For the Spanish municipality, see Bailo, Spain. For the Chinese official of the Qin period, see Baili Xi.
Bailo or baylo (plural baili or bayli) is a Venetian title that derives from the Latin term baiulus, meaning "porter, bearer". In English, it may be translated bailiff, or otherwise rendered as bailey, baili, bailie, bailli or baillie. The office of a bailo is a bailaggio (sometimes anglicised "bailate"). The term was transliterated into Greek as μπαΐουλος (baioulos), but Nicephorus Gregoras translated it ἐπίτροπος (epitropos, steward) or ἔφορος (ephoros, overseer).[1]
The term baiulus was first used in Venetian documents translated from Arabic in the twelfth century. It was originally used to refer to Muslim officials, but in the thirteenth century came to be applied to special envoys sent by Venice to govern its colonies in Frankish Greece. These governors doubled as diplomats. They operated courts for the Venetian colonists, collected taxes and customs dues and supervised Venetian trade. Each was assisted by a chancery (run by a chancellor) and a Council of Twelve, composed of the leading men of the colony and modeled on the Council of Ten in Venice. Each had a chaplain, a physician and an interpreter (or dragoman). Each sent back regular reports to Venice on the local politics, the affairs of the colony and, most importantly, the prices and quantities of goods in the local market. He was the superior of the consuls operating in the same country.[3]
By the end of the 15th century, the office of bailo had mostly disappeared, with those operating on foreign soil being downgraded to consuls and those governing Venetian territories being termed rectors, captains or podestà. The bailates of Constantinople and Corfu, however, survived until the end of the republic in 1797.
Notes
^Kazhdan, Alexander P. (2005). "Bailo". In Alexander P. Kazhdan (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
^Pedani, Maria Pia (2013). "Venetians in the Levant in the Age of Selīm I". In Benjamin Lellouch; Nicolas Michel (eds.). Conquête ottomane de l'Égypte (1517): Arrière-plan, impact, échos. Leiden: Brill. pp. 99–112.
^Pedani, Maria Pia (2009). "Bailo". In Gabor Ágoston; Bruce Masters (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. New York, NY: Facts on File. pp. 72–73.
Maria Pia Pedani, , Electronic Journal of Oriental Studies5, 4 (2002): 1–54.
January 29, 2023
bailo, spanish, municipality, spain, chinese, official, period, baili, baylo, plural, baili, bayli, venetian, title, that, derives, from, latin, term, baiulus, meaning, porter, bearer, english, translated, bailiff, otherwise, rendered, bailey, baili, bailie, b. For the Spanish municipality see Bailo Spain For the Chinese official of the Qin period see Baili Xi Bailo or baylo plural baili or bayli is a Venetian title that derives from the Latin term baiulus meaning porter bearer In English it may be translated bailiff or otherwise rendered as bailey baili bailie bailli or baillie The office of a bailo is a bailaggio sometimes anglicised bailate The term was transliterated into Greek as mpaioylos baioulos but Nicephorus Gregoras translated it ἐpitropos epitropos steward or ἔforos ephoros overseer 1 In the Middle Ages a bailo was a resident ambassador of the Republic of Venice The most famous baili were those at Constantinople who were from 1268 the Venetian ambassadors to the Byzantine court and after 1453 to the Ottoman government There were also permanent baili at Negroponte Durazzo and Corfu Baili were also sent to represent Venetian interests at the courts of Cyprus Acre Jerusalem Armenia and Trebizond In the mid thirteenth century the Venetian consuls in Tyre and Tripoli in the kingdom of Acre were upgraded to the rank of bailo Venice also sent baili to oversee its colonies at Aleppo Antivari Koroni Modon Nauplia Patras and Tenedos 2 The term baiulus was first used in Venetian documents translated from Arabic in the twelfth century It was originally used to refer to Muslim officials but in the thirteenth century came to be applied to special envoys sent by Venice to govern its colonies in Frankish Greece These governors doubled as diplomats They operated courts for the Venetian colonists collected taxes and customs dues and supervised Venetian trade Each was assisted by a chancery run by a chancellor and a Council of Twelve composed of the leading men of the colony and modeled on the Council of Ten in Venice Each had a chaplain a physician and an interpreter or dragoman Each sent back regular reports to Venice on the local politics the affairs of the colony and most importantly the prices and quantities of goods in the local market He was the superior of the consuls operating in the same country 3 By the end of the 15th century the office of bailo had mostly disappeared with those operating on foreign soil being downgraded to consuls and those governing Venetian territories being termed rectors captains or podesta The bailates of Constantinople and Corfu however survived until the end of the republic in 1797 Notes Edit Kazhdan Alexander P 2005 Bailo In Alexander P Kazhdan ed The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium Oxford Oxford University Press Pedani Maria Pia 2013 Venetians in the Levant in the Age of Selim I In Benjamin Lellouch Nicolas Michel eds Conquete ottomane de l Egypte 1517 Arriere plan impact echos Leiden Brill pp 99 112 Pedani Maria Pia 2009 Bailo In Gabor Agoston Bruce Masters eds Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire New York NY Facts on File pp 72 73 See also EditBailo of Constantinople Bailo of Negroponte Bailo of CorfuFurther reading EditMaria Pia Pedani Elenco degli inviati diplomatici veneziani presso i sovrani ottomani Electronic Journal of Oriental Studies 5 4 2002 1 54 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bailo amp oldid 1122023561, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
