The Battle of Basiani was fought, in the 13th century, between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the SeljuqidSultanate of Rum in the Basiani valley, 60 km northeast of the city of Erzurum in what is now northeast Republic of Turkey. The battle is variously dated between 1202 and 1205, but 1203 or 1204 has lately been given preference. The contemporary Muslim chronicler Ibn Bibi places the battle in 598 AH (October 1, 1201 – September 19, 1202). The modern Turkish historians identify the castle of Micingerd (Mazankert) as the location of the battle.
The battle was one of those several conflicts between the Georgian monarchs and the Seljuqid rulers of Anatolia that fill the region’s history of the 11th–13th century. It marked yet another attempt by the Seljuqids to stem the Georgian advances southward. The story of this conflict is narrated in the contemporary Georgian, Armenian and Islamic sources.
The sultan of Rüm, Rukn ad-Din Süleymanshah II (c. 1196–1204), fought hard, with considerable success, to reassemble a once vast state fragmentized under his late father Kilij Arslan II. Initially, his relations with the neighboring kingdom of Georgia were ostensibly peaceful, including the exchange of embassies and precious gifts. However, Süleymanshah’s 1201 takeover of Erzurum whose last Saltukid ruler (malik) Ala ad-Din Muhammed was, at that time, a tributary to the Georgian crown, brought Süleymanshah II into an inevitable confrontation with the Georgians. The sultan further resented a tribute levied by the Georgian rulers upon the neighboring Muslim beyliks and requested its withdrawal in an ultimatum presented to the Georgian Queen regnantTamar. According to the Georgian chronicle, Süleymanshah’s emissary delivered a highly offending letter to Tamar in which the sultan threatened to take her as a concubine upon his conquest of Georgia, and got slapped by Zakaria Mkhargrdzeli. According to medieval scholar who was watching this negotiations, Süleymanshah’s emissary was knocked out and "lying down like dead".
Approximate dates of Georgian control. Mouseover for name. Blue circle=Capital Black dot=Georgian held cities and fortresses Red dot=Sultanate of Rum X=Major battle
Süleymanshah, joined by his vassal beys, crossed into the Georgian marchlands and encamped in the Basiani valley. Tamar quickly marshaled an army throughout her possessions and put it under command of her consort, David Soslan. From their base in Javakheti, the Georgian troops under Soslan and amirspasalarZakaria Mkhargrdzeli made a sudden advance into Basiani and assailed the enemy’s camp. In a pitched battle, the Seljuqid forces managed to roll back several attacks of the Georgians but were eventually overwhelmed and defeated. Loss of the sultan's banner to the Georgians resulted in a panic within the Seljuq ranks. Süleymanshah himself was wounded and withdrew to Erzurum.
Aftermath
The Georgians captured Rukn ad-Din Süleymanshah II's brother, who was later exchanged for one horseshoe. This action demonstrated that Tamar held absolute power in the Caucasus, Anatolia, Armenian Highlands, Shirvan and western parts of the Black Sea. The victory at Basiani allowed Georgia to secure its positions on the southwest and keep the Seljuqid resurgence in check. Soon after the battle, the Kingdom of Georgia invaded Trebizond to create a state. Tamar gave power to Alexios I of Trebizond, who was her sister's husband. Therefore the Kingdom of Georgia effectively created a buffer zone between Turkish states and feudal Georgian lands.
References
Sources
(in Georgian) D. Ivane Javakhishvili, (1983), ქართველი ერის ისტორია (History of Georgian Nation), [1] Tbilisi: Georgia, USSR.
(in Georgian)Melikishvili, Giorgiet al. (1970), საქართველოს ისტორიის ნარკვევები (Studies in the History of Georgia), Vol. 2.[permanent dead link] Tbilisi: Sabch’ota Sakartvelo.
(in Turkish) Osman Turan, Selçuklular Zamaninda Türkiye, Istanbul, 1971
(in Russian) V. Dondua et al. (transl., 1985), Жизнь царицы цариц Тамар (The Life of the Queen of Queens Tamar), Commentaries by N. Berdzenishvili. Tbilisi: Metsniereba
January 07, 2023
battle, basiani, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, july, 2022, learn, when, re. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Battle of Basiani was fought in the 13th century between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Seljuqid Sultanate of Rum in the Basiani valley 60 km northeast of the city of Erzurum in what is now northeast Republic of Turkey The battle is variously dated between 1202 and 1205 but 1203 or 1204 has lately been given preference The contemporary Muslim chronicler Ibn Bibi places the battle in 598 AH October 1 1201 September 19 1202 The modern Turkish historians identify the castle of Micingerd Mazankert as the location of the battle Battle of BasianiPart of the Georgian Seljuk warsDateJuly 27 1202LocationNear Basiani present day Pasinler Turkey 39 58 47 N 41 40 32 E 39 97972 N 41 67556 E 39 97972 41 67556 Coordinates 39 58 47 N 41 40 32 E 39 97972 N 41 67556 E 39 97972 41 67556ResultGeorgian victoryBelligerents Kingdom of GeorgiaSultanate of RumCommanders and leadersDavid SoslanZakaria MkhargrdzeliShalva of AkhaltsikheSuleymanshah II Contents 1 Background 2 The battle 3 Aftermath 4 References 5 SourcesBackground EditThe battle was one of those several conflicts between the Georgian monarchs and the Seljuqid rulers of Anatolia that fill the region s history of the 11th 13th century It marked yet another attempt by the Seljuqids to stem the Georgian advances southward The story of this conflict is narrated in the contemporary Georgian Armenian and Islamic sources The sultan of Rum Rukn ad Din Suleymanshah II c 1196 1204 fought hard with considerable success to reassemble a once vast state fragmentized under his late father Kilij Arslan II Initially his relations with the neighboring kingdom of Georgia were ostensibly peaceful including the exchange of embassies and precious gifts However Suleymanshah s 1201 takeover of Erzurum whose last Saltukid ruler malik Ala ad Din Muhammed was at that time a tributary to the Georgian crown brought Suleymanshah II into an inevitable confrontation with the Georgians The sultan further resented a tribute levied by the Georgian rulers upon the neighboring Muslim beyliks and requested its withdrawal in an ultimatum presented to the Georgian Queen regnant Tamar According to the Georgian chronicle Suleymanshah s emissary delivered a highly offending letter to Tamar in which the sultan threatened to take her as a concubine upon his conquest of Georgia and got slapped by Zakaria Mkhargrdzeli According to medieval scholar who was watching this negotiations Suleymanshah s emissary was knocked out and lying down like dead The battle Edit Tbilisi Vardzia Erzurum Battle of Basianiclass notpageimage Approximate dates of Georgian control Mouseover for name Blue circle CapitalBlack dot Georgian held cities and fortressesRed dot Sultanate of RumX Major battle Suleymanshah joined by his vassal beys crossed into the Georgian marchlands and encamped in the Basiani valley Tamar quickly marshaled an army throughout her possessions and put it under command of her consort David Soslan From their base in Javakheti the Georgian troops under Soslan and amirspasalar Zakaria Mkhargrdzeli made a sudden advance into Basiani and assailed the enemy s camp In a pitched battle the Seljuqid forces managed to roll back several attacks of the Georgians but were eventually overwhelmed and defeated Loss of the sultan s banner to the Georgians resulted in a panic within the Seljuq ranks Suleymanshah himself was wounded and withdrew to Erzurum Aftermath EditThe Georgians captured Rukn ad Din Suleymanshah II s brother who was later exchanged for one horseshoe This action demonstrated that Tamar held absolute power in the Caucasus Anatolia Armenian Highlands Shirvan and western parts of the Black Sea The victory at Basiani allowed Georgia to secure its positions on the southwest and keep the Seljuqid resurgence in check Soon after the battle the Kingdom of Georgia invaded Trebizond to create a state Tamar gave power to Alexios I of Trebizond who was her sister s husband Therefore the Kingdom of Georgia effectively created a buffer zone between Turkish states and feudal Georgian lands References EditSources Edit in Georgian D Ivane Javakhishvili 1983 ქართველი ერის ისტორია History of Georgian Nation 1 Tbilisi Georgia USSR in Georgian Melikishvili Giorgi et al 1970 საქართველოს ისტორიის ნარკვევები Studies in the History of Georgia Vol 2 permanent dead link Tbilisi Sabch ota Sakartvelo in Turkish Osman Turan Selcuklular Zamaninda Turkiye Istanbul 1971 in Russian V Dondua et al transl 1985 Zhizn caricy caric Tamar The Life of the Queen of Queens Tamar Commentaries by N Berdzenishvili Tbilisi Metsniereba Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of Basiani amp oldid 1123164427, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
