possible to utilize the Crab castle in a Ranging Rook position in Double Ranging Rook games.[6]

When playing the Fortress opening, a Crab castle is usually constructed as a strong intermediate castle in the development of a Fortress castle. In these positions, the three pawns above the castle generals are advanced with the bishop in its start positions and the right silver is developed to the 48 square adjacent to the other generals so that the pieces are lined up as 角金銀金銀 bishop-gold-silver-gold-silver.

Bonanza edit

Bonanza
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The Bonanza castle (ボナンザ) is a castle that used to be built by the computer shogi engine Bonanza. It has some similarities with the Incomplete Fortress castle.

Snowroof edit

Snowroof
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Main article: Snowroof

Snowroof (also Snow Roof Fortress or Zigzag, Japanese: 雁木, romanized: gangi) castle has the left silver positioned on 67 and the two golds positioned on 78 and 58.

Typically, the right silver is also moved up to 57 as well making a four general castle.

Since a silver is placed on the 67 square, the sixth file pawn must be pushed forward to 66. Thus, Snowroof positions are characterized by having a closed bishop diagonal just as in traditional Ranging Rook positions and Fortress positions played by Black.

In Snowroof, the bishop may be kept in situ (Japanese: 居角, romanized: ikaku) on the 88 square. In this case, the 86 square is not defended allowing the opponent to trade off rook pawns at any time in contrast to the Fortress castle and the Helmet castle (used in Bishop Exchange openings). If the eighth file pawn trade happens, the side pawn on 76 cannot be captured as it is defended by the 67-silver. Alternately, the bishop may be moved up to 77 so that it defends 86 preventing the eighth file pawn trade. However, once the bishop is on the 95–59 diagonal, then the Snowroof player's bishop may be traded off if the opponent pulls their bishop back to attack along the 31–97 diagonal. Thus, the Snowroof player must weigh the pros and cons of a rook pawn trade vs a bishop trade. Yet another common possibility has the bishop moving B-77, B-59 aiming for a position on the 37 or 25 squares so that it may be utilized on these diagonals.

Silver Horns Snowroof edit

Silver Horns Snowroof
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Silver Horns Snowroof (Japanese: ツノ銀雁木, romanized: tsuno gin gangi) is a recent variant that positions the right silver on 47 instead of the usual 57.

This allows the possibility of moving the silver to the 56 square in a Reclining Silver position.

The silver horns name comes from the similar positioning of the two silvers on rank 7 flanking the central file on the sixth and fourth file that is found in the Central Rook Silver Horns variation. The horns metaphor is describing the way the two silvers extend out from the corners of the gold positioned on the 58 square.

Right King edit

Right King (右玉 migi gyoku)

Bishop Exchange Right King examples edit

Kimura vs Habu 2016
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香飛     桂香1
  王金  金  2
  桂銀銀  歩 3
歩 歩歩歩 歩 歩4
 歩   歩 歩 5
歩 歩歩歩角歩 歩6
 歩銀金 銀桂  7
  金    飛 8
香桂玉     香9
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Yoshiharu Habu (White) used a Right King castle in a 2016 Ōi tournament game on September 12 against opponent Kazuki Kimura (Black).[7] The opening was Bishop Exchange Double Reclining Silver.

Although Habu had initially moved his king leftwards to the 42 square earlier in the game, he later moved his king rightwards (K-52, K-61, K-72) to form a Right King position. Additionally, his left silver that was earlier on the 33 square has moved after a pawn trade on the fourth file to the 53 square (via S-44) further strengthening the Right King castle.

Kimura is using a Gold Fortress castle with his king on the 79 square.

Silver Horns Snowroof Right King examples edit

Black's Silver Horns Snowroof Right King[8]

Black's Silver Horns Snowroof Right King 48-Gold variant[9]

Central House edit

Central House
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Central House (shogi) [ja] (Japanese: 中住まい, romanized: nakazumai) is a castle characterized by the king being one rank above a sitting king position, that is, in the case of Black the king is moved to 58. While the positions of golds and silvers are not particularly fixed, the golds are often moved to 78 and 38, while the silvers are often moved to 68, 48 or 38.

Putting more emphasis on a wide defense than on solidness, the goal of the player using this castle is to prevent the opponent from dropping pieces into their camp. Usually the player is also aiming for the same goal of dropping into the opponent's promotion zone. Therefore, the castle is often used Double Wing Attack openings and in the Aerial Battle variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening. In some rare cases, it is also used with Fortress openings and Double Ranging Rook as well as other uncommon openings (such as Takishita's Spread Golds opening).

It's considered to be weak against attacks from above the king's position.

It used to be a popular castle among non-professional players playing "bench" shogi in the streets.

This castle is also called Spread Golds (Japanese: 金開き, romanized: kinbiraki), which is also another name for the Duck castle.[10]

Central House game example edit

Tanigawa vs Waki 1993
☖ pieces in hand: 歩歩
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香桂銀     香1
  王金 銀金角 2
歩 歩歩歩歩桂  3
       飛 4
  歩     歩5
歩     飛  6
   歩歩歩歩歩歩7
 角金銀玉銀金  8
香桂     桂香9
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A Kōji Tanigawa vs Kenji Waki game in an All Nihon Pro tournament from August 1993 shows Tanigawa (Black) using a Central House castle.[11] The opening is the N-33 variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening.

Nakahara edit

Nakahara
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Nakahara castle (Japanese: 中原囲い, romanized: Nakahara gakoi)

The castle is named after Makoto Nakahara, for which he won the Kōzō Masuda Award in 1996. The Nakahara castle was originally part of the Nakahara Double Wing Attack, and consisted simply of the silver moving up from its initial position. Since the obtained position with the gold at 59 and the king at 69 resembled old-style Double Attack, Nakahara asked Yasujirō Kon, the teacher of his own teacher (Toshio Takayanagi), to teach him the basics of it. With this knowledge, Nakahara went on to apply it to modern strategy. A similar castle has been since discovered in an early game during the Edo period.

While Nakahara developed it originally as a castle for sente (black), it is nowadays used almost exclusively by gote (white), particularly as this castle is played often along with the R-85 variation of Side Pawn Capture. The typical configuration involves S-22, G-32, K-41, G-51, and S-62. Although feeble in appearance, the main characteristic of this castle is that as the formation is low the king has plenty of routes to escape from attacks coming from right or left. While according to Nakahara this castle is less flexible compared to a Central House castle, thanks to its having a gold in the 1st. rank it is strong against both rook drops and knight attacks. Moreover, because it is easy to build up Nakahara thought it would be safe to presume that its use would become widespread.

In recent years attention has been paid to its use for sente (black) in Side-Pawn Capture openings, and some research has been conducted about the solidness of the king, and following this research the Right Nakahara variation, where the position of the pieces on left and right of the king are reversed, has become rarely used.

Duck edit

Duck
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Duck or Duck Legs (アヒル ahiru) or Spread Golds (Japanese: 金開き, romanized: kinbiraki) is a Static Rook castle used in the surprise Duck opening.

Paperweight edit

Paperweight
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Paperweight castle (Japanese: 文鎮囲い, romanized: bunchingakoi) is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook opponents in the Subway Rook opening (Japanese: 地下鉄飛車, romanized: chikatetsubisha).

It is named after the long row of pieces on rank 8, which is like the shape of traditional Japanese paperweights used to hold down parchment paper for brushwork calligraphy.

Truck edit

Truck
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Truck castle (Japanese: トラック囲い, romanized: torakkugakoi) is an uncommon Static Rook castle.

Boat edit

Static Rook (Black) with Boat Castle vs Fourth File Ranging Rook (White) with Mino Castle
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歩    歩歩  4
       歩 5
歩 歩 歩 歩  6
 歩 歩銀歩  歩7
 角玉 金銀 飛 8
香桂 金   桂香9
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The Boat castle [ja] (Japanese: 舟囲い or Japanese: 船囲い, romanized: funagakoi) is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook, where the king moves next to the bishop and moves the right hand gold diagonally forward above the king's throne. This castle can also be an intermediary towards making stronger castles, such as Left Mino, Silver Crown or Bear-in-the-hole.[12] This castle is often considered weak although Static Rook has the option of engaging in a rapid attack through various means, especially against Fourth File Rook and by making use of the left silver.

A rapid attack is not guaranteed to be successful, since Ranging Rook will try to trade off the bishops and bring the game into a full-scale battle. This can lead static rook into a difficult game, because their Boat castle is too weak compared to the opponent's Mino castle. As such, Static Rook would rather resort to making stronger castles, such as Bear-in-the-hole or Left Mino.

Daddy's Dearest edit

Daddy's Dearest
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Daddy's Dearest [ja] or Girl-In-The-House (Japanese: 箱入り娘, romanized: hakoiri musume, lit. 'daughter inside box')[13] is a development from the Boat castle with the fifth file gold moving to the sixth file getting closer to the king.

Diamond edit

Diamond
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The Diamond or Lozenge castle (Japanese: 菱囲い, romanized: hishigakoi) can be developed from a Boat castle by moving the left silver up to 68 and incorporating the right silver above the gold on 57.[12] The Diamond is relatively stronger than the Boat.

Strawberry edit

Strawberry
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The Strawberry castle (Japanese: イチゴ囲い, romanized: Ichigo) is a simple way of castling that appears in Double Wing Attack openings.[a] The Strawberry castle is used for Static Rook positions and has golds positioned on the 78 and 58 squares (like in the Snowroof castle) while the left silver remains in the start position so that it defends the bishop.[14] The king is moved up and leftward to the 68 square. It is structurally identical to the Helmet castle before the bishops are exchanged.

Yonenaga King edit

Yonenaga King [ja] castle (Japanese: 米長玉, romanized: Yonenaga gyoku) is used for Static Rook vs Ranging Rook games.[15] This castle is named after Kunio Yonenaga.

This castle is similar to an Edge King Silver Crown.

The Yonenaga King variant show here is almost the same as a Left Silver Crown castle but with the king moved leftward one file to the edge. Thus, it may called by the name Yonenaga King Silver Crown (Japanese: 米長玉銀冠, romanized: Yonenaga gyoku ginkanmuri).

Elmo edit

Elmo (Japanese: エルモ, romanized: erumo or Left Mountain Japanese: 左山, romanized: hidari yama) castle is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook positions.[16] It is found in the computer shogi game records of the elmo shogi engine.[17][18][19][20] The elmo engine (which is an eval function and a book file used with the YaneuraOu search engine) was the undefeated winner of the 2017 World Computer Shogi Championship beating the previously dominant Ponanza engine.[21][22] This castle is characterized by the position of the king on K-78 (K-32 if played as White), silver on S-68 and gold on G-79 (or S-42 & G-31 for White).

Subsequently, the castle has been used by professional shogi players in 2018 and recently featured in a book on a new Anti-Ranging Rook Rapid Attack strategy.[23]

Elephant Eye edit

Silver Elephant Eye (Japanese: 銀象眼, romanized: gin zōgan) and Gold Elephant Eye (Japanese: 金象眼, romanized: kin zōgan) may be used in bishop handicap games.

Skewered Cutlet edit

Skewered Cutlet
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January 01, 1970
castle, shogi, left, mino, castle, pieces, hand, 987654321, 5歩, 歩角歩歩, 玉銀, 8香桂, pieces, hand, shogi, castles, japanese, 囲い, romanized, kakoi, strong, defensive, configurations, pieces, that, protect, king, japanese, contrast, special, castling, move, western, c. Left Mino Castle pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩角歩歩 7 玉銀 金 8香桂 金 9 pieces in hand In shogi castles Japanese 囲い romanized kakoi are strong defensive configurations of pieces that protect the king Japanese 玉 In contrast to the special castling move in western chess shogi castles are structures that require making multiple individual moves with more than one piece Contents 1 Introduction 2 Castle development 3 Castles and opening types 4 Fortress 5 Helmet 6 Crab 7 Bonanza 8 Snowroof 8 1 Silver Horns Snowroof 9 Right King 9 1 Bishop Exchange Right King examples 9 2 Silver Horns Snowroof Right King examples 10 Central House 10 1 Central House game example 11 Nakahara 12 Duck 13 Paperweight 14 Truck 15 Boat 15 1 Daddy s Dearest 15 2 Diamond 16 Strawberry 17 Yonenaga King 18 Elmo 19 Elephant Eye 20 Skewered Cutlet 21 Bear in the hole 22 Mino 22 1 Silver Crown 23 Wall 23 1 Wall game examples 24 Cozy castle 25 Small Rapid Castle 26 Flatfish 27 Millennium 27 1 Millennium example 28 Aerokin 29 Gold Excelsior 30 Mid Rank King castles 30 1 Aerial Tower 30 2 Fourth Rank Edge King 30 2 1 Fourth Rank Edge King examples 31 See also 32 Notes 33 References 34 Bibliography 35 External linksIntroduction editKing in start position pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 6歩歩歩歩歩歩歩歩歩7 角 飛 8香桂銀金玉金銀桂香9 pieces in hand King in castle variant pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩歩歩歩 6 銀角 7香金金 8玉桂 9 pieces in hand Silver Crown Bear in the hole castle Usually the pieces involved in constructing castles are golds Japanese 金 silvers Japanese 銀 and pawns Japanese 歩 Typically they also require moving the king from its starting position often to the left or right side of the board The simplest castle involves two pieces and requires three moves but it is more common to move at least three different pieces For example a simple Mino castle requires moving the king the rook Japanese 飛 a silver and two golds for a total of six moves Others such as the Static Rook Bear in the hole castle are more complex which requires moving the king a pawn the bishop Japanese 角 a lance Japanese 香 a silver and two golds for a total of twelve moves The lack of a castle and with the king in its start position is known by the term sitting king Japanese 居玉 romanized igyoku which is typically regarded negatively However there are a few strategies often involving early attacks that allow a sitting king such as the Ureshino opening There are many types of castles and variations on those types which can be used but it is important to understand which ones are useful in the current situation and how to compensate for their weak points Kumakura vs Ajiki 2015 pieces in hand 987654321 香桂 銀 金 桂香1 王 銀 2歩歩歩と 歩歩3 桂銀 歩歩 4 金歩香 歩 5 歩 歩 6歩歩角龍 歩 歩7香玉銀金 8 桂 金 龍馬9 pieces in hand Kumakura bottom used a Left Mino variant whereas Ajiki top used an Incomplete Mino As an example from a professional game Shino Kumakura Black on bottom used a very hard castle a variant of a Left Mino castle with an extra dragon and gold reinforcement that was created after an aborted attempt at making an Bear in the hole castle She used this castle in a Static Rook Counter Ranging Rook position that is her rook remained in its starting position in the opening Her opponent Fusako Ajiki White was using an Incomplete Mino castle on the right side of her board that has been attacked forcing the silver previously on 72 to move to 61 Ajiki s castle was used as is typical with Fourth File Rook a type of Ranging Rook position 1 Castle development editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it October 2017 There are piece development relations between castles For instance a basic Mino castle can be developed into a Silver Crown castle a Gold Fortress castle can be developed into a Complete Fortress castle a Boat castle into a Bear in the hole castle a Gold Excelsior castle into a Right Fortress castle and so on Castles and opening types editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Certain castles are generally paired with certain openings For example if White is playing a Ranging Rook opening like Fourth File Rook then White often uses a Mino or related castle on their right side of the board A Fourth File Rook opening can be met with Black playing a Static Rook opening which may often lead to Black building a Static Rook Bear in the hole castle 2 Fortress editGold Fortress pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩 6歩歩銀金 7 玉金 8香桂 9 pieces in hand Main article Fortress castle The Fortress castle Japanese 矢倉囲い romanized yagura gakoi is considered by many to be the strongest defensive position in shogi in Double Static Rook games 3 A common Fortress structure is the Gold Fortress Japanese 金矢倉 romanized kin yagura It has a strongly protected king a well fortified line of pawns and the bishop rook and a pawn all support a later attack by the rook s silver or knight It is difficult to break down with a frontal assault though it is weaker from the side It is typically used against Static Rook openings that involve advancing the rook s pawn However one s opponent may just as easily adopt this defense giving neither side an advantage Although the Gold Fortress is the most common form of Fortress there are many variations of Fortress A Fortress may be developed into a Fortress Bear in the hole castle Helmet editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Helmet pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩銀歩歩 7 金玉金 8香桂 9 pieces in hand Helmet before bishop exchange pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩 歩歩 7 角金玉金 8香桂銀 9 pieces in hand Kabuto after bishop trade with Reclining Silver pieces in hand 角987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 銀歩 6 歩銀歩歩 nbsp 7 金玉金 nbsp 8香桂 nbsp 9 pieces in hand 角 nbsp Japanese helmet The Helmet or Headpiece Japanese カブト romanized kabuto castle is a structure often used to protect the king while playing a Reclining Silver strategy usually in combination with a Bishop Exchange opening 4 The Helmet castle is structurally related to the Fortress castle and is also known as the Helmet Fortress カブト矢倉 or Japanese 兜矢倉 romanized kabuto yagura If bishops have already been exchanged then the silver that originated at 79 will have moved up to 77 via 88 And for Reclining Silver the right silver that originated at 39 will have reached the central file at 56 through 38 and 47 with pawn on the fourth file moving up to 46 to make way for the silver Crab editCrab pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩 歩 6歩歩 歩 7 金銀金 8香桂 玉 9 pieces in hand The Crab castle Japanese カニ囲い romanized kanigakoi three generals 金銀金 gold silver gold lined up next to each other on rank 8 or rank 2 for White starting from the sixth to the central file The king is moved one square to the left behind the middle silver 3 5 The crab name comes from the way the king at 69 can only move from side to side 79 59 Black s Crab castle in 2 Piece Handicap pieces in hand 歩987654321 香 桂香1 金銀 2 歩桂王銀歩歩歩歩3歩 金 歩 4 歩 歩 5歩 歩 飛 6 歩 歩歩銀桂歩歩7 角金銀金 8香桂 玉 香9 pieces in hand The Crab castle is used in Static Rook positions and also appears in handicap game positions played by Black such as the 2 Piece handicap Furthermore it may be possible to utilize the Crab castle in a Ranging Rook position in Double Ranging Rook games 6 Black s Crab castle in Fortress opening pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩 6歩歩 歩歩歩歩7 角金銀金銀 飛 8香桂 玉 桂香9 pieces in hand White s Crab castle in Fortress opening pieces in hand 987654321 香桂 王 桂香1 飛 銀金銀金角 2歩 歩 歩 歩歩3 歩歩 歩 歩 4 5 6 7 8 9 pieces in hand When playing the Fortress opening a Crab castle is usually constructed as a strong intermediate castle in the development of a Fortress castle In these positions the three pawns above the castle generals are advanced with the bishop in its start positions and the right silver is developed to the 48 square adjacent to the other generals so that the pieces are lined up as 角金銀金銀 bishop gold silver gold silver Bonanza editBonanza pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩 6歩歩銀歩歩 7 玉金金 8香桂 9 pieces in hand The Bonanza castle ボナンザ is a castle that used to be built by the computer shogi engine Bonanza It has some similarities with the Incomplete Fortress castle Snowroof editSnowroof pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩 6歩歩 銀銀 7 金 金 8香桂 玉 9 pieces in hand Main article Snowroof Snowroof also Snow Roof Fortress or Zigzag Japanese 雁木 romanized gangi castle has the left silver positioned on 67 and the two golds positioned on 78 and 58 Typically the right silver is also moved up to 57 as well making a four general castle Since a silver is placed on the 67 square the sixth file pawn must be pushed forward to 66 Thus Snowroof positions are characterized by having a closed bishop diagonal just as in traditional Ranging Rook positions and Fortress positions played by Black In Snowroof the bishop may be kept in situ Japanese 居角 romanized ikaku on the 88 square In this case the 86 square is not defended allowing the opponent to trade off rook pawns at any time in contrast to the Fortress castle and the Helmet castle used in Bishop Exchange openings If the eighth file pawn trade happens the side pawn on 76 cannot be captured as it is defended by the 67 silver Alternately the bishop may be moved up to 77 so that it defends 86 preventing the eighth file pawn trade However once the bishop is on the 95 59 diagonal then the Snowroof player s bishop may be traded off if the opponent pulls their bishop back to attack along the 31 97 diagonal Thus the Snowroof player must weigh the pros and cons of a rook pawn trade vs a bishop trade Yet another common possibility has the bishop moving B 77 B 59 aiming for a position on the 37 or 25 squares so that it may be utilized on these diagonals Silver Horns Snowroof edit Silver Horns Snowroof pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩 歩歩 6歩歩 銀歩銀 7 金 金 8香桂 玉 9 pieces in hand Silver Horns Snowroof Japanese ツノ銀雁木 romanized tsuno gin gangi is a recent variant that positions the right silver on 47 instead of the usual 57 This allows the possibility of moving the silver to the 56 square in a Reclining Silver position The silver horns name comes from the similar positioning of the two silvers on rank 7 flanking the central file on the sixth and fourth file that is found in the Central Rook Silver Horns variation The horns metaphor is describing the way the two silvers extend out from the corners of the gold positioned on the 58 square Right King editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Right King Variant 1 pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 歩 5 歩歩歩 歩6 銀桂 7 玉 8 飛香9 pieces in hand Right King Variant 2 pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 歩歩5 歩歩歩 6 銀桂 7 金玉 8 飛香9 pieces in hand Right King Variant 3 pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 歩 5 歩歩 歩6 歩銀桂 7 金玉 8 飛香9 pieces in hand Right King 右玉 migi gyoku Bishop Exchange Right King examples edit Kimura vs Habu 2016 pieces in hand 角 歩987654321 香飛 桂香1 王金 金 2 桂銀銀 歩 3歩 歩歩歩 歩 歩4 歩 歩 歩 5歩 歩歩歩角歩 歩6 歩銀金 銀桂 7 金 飛 8香桂玉 香9 pieces in hand Yoshiharu Habu White used a Right King castle in a 2016 Ōi tournament game on September 12 against opponent Kazuki Kimura Black 7 The opening was Bishop Exchange Double Reclining Silver Although Habu had initially moved his king leftwards to the 42 square earlier in the game he later moved his king rightwards K 52 K 61 K 72 to form a Right King position Additionally his left silver that was earlier on the 33 square has moved after a pawn trade on the fourth file to the 53 square via S 44 further strengthening the Right King castle Kimura is using a Gold Fortress castle with his king on the 79 square Silver Horns Snowroof Right King examples edit Black s Silver Horns Snowroof Right King 8 Black s Silver Horns Snowroof Right King 48 Gold variant 9 Central House editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Central House pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 6 歩歩歩歩歩 7 金銀玉銀金 8 9 pieces in hand Central House shogi ja Japanese 中住まい romanized nakazumai is a castle characterized by the king being one rank above a sitting king position that is in the case of Black the king is moved to 58 While the positions of golds and silvers are not particularly fixed the golds are often moved to 78 and 38 while the silvers are often moved to 68 48 or 38 Putting more emphasis on a wide defense than on solidness the goal of the player using this castle is to prevent the opponent from dropping pieces into their camp Usually the player is also aiming for the same goal of dropping into the opponent s promotion zone Therefore the castle is often used Double Wing Attack openings and in the Aerial Battle variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening In some rare cases it is also used with Fortress openings and Double Ranging Rook as well as other uncommon openings such as Takishita s Spread Golds opening It s considered to be weak against attacks from above the king s position It used to be a popular castle among non professional players playing bench shogi in the streets This castle is also called Spread Golds Japanese 金開き romanized kinbiraki which is also another name for the Duck castle 10 Central House game example edit Tanigawa vs Waki 1993 pieces in hand 歩歩987654321 香桂銀 香1 王金 銀金角 2歩 歩歩歩歩桂 3 飛 4 歩 歩5歩 飛 6 歩歩歩歩歩歩7 角金銀玉銀金 8香桂 桂香9 pieces in hand 歩歩 A Kōji Tanigawa vs Kenji Waki game in an All Nihon Pro tournament from August 1993 shows Tanigawa Black using a Central House castle 11 The opening is the N 33 variation of the Side Pawn Capture opening Nakahara editNakahara pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩 6歩歩 歩歩歩 7 金 銀 8香桂銀玉金 9 pieces in hand Nakahara castle Japanese 中原囲い romanized Nakahara gakoi The castle is named after Makoto Nakahara for which he won the Kōzō Masuda Award in 1996 The Nakahara castle was originally part of the Nakahara Double Wing Attack and consisted simply of the silver moving up from its initial position Since the obtained position with the gold at 59 and the king at 69 resembled old style Double Attack Nakahara asked Yasujirō Kon the teacher of his own teacher Toshio Takayanagi to teach him the basics of it With this knowledge Nakahara went on to apply it to modern strategy A similar castle has been since discovered in an early game during the Edo period While Nakahara developed it originally as a castle for sente black it is nowadays used almost exclusively by gote white particularly as this castle is played often along with the R 85 variation of Side Pawn Capture The typical configuration involves S 22 G 32 K 41 G 51 and S 62 Although feeble in appearance the main characteristic of this castle is that as the formation is low the king has plenty of routes to escape from attacks coming from right or left While according to Nakahara this castle is less flexible compared to a Central House castle thanks to its having a gold in the 1st rank it is strong against both rook drops and knight attacks Moreover because it is easy to build up Nakahara thought it would be safe to presume that its use would become widespread In recent years attention has been paid to its use for sente black in Side Pawn Capture openings and some research has been conducted about the solidness of the king and following this research the Right Nakahara variation where the position of the pieces on left and right of the king are reversed has become rarely used Duck editDuck pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 6 歩歩歩歩歩 7 銀玉銀 8 金 金 9 pieces in hand This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it January 2017 Duck or Duck Legs アヒル ahiru or Spread Golds Japanese 金開き romanized kinbiraki is a Static Rook castle used in the surprise Duck opening Paperweight editPaperweight pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 歩 6 歩桂歩 7香銀玉金金 8 9 pieces in hand This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it March 2017 Paperweight castle Japanese 文鎮囲い romanized bunchingakoi is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook opponents in the Subway Rook opening Japanese 地下鉄飛車 romanized chikatetsubisha It is named after the long row of pieces on rank 8 which is like the shape of traditional Japanese paperweights used to hold down parchment paper for brushwork calligraphy Truck editTruck pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩歩 6 歩 銀銀 7 玉金金 8 9 pieces in hand This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it February 2017 Truck castle Japanese トラック囲い romanized torakkugakoi is an uncommon Static Rook castle Boat editBoat pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩 歩 6歩歩 歩 7 角玉 金 8香桂銀金 9 pieces in hand Boat Pawn 96 Variant pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 歩 6 歩 歩 7 角玉 金 8香桂銀金 9 pieces in hand Static Rook Black with Boat Castle vs Fourth File Ranging Rook White with Mino Castle pieces in hand 987654321 香桂 金 桂香1 王銀 金飛銀 2 歩歩歩歩 角歩歩3歩 歩歩 4 歩 5歩 歩 歩 歩 6 歩 歩銀歩 歩7 角玉 金銀 飛 8香桂 金 桂香9 pieces in hand The Boat castle ja Japanese 舟囲い or Japanese 船囲い romanized funagakoi is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook where the king moves next to the bishop and moves the right hand gold diagonally forward above the king s throne This castle can also be an intermediary towards making stronger castles such as Left Mino Silver Crown or Bear in the hole 12 This castle is often considered weak although Static Rook has the option of engaging in a rapid attack through various means especially against Fourth File Rook and by making use of the left silver A rapid attack is not guaranteed to be successful since Ranging Rook will try to trade off the bishops and bring the game into a full scale battle This can lead static rook into a difficult game because their Boat castle is too weak compared to the opponent s Mino castle As such Static Rook would rather resort to making stronger castles such as Bear in the hole or Left Mino Daddy s Dearest edit This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Daddy s Dearest pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩 歩 7 角玉金 8香桂銀金 9 pieces in hand Daddy s Dearest ja or Girl In The House Japanese 箱入り娘 romanized hakoiri musume lit daughter inside box 13 is a development from the Boat castle with the fifth file gold moving to the sixth file getting closer to the king Diamond edit Diamond pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 歩 6 歩 歩銀 7 角玉銀金 8香桂 金 9 pieces in hand The Diamond or Lozenge castle Japanese 菱囲い romanized hishigakoi can be developed from a Boat castle by moving the left silver up to 68 and incorporating the right silver above the gold on 57 12 The Diamond is relatively stronger than the Boat Strawberry editStrawberry pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩 歩歩 7 角金玉金 8香桂銀 9 pieces in hand The Strawberry castle Japanese イチゴ囲い romanized Ichigo is a simple way of castling that appears in Double Wing Attack openings a The Strawberry castle is used for Static Rook positions and has golds positioned on the 78 and 58 squares like in the Snowroof castle while the left silver remains in the start position so that it defends the bishop 14 The king is moved up and leftward to the 68 square It is structurally identical to the Helmet castle before the bishops are exchanged Yonenaga King editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2016 Yonenaga King pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩歩歩歩歩 6 銀 金 7玉角金 8香桂 9 pieces in hand Yonenaga King Variant pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩歩歩歩歩 6 銀銀金 7玉 金 8香桂角 9 pieces in hand Yonenaga King ja castle Japanese 米長玉 romanized Yonenaga gyoku is used for Static Rook vs Ranging Rook games 15 This castle is named after Kunio Yonenaga This castle is similar to an Edge King Silver Crown The Yonenaga King variant show here is almost the same as a Left Silver Crown castle but with the king moved leftward one file to the edge Thus it may called by the name Yonenaga King Silver Crown Japanese 米長玉銀冠 romanized Yonenaga gyoku ginkanmuri Elmo editElmo pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩 歩 7 角玉銀 8香桂金 9 pieces in hand 2 gold variant pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5歩 歩 6 歩 歩 7 角玉銀 8香桂金 金 9 pieces in hand This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it October 2017 Elmo Japanese エルモ romanized erumo or Left Mountain Japanese 左山 romanized hidari yama castle is a Static Rook castle used against Ranging Rook positions 16 It is found in the computer shogi game records of the elmo shogi engine 17 18 19 20 The elmo engine which is an eval function and a book file used with the YaneuraOu search engine was the undefeated winner of the 2017 World Computer Shogi Championship beating the previously dominant Ponanza engine 21 22 This castle is characterized by the position of the king on K 78 K 32 if played as White silver on S 68 and gold on G 79 or S 42 amp G 31 for White Subsequently the castle has been used by professional shogi players in 2018 and recently featured in a book on a new Anti Ranging Rook Rapid Attack strategy 23 Elephant Eye editSilver Elephant Eye pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩歩 6 桂玉銀 7 銀 8 9 pieces in hand Gold Elephant Eye pieces in hand 987654321 1 2 3 4 5 歩歩歩歩 6 桂玉銀 7 金 8 9 pieces in hand Silver Elephant Eye Japanese 銀象眼 romanized gin zōgan and Gold Elephant Eye Japanese 金象眼 romanized kin zōgan may be used in bishop handicap games Skewered Cutlet editSkewered Cutlet pieces in hand 987654321 1 td, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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