The Biak paradise kingfisher (Tanysiptera riedelii) is a tree kingfisher that is endemic to the Indonesian island of Biak which is one of a small group of islands located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua. This bird has a turquoise-blue back with a white belly and tail streamers and a reddish beak. Its natural habitat is forests and the IUCN has assessed its conservation status as being "near-threatened".
The adult Biak paradise kingfisher is about 14 in (36 cm) including its long tail. The crown, nape and sides of the head as well as the upper parts are a bright glossy turquoise-blue. The rump and the basal parts of the rectrices are white and the underwings are black. The two central tail feathers are greatly elongated and have bare shafts which flare out at the tip into racket-like lobes. The bird's underparts are white and the long, stout bill is red.[2][3]
Distributionedit
The Biak paradise kingfisher is found only on the island of Biak in Indonesia.[1] It seems that these birds originated from a few founding T. galatea birds which arrived on the island and became isolated from the mainland birds. These then underwent a "genetic revolution".[4] There were no particular biotic factors involved, but there was sufficient variation among the founding birds to encourage speciation, and the assortment of genes that the birds received was later undisturbed by further inflow of alien genes.[4]
Ecologyedit
The adult Biak paradise kingfisher has been little studied but its diet and behaviour are thought to be similar to the closely related common paradise kingfisher (Tanysiptera galatea) which is found on the mainland of New Guinea. Some authorities consider it to be subspecies of that bird.[5] The common paradise kingfisher perches on a low branch in the forest and swoops down to scoop up insects and earthworms off the forest floor. It nests in a cavity of a tree, in a hollow branch or in a hole excavated in an arboreal termite nest.[2]
Statusedit
The Biak paradise kingfisher has a small range but is fairly common on the island where it lives. Its forest habitat is under threat from logging but there are large parts of the island that have not yet been harvested. It seems able to adapt to secondary growth forest but may be only present in areas with tall trees. The International Union for Conservation of Nature considers it likely that the population trend is downwards and has assessed its conservation status as being "near-threatened".[1]
Referencesedit
^ abcBirdLife International (2016). "Tanysiptera riedelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22683587A92990676. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22683587A92990676.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
^ abManci, William E. (2001). Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World. Marshall Cavendish. p. 758. ISBN978-0-7614-7200-1.
^Beehler, Bruce M.; Pratt, Thane K. (2016). Birds of New Guinea: Distribution, Taxonomy, and Systematics. Princeton University Press. p. 223. ISBN978-1-4008-8071-3.
^ abMayr, Ernst (1997). Evolution and the Diversity of Life: Selected Essays. Harvard University Press. pp. 201–202. ISBN978-0-674-27105-0.
^Fry, C. Hilary; Fry, Kathie (2010). Kingfishers, Bee-eaters and Rollers. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 114. ISBN978-1-4081-3457-3.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tanysiptera riedelii.
Wikispecies has information related to Tanysiptera riedelii.
BirdLife Species Factsheet
January 01, 1970
biak, paradise, kingfisher, tanysiptera, riedelii, tree, kingfisher, that, endemic, indonesian, island, biak, which, small, group, islands, located, cenderawasih, near, northern, coast, papua, this, bird, turquoise, blue, back, with, white, belly, tail, stream. The Biak paradise kingfisher Tanysiptera riedelii is a tree kingfisher that is endemic to the Indonesian island of Biak which is one of a small group of islands located in Cenderawasih Bay near the northern coast of Papua This bird has a turquoise blue back with a white belly and tail streamers and a reddish beak Its natural habitat is forests and the IUCN has assessed its conservation status as being near threatened Biak paradise kingfisher Conservation status Near Threatened IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Coraciiformes Family Alcedinidae Subfamily Halcyoninae Genus Tanysiptera Species T riedelii Binomial name Tanysiptera riedeliiVerreaux 1866 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 Status 5 References 6 External linksDescription editThe adult Biak paradise kingfisher is about 14 in 36 cm including its long tail The crown nape and sides of the head as well as the upper parts are a bright glossy turquoise blue The rump and the basal parts of the rectrices are white and the underwings are black The two central tail feathers are greatly elongated and have bare shafts which flare out at the tip into racket like lobes The bird s underparts are white and the long stout bill is red 2 3 Distribution editThe Biak paradise kingfisher is found only on the island of Biak in Indonesia 1 It seems that these birds originated from a few founding T galatea birds which arrived on the island and became isolated from the mainland birds These then underwent a genetic revolution 4 There were no particular biotic factors involved but there was sufficient variation among the founding birds to encourage speciation and the assortment of genes that the birds received was later undisturbed by further inflow of alien genes 4 Ecology editThe adult Biak paradise kingfisher has been little studied but its diet and behaviour are thought to be similar to the closely related common paradise kingfisher Tanysiptera galatea which is found on the mainland of New Guinea Some authorities consider it to be subspecies of that bird 5 The common paradise kingfisher perches on a low branch in the forest and swoops down to scoop up insects and earthworms off the forest floor It nests in a cavity of a tree in a hollow branch or in a hole excavated in an arboreal termite nest 2 Status editThe Biak paradise kingfisher has a small range but is fairly common on the island where it lives Its forest habitat is under threat from logging but there are large parts of the island that have not yet been harvested It seems able to adapt to secondary growth forest but may be only present in areas with tall trees The International Union for Conservation of Nature considers it likely that the population trend is downwards and has assessed its conservation status as being near threatened 1 References edit a b c BirdLife International 2016 Tanysiptera riedelii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22683587A92990676 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22683587A92990676 en Retrieved 11 November 2021 a b Manci William E 2001 Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World Marshall Cavendish p 758 ISBN 978 0 7614 7200 1 Beehler Bruce M Pratt Thane K 2016 Birds of New Guinea Distribution Taxonomy and Systematics Princeton University Press p 223 ISBN 978 1 4008 8071 3 a b Mayr Ernst 1997 Evolution and the Diversity of Life Selected Essays Harvard University Press pp 201 202 ISBN 978 0 674 27105 0 Fry C Hilary Fry Kathie 2010 Kingfishers Bee eaters and Rollers Bloomsbury Publishing p 114 ISBN 978 1 4081 3457 3 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tanysiptera riedelii nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Tanysiptera riedelii BirdLife Species Factsheet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Biak paradise kingfisher amp oldid 1172727628, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
