Beidi Commandery (Chinese: 北地郡; lit. 'Northern Land') was a commandery of the Qin and Han dynasties of China, located in what is now Ningxia. Its seat was Maling (馬領) during the Western Han period and Fuping (富平, near modern Wuzhong, Ningxia) during the Eastern Han.[1]
History
Beidi Commandery was created in 271 BC, when the Qin annexed the lands of the Yiqu people. In late Western Han period, the commandery administered 19 counties: Maling (馬領), Zhilu (直路), Lingwu (靈武), Fuping (富平), Lingzhou (靈州), Xuyan (昫衍), Fangqu (方渠), Chudao (除道), Wujie (五街), Chungu (鶉孤), Guide (歸德), Huihuo (回獲), Luepandao (略畔道), Niyang (泥陽), Yuzhi (郁郅), Yiqudao (義渠道), Yiju (弋居), Dayi (大呓) and Lian (廉). The total population in 2 AD was 210,688 (64,461 households).[2] The Eastern Han census in 140 AD, however, documented a popolation of only 18,637 (3,122 households), and the number of counties had reduced to 6.[3]
The commandery was located on the Han dynasty's northern frontier. From 87 to 96 AD, a large number of Xiongnu people were settled in the commandery.[4] Due to attacks by the Qiang people, the commandery's administration was relocated to Zuopingyi (in modern Shaanxi) from 111 to 129. The original territories of Beidi were eventually abandoned in 141 after another wave of Qiang attacks.[5]
The Beidi Commandery of Cao Wei and Western Jin dynasties was located in modern Shaanxi. It administered 2 counties, Niyang and Fuping, and had a population of 2,600 households in 280 AD.[6]
References
^Ma, Menglong (2021). "A Study of the Governance of Longxi, Beidi and Shang Commanderies in the Early Western Han Dynasty". The Chinese Historical Geography. 41 (2): 16–30. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
^Psarras, Sophia-Karin (2004). "Han and Xiongnu: a reexamination of cultural and political relations". Monumenta Serica. 52: 37–93. doi:10.1080/02549948.2004.11731409. JSTOR 40727309. S2CID 193415523. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
^Beck, B. J. Mansvelt (1990). The Treatises of Later Han: Their Author, Sources, Contents and Place in Chinese Historiography. Brill. p. 194. ISBN9789004482845. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
beidi, commandery, chinese, 北地郡, northern, land, commandery, dynasties, china, located, what, ningxia, seat, maling, 馬領, during, western, period, fuping, 富平, near, modern, wuzhong, ningxia, during, eastern, history, edit, created, when, annexed, lands, yiqu, p. Beidi Commandery Chinese 北地郡 lit Northern Land was a commandery of the Qin and Han dynasties of China located in what is now Ningxia Its seat was Maling 馬領 during the Western Han period and Fuping 富平 near modern Wuzhong Ningxia during the Eastern Han 1 History EditBeidi Commandery was created in 271 BC when the Qin annexed the lands of the Yiqu people In late Western Han period the commandery administered 19 counties Maling 馬領 Zhilu 直路 Lingwu 靈武 Fuping 富平 Lingzhou 靈州 Xuyan 昫衍 Fangqu 方渠 Chudao 除道 Wujie 五街 Chungu 鶉孤 Guide 歸德 Huihuo 回獲 Luepandao 略畔道 Niyang 泥陽 Yuzhi 郁郅 Yiqudao 義渠道 Yiju 弋居 Dayi 大呓 and Lian 廉 The total population in 2 AD was 210 688 64 461 households 2 The Eastern Han census in 140 AD however documented a popolation of only 18 637 3 122 households and the number of counties had reduced to 6 3 The commandery was located on the Han dynasty s northern frontier From 87 to 96 AD a large number of Xiongnu people were settled in the commandery 4 Due to attacks by the Qiang people the commandery s administration was relocated to Zuopingyi in modern Shaanxi from 111 to 129 The original territories of Beidi were eventually abandoned in 141 after another wave of Qiang attacks 5 The Beidi Commandery of Cao Wei and Western Jin dynasties was located in modern Shaanxi It administered 2 counties Niyang and Fuping and had a population of 2 600 households in 280 AD 6 References Edit Ma Menglong 2021 A Study of the Governance of Longxi Beidi and Shang Commanderies in the Early Western Han Dynasty The Chinese Historical Geography 41 2 16 30 Retrieved 18 March 2022 Book of Han Chapter 28 Book of Later Han Chapter 113 Psarras Sophia Karin 2004 Han and Xiongnu a reexamination of cultural and political relations Monumenta Serica 52 37 93 doi 10 1080 02549948 2004 11731409 JSTOR 40727309 S2CID 193415523 Retrieved 18 March 2022 Beck B J Mansvelt 1990 The Treatises of Later Han Their Author Sources Contents and Place in Chinese Historiography Brill p 194 ISBN 9789004482845 Retrieved 18 March 2022 Book of Jin Chapter 14 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Beidi Commandery amp oldid 1109899887, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
