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Blue-winged pitta

February 22, 2023

The blue-winged pitta (Pitta moluccensis) is a passerine bird in the family Pittidae. It forms a superspecies with three other pittas, the Indian pitta (P. brachyura), the fairy pitta (P. nympha) and the mangrove pitta (P. megarhyncha). A colourful bird, it has a black head with a buff stripe above the eye, a white collar, greenish upper parts, blue wings, buff underparts and a reddish vent area. Its range extends from India to Malaysia, Indonesia, southern China and the Philippines. Its habitat is moist woodland, parks and gardens and it avoids dense forest. It feeds mainly on insects and worms. It breeds in the spring, building an untidy spherical nest on the ground, often near water and between tree roots. A clutch of about five eggs is laid and incubated by both parents, hatching after about sixteen days.

Blue-winged pitta
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Pittidae
Genus: Pitta
Species:
P. moluccensis
Binomial name
Pitta moluccensis

Taxonomy

The blue-winged pitta was described by the German naturalist Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller in 1776 and given the binomial name Turdus moluccensis.[2] Statius Müller's description was based on a plate showing the "Merle des Moluques" published by Comte de Buffon in his Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle.[3][4] The French name and the specific epithet moluccensis refer to the Moluccas (the Maluku Islands). This was an error as the range of the species does not extend as far east. The type locality was amended in 1963 to Malacca on the Malay Peninsula.[5][4] The species is now placed in the genus Pitta that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816.[6] The species is monotypic.[7]

The blue-winged pitta forms a superspecies with the Indian pitta (P. brachyura), fairy pitta (P. nympha) and mangrove pitta (P. megarhyncha). Alternate common names include: lesser blue-winged pitta, the little blue-winged pitta, the Moluccan pitta, the brève à ailes bleues (French), the Kleine Blauflügelpitta (German) and the pita aliazul (Spanish).[8]

Description

 
Sunning with spread wings

Measuring 180 to 205 mm (7.1–8.1 in) in length, the blue-winged pitta has a black head with a buff-coloured supercilium, white chin and buff underparts. The shoulders and mantle are greenish, the wings are bright blue, and the vent is reddish.[9] The bill is black, eyes are brown and the legs pale pink.[10] It has a very short tail.[11][12] Juveniles have similar patterned plumage but are duller. It resembles the mangrove pitta but can be distinguished by its shorter bill. The loud call has been transcribed as taew-laew taew-laew.[9]

Distribution and habitat

The blue-winged pitta is regularly found in Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, and has been found to be vagrant in Australia, Christmas Island, Taiwan and Hong Kong.[1] Habitat is lowland subtropical and tropical forests.[13]

P. moluccensis is found in a variety of habitats, up to an altitude of 800 m (2500 ft), including broadleaved forests, parks and gardens, and mangroves,[9] though avoids dense rainforest.[11]

The range is much of southeast Asia and Indochina, from central Myanmar east through Thailand and into peninsular Malaysia.[11] P. moluccensis is a winter visitor to Borneo and Sumatra, and a vagrant to the Philippines and Java.[14] It is a rare vagrant to the northwestern coast of Australia.[10]

Diet

The blue-winged pitta mostly feeds on worms and insects, hunting them on the ground or from a low branch or perch.[11][15] They also eat hard-shelled snails.[15][16][17]

Breeding

At breeding time, the blue-winged pitta builds a large nest, usually on the ground, made of twigs, roots, grasses, leaves and mosses. The spherical and untidy nest has a side entrance and is often found between tree roots near water.[12] In its breeding range in peninsular Malaysia, the blue-winged pitta lays eggs between early May and late July each year.[18] The female lays 4-6 white or cream-coloured eggs with purple markings, and both parents take turns incubating the eggs for 15–17 days.[12]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2012). "Pitta moluccensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  2. ^ Statius Müller, Philipp Ludwig (1776). Des Ritters Carl von Linné Königlich Schwedischen Lelbarztes uc. uc. vollständigen Natursystems Supplements und Register-Band über alle sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs mit einer ausführlichen Erklärung ausgefertiget. Nuremberg: Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe. p. 144.
  3. ^ Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de; Martinet, François-Nicolas (1765–1783). Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 3. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 257, "Merle des Moluques".
  4. ^ a b Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 8. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 326.
  5. ^ Deignan, Herbert G. (1963). "Checklist of the birds of Thailand". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 226 (226): 1–263 [98]. doi:10.5479/si.03629236.226.1.
  6. ^ Vieillot, Louis Jean Pierre (1816). Analyse d'une Nouvelle Ornithologie Élémentaire (in French). Paris: Deterville/self. p. 42, Num. 137.
  7. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "NZ wrens, broadbills & pittas". World Bird List Version 8.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  8. ^ "Blue-winged Pitta (Pitta moluccensis)". Internet Bird Collection. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  9. ^ a b c Robson, Craig (2005). New Holland field guide to the birds of South-East Asia. Kenthurst, New South Wales: New Holland Publishers. p. 76. ISBN 1-84330-746-4. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  10. ^ a b Slater, Peter (1978) [1974]. A field guide to Australian birds: passerines. Adelaide: Rigby. p. 86. ISBN 0-85179-813-6.
  11. ^ a b c d Strange, Morten (2000). Photographic Guide to the Birds of Southeast Asia including the Philippines & Borneo. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 220. ISBN 0-691-11494-3. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  12. ^ a b c Blue-Winged Pitta 2015-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, Animal Database at KidsBiology.com. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  13. ^ "Blue-winged Pitta, Pitta moluccensis". BirdLife International. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  14. ^ Strange, Morten (2003). Photographic Guide to the Birds of Indonesia. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 221. ISBN 0-691-11495-1. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  15. ^ a b Khor, Nelson. "Blue Winged Pitta Success Nesting". slideshow by Nelson Khor at pbase.com. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  16. ^ DSC_8612 Blue-winged Pitta (Pitta moluccensis). Flickr photo. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  17. ^ DSC_8671Blue-winged Pitta (Pitta moluccensis). Flickr photo. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  18. ^ Hutchinson, Robert and Mears, Andy. "Extension of the breeding range of Blue-winged Pitta (Pitta moluccensis) in peninsular Malaysia" Forktail 22: 119–120 (2006). Article hosted at orientalbirdclub.org. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

External links

  •   Media related to Pitta moluccensis at Wikimedia Commons
  •   Data related to Pitta moluccensis at Wikispecies

February 22, 2023
blue, winged, pitta, blue, winged, pitta, pitta, moluccensis, passerine, bird, family, pittidae, forms, superspecies, with, three, other, pittas, indian, pitta, brachyura, fairy, pitta, nympha, mangrove, pitta, megarhyncha, colourful, bird, black, head, with, . The blue winged pitta Pitta moluccensis is a passerine bird in the family Pittidae It forms a superspecies with three other pittas the Indian pitta P brachyura the fairy pitta P nympha and the mangrove pitta P megarhyncha A colourful bird it has a black head with a buff stripe above the eye a white collar greenish upper parts blue wings buff underparts and a reddish vent area Its range extends from India to Malaysia Indonesia southern China and the Philippines Its habitat is moist woodland parks and gardens and it avoids dense forest It feeds mainly on insects and worms It breeds in the spring building an untidy spherical nest on the ground often near water and between tree roots A clutch of about five eggs is laid and incubated by both parents hatching after about sixteen days Blue winged pitta source source Conservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily PittidaeGenus PittaSpecies P moluccensisBinomial namePitta moluccensis Statius Muller 1776 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Diet 5 Breeding 6 References 7 External linksTaxonomy EditThe blue winged pitta was described by the German naturalist Philipp Ludwig Statius Muller in 1776 and given the binomial name Turdus moluccensis 2 Statius Muller s description was based on a plate showing the Merle des Moluques published by Comte de Buffon in his Planches Enluminees D Histoire Naturelle 3 4 The French name and the specific epithet moluccensis refer to the Moluccas the Maluku Islands This was an error as the range of the species does not extend as far east The type locality was amended in 1963 to Malacca on the Malay Peninsula 5 4 The species is now placed in the genus Pitta that was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816 6 The species is monotypic 7 The blue winged pitta forms a superspecies with the Indian pitta P brachyura fairy pitta P nympha and mangrove pitta P megarhyncha Alternate common names include lesser blue winged pitta the little blue winged pitta the Moluccan pitta the breve a ailes bleues French the Kleine Blauflugelpitta German and the pita aliazul Spanish 8 Description Edit Sunning with spread wings Measuring 180 to 205 mm 7 1 8 1 in in length the blue winged pitta has a black head with a buff coloured supercilium white chin and buff underparts The shoulders and mantle are greenish the wings are bright blue and the vent is reddish 9 The bill is black eyes are brown and the legs pale pink 10 It has a very short tail 11 12 Juveniles have similar patterned plumage but are duller It resembles the mangrove pitta but can be distinguished by its shorter bill The loud call has been transcribed as taew laew taew laew 9 Distribution and habitat EditThe blue winged pitta is regularly found in Brunei Cambodia China India Indonesia Laos Malaysia Myanmar the Philippines Singapore Thailand and Vietnam and has been found to be vagrant in Australia Christmas Island Taiwan and Hong Kong 1 Habitat is lowland subtropical and tropical forests 13 P moluccensis is found in a variety of habitats up to an altitude of 800 m 2500 ft including broadleaved forests parks and gardens and mangroves 9 though avoids dense rainforest 11 The range is much of southeast Asia and Indochina from central Myanmar east through Thailand and into peninsular Malaysia 11 P moluccensis is a winter visitor to Borneo and Sumatra and a vagrant to the Philippines and Java 14 It is a rare vagrant to the northwestern coast of Australia 10 Diet EditThe blue winged pitta mostly feeds on worms and insects hunting them on the ground or from a low branch or perch 11 15 They also eat hard shelled snails 15 16 17 Breeding EditAt breeding time the blue winged pitta builds a large nest usually on the ground made of twigs roots grasses leaves and mosses The spherical and untidy nest has a side entrance and is often found between tree roots near water 12 In its breeding range in peninsular Malaysia the blue winged pitta lays eggs between early May and late July each year 18 The female lays 4 6 white or cream coloured eggs with purple markings and both parents take turns incubating the eggs for 15 17 days 12 References Edit a b BirdLife International 2012 Pitta moluccensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012 Retrieved 27 August 2015 old form url Statius Muller Philipp Ludwig 1776 Des Ritters Carl von Linne Koniglich Schwedischen Lelbarztes uc uc vollstandigen Natursystems Supplements und Register Band uber alle sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs mit einer ausfuhrlichen Erklarung ausgefertiget Nuremberg Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe p 144 Buffon Georges Louis Leclerc de Martinet Francois Nicolas 1765 1783 Planches Enluminees D Histoire Naturelle Vol 3 Paris De L Imprimerie Royale Plate 257 Merle des Moluques a b Traylor Melvin A Jr ed 1979 Check list of Birds of the World Vol 8 Cambridge Massachusetts Museum of Comparative Zoology p 326 Deignan Herbert G 1963 Checklist of the birds of Thailand Bulletin of the United States National Museum 226 226 1 263 98 doi 10 5479 si 03629236 226 1 Vieillot Louis Jean Pierre 1816 Analyse d une Nouvelle Ornithologie Elementaire in French Paris Deterville self p 42 Num 137 Gill Frank Donsker David eds 2019 NZ wrens broadbills amp pittas World Bird List Version 8 2 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 16 January 2019 Blue winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis Internet Bird Collection Retrieved 27 August 2015 a b c Robson Craig 2005 New Holland field guide to the birds of South East Asia Kenthurst New South Wales New Holland Publishers p 76 ISBN 1 84330 746 4 Retrieved 27 August 2015 a b Slater Peter 1978 1974 A field guide to Australian birds passerines Adelaide Rigby p 86 ISBN 0 85179 813 6 a b c d Strange Morten 2000 Photographic Guide to the Birds of Southeast Asia including the Philippines amp Borneo Princeton NJ Princeton University Press p 220 ISBN 0 691 11494 3 Retrieved 27 August 2015 a b c Blue Winged Pitta Archived 2015 06 27 at the Wayback Machine Animal Database at KidsBiology com Retrieved 27 August 2015 Blue winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis BirdLife International Retrieved 27 August 2015 Strange Morten 2003 Photographic Guide to the Birds of Indonesia Princeton NJ Princeton University Press p 221 ISBN 0 691 11495 1 Retrieved 27 August 2015 a b Khor Nelson Blue Winged Pitta Success Nesting slideshow by Nelson Khor at pbase com Retrieved 27 August 2015 DSC 8612 Blue winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis Flickr photo Retrieved 27 August 2015 DSC 8671Blue winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis Flickr photo Retrieved 27 August 2015 Hutchinson Robert and Mears Andy Extension of the breeding range of Blue winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis in peninsular Malaysia Forktail 22 119 120 2006 Article hosted at orientalbirdclub org Retrieved 27 August 2015 External links Edit Media related to Pitta moluccensis at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pitta moluccensis at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Blue winged pitta amp oldid 1121624972, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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