Biographical Dictionary of Republican China is a biographical dictionary in four-volumes, often abbreviated as BDRC or referred to as "Boorman." It was published from 1967 to 1971 by Columbia University Press, edited by Howard L. Boorman, Director of the Research Project on Men and Politics in Modern China at Columbia University, with Richard C. Howard and O. Edmund Clubb. It includes 600 biographical articles written by some seventy-five contributors on men and women prominent in China's Republican period (1911-1949). Their careers are followed beyond 1949, some until 1966. More than half of the subjects are in politics, military, diplomacy or administration; a little more than a quarter intellectuals, such as scholars, journalists, propagandists; 10.8% in the arts; 7% in professions such as doctors, jurists, and clergy; and only 6.2% in business.[1]
Volume IV includes bibliographical references for all volumes. A fifth volume, A Personal Name Index, compiled by Jane Krompart, is a full name-index to the biographies in the first four volumes, with Chinese characters for more than 90% of the Chinese names, references to three other English-language biographical dictionaries, and the dates of death for those who died since the original entries.[2]
John K. Fairbank reviewed the first volume in the American Historical Review He noted that Boorman had retired from the Foreign Service and now worked at Columbia University, where Martin Wilbur had created an oral history project.[3] Fairbank compared Boorman's project to Arthur W. Hummel Sr.'s two-volume Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912), which he called the "chief vestibule to Chinese history in modern times." In comparison, Boorman "has been able to surmount some appalling difficulties." Eminent Chinese, he said, had the advantage of biographical data generated in stable forms by the imperial bureaucracy and the imperial examination system. But the Republican period was divided into the Peking government and warlord period (1912-1928) and the Nationalist period (1928–1949), each with a number of political parties and conflicting social and cultural systems.[4]
The French Marxist historian Jean Chesneaux congratulated Boorman and his colleagues for including not only political and intellectual figures, but also bourgeois professionals and non-Han subjects. He then criticized the overemphasis on figures with ties to the West, an "optical error" coming from the fact that so many of the contributors were themselves Chinese scholars living in the United States. He regretted that coverage focused on careers without discussion of views or significance, especially on figues on the left. He suggested that the coverage should also have included influential foreigners whose careers were important for Chinese history; the only such representation was a six column article, "Lei Ming-yuan" (Father Vincent Lebbe).[5] The historian Lucien Bianco said it was unfortunate that the articles were not signed, although contributors might have felt protected when writing on controversial figures. He found that the selection was tilted toward liberals and the "third force," many of whom were among the contributors to the volume, also a difference in the relative length of the articles in favor of Guomindang figures and scientists, as opposed to communists, writers, and artists. Still, he said, these were "cavils."[6]
Professor David Lindenfeld found that nearly half of the figures in these volumes had studied abroad, but the selection was not "plutocratic," showing that the educational system offered the chance for upward mobility. Some 10% were Christian. Lindenfeld used the BDRC data on birth, family background, education, and so forth to argue that the differences between Christians and non-Christians were "not as great as one might expect."[7]
Another reviewer suggested a sixth volume with a topical index would be desirable, but added that this would be "greedy."[8]
Christian Henriot, while commenting on the BDRC "served generations of China historians as the main reference work one would turn to to seek biographical information when studying the Republican period," added that while scholars continue to rely on it, among students it is very likely that the BDRC is "no longer a resource," since "the internet-born generation will more likely rely on digital resources and tools and Google and Wikipedia, not to mention their Chinese avatar like Baidu." He hoped that his X-Boorman project, putting the BDRC online with pinyin romanization would remedy this situation.[9]
X-Boorman digital revival 2021Edit
In 2021, X-Boorman: a digital revival announced "X-Boorman", a project of Elites, Networks and Power in modern China. The project allows entrance into BDRC original articles and produces data sets and a graph visualization instrument to feed into the Modern China Biographical Database.[10]
VolumesEdit
Boorman, Howard L., ed. (1967), Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Volume I: Ai-Ch'ü, Richard C. Howard, Associate Editor, New York: Columbia University Press, ISBN0231089589. Online at Internet Archive here.
——, ed. (1970), Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol II Dali-Ma, Richard C. Howard, Associate Editor, New York: Columbia University Press Online at Internet Archive here
——, ed. (1970), Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol III Mao-Wu, et al., New York: Columbia University Press, ISBN0231045581 Online at Internet Archive here.
——, ed. (1971), Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol IV Yang-Yun Bibliography, Richard C. Howard, Associate Editor, Bibliography by Joseph K.H. Cheng, New York: Columbia University Press Online at Internet Archive here.
Krompart, Jane (1979). Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol V: A Personal Name Index. New York: Columbia University Press.
Further readingEdit
Armand, Cécile, and Christian Henriot. "Chapter 3 X-Boorman: The Biographical Dictionary of Republican China in the Digital Age". In Knowledge, Power, and Networks, (Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2022) doi: 10.1163/9789004520479_004
^Lindenfeld, David (2013). "China's Prominent Christians a Prosopographical Analysis of the Biographical Dictionary of Republican China". World History Connected. 10 (1): 21–.
^Jenner, William (1980), "Review", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland, 112 (1): 111, doi:10.1017/S0035869X00136214, S2CID 162725644
Henriot, Christian (25 January 2021), "The Boorman Factory", PEERS
September 01, 2023
biographical, dictionary, republican, china, biographical, dictionary, four, volumes, often, abbreviated, bdrc, referred, boorman, published, from, 1967, 1971, columbia, university, press, edited, howard, boorman, director, research, project, politics, modern,. Biographical Dictionary of Republican China is a biographical dictionary in four volumes often abbreviated as BDRC or referred to as Boorman It was published from 1967 to 1971 by Columbia University Press edited by Howard L Boorman Director of the Research Project on Men and Politics in Modern China at Columbia University with Richard C Howard and O Edmund Clubb It includes 600 biographical articles written by some seventy five contributors on men and women prominent in China s Republican period 1911 1949 Their careers are followed beyond 1949 some until 1966 More than half of the subjects are in politics military diplomacy or administration a little more than a quarter intellectuals such as scholars journalists propagandists 10 8 in the arts 7 in professions such as doctors jurists and clergy and only 6 2 in business 1 Volume IV includes bibliographical references for all volumes A fifth volume A Personal Name Index compiled by Jane Krompart is a full name index to the biographies in the first four volumes with Chinese characters for more than 90 of the Chinese names references to three other English language biographical dictionaries and the dates of death for those who died since the original entries 2 Contents 1 Reception 2 X Boorman digital revival 2021 3 Volumes 4 Further reading 5 Notes 6 External linksReception EditJohn K Fairbank reviewed the first volume in the American Historical Review He noted that Boorman had retired from the Foreign Service and now worked at Columbia University where Martin Wilbur had created an oral history project 3 Fairbank compared Boorman s project to Arthur W Hummel Sr s two volume Eminent Chinese of the Ch ing Period 1644 1912 which he called the chief vestibule to Chinese history in modern times In comparison Boorman has been able to surmount some appalling difficulties Eminent Chinese he said had the advantage of biographical data generated in stable forms by the imperial bureaucracy and the imperial examination system But the Republican period was divided into the Peking government and warlord period 1912 1928 and the Nationalist period 1928 1949 each with a number of political parties and conflicting social and cultural systems 4 The French Marxist historian Jean Chesneaux congratulated Boorman and his colleagues for including not only political and intellectual figures but also bourgeois professionals and non Han subjects He then criticized the overemphasis on figures with ties to the West an optical error coming from the fact that so many of the contributors were themselves Chinese scholars living in the United States He regretted that coverage focused on careers without discussion of views or significance especially on figues on the left He suggested that the coverage should also have included influential foreigners whose careers were important for Chinese history the only such representation was a six column article Lei Ming yuan Father Vincent Lebbe 5 The historian Lucien Bianco said it was unfortunate that the articles were not signed although contributors might have felt protected when writing on controversial figures He found that the selection was tilted toward liberals and the third force many of whom were among the contributors to the volume also a difference in the relative length of the articles in favor of Guomindang figures and scientists as opposed to communists writers and artists Still he said these were cavils 6 Professor David Lindenfeld found that nearly half of the figures in these volumes had studied abroad but the selection was not plutocratic showing that the educational system offered the chance for upward mobility Some 10 were Christian Lindenfeld used the BDRC data on birth family background education and so forth to argue that the differences between Christians and non Christians were not as great as one might expect 7 Another reviewer suggested a sixth volume with a topical index would be desirable but added that this would be greedy 8 Christian Henriot while commenting on the BDRC served generations of China historians as the main reference work one would turn to to seek biographical information when studying the Republican period added that while scholars continue to rely on it among students it is very likely that the BDRC is no longer a resource since the internet born generation will more likely rely on digital resources and tools and Google and Wikipedia not to mention their Chinese avatar like Baidu He hoped that his X Boorman project putting the BDRC online with pinyin romanization would remedy this situation 9 X Boorman digital revival 2021 EditIn 2021 X Boorman a digital revival announced X Boorman a project of Elites Networks and Power in modern China The project allows entrance into BDRC original articles and produces data sets and a graph visualization instrument to feed into the Modern China Biographical Database 10 Volumes EditBoorman Howard L ed 1967 Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Volume I Ai Ch u Richard C Howard Associate Editor New York Columbia University Press ISBN 0231089589 Online at Internet Archive here ed 1970 Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol II Dali Ma Richard C Howard Associate Editor New York Columbia University Press Online at Internet Archive here ed 1970 Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol III Mao Wu et al New York Columbia University Press ISBN 0231045581 Online at Internet Archive here ed 1971 Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol IV Yang Yun Bibliography Richard C Howard Associate Editor Bibliography by Joseph K H Cheng New York Columbia University Press Online at Internet Archive here Krompart Jane 1979 Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Vol V A Personal Name Index New York Columbia University Press Further reading EditArmand Cecile and Christian Henriot Chapter 3 X Boorman The Biographical Dictionary of Republican China in the Digital Age In Knowledge Power and Networks Leiden The Netherlands Brill 2022 doi 10 1163 9789004520479 004Notes Edit Lindenfeld 2013 Jenner 1980 Fairbank 1967 Fairbank John December 1967 Review The American Historical Review 73 2 565 566 doi 10 1086 ahr 73 2 565 Chesneaux Jean 1970 Review T oung Pao Second Series 56 1 3 211 13 JSTOR 4527811 retrieved February 13 2021 Bianco Lucien 1968 Review Annales Economies societes civilisations 23 5 1133 1135 doi 10 1017 S0395264900106833 S2CID 191721385 Lindenfeld David 2013 China s Prominent Christians a Prosopographical Analysis of the Biographical Dictionary of Republican China World History Connected 10 1 21 Jenner William 1980 Review Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain amp Ireland 112 1 111 doi 10 1017 S0035869X00136214 S2CID 162725644 Henriot 2021 X Boorman a digital revivalExternal links EditHenriot Christian 25 January 2021 The Boorman Factory PEERS Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Biographical Dictionary of Republican China amp oldid 1151136930, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
