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Bach family

November 27, 2023

For people named Bach, see Bach (surname).

The Bach family refers to several notable composers of the baroque and classical periods of music, the best-known of whom was Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750).[1] A family genealogy was drawn up by Johann Sebastian Bach himself in 1735 when he was 50 and was completed by his son Carl Philipp Emanuel.[2]

Portrait of Johann Sebastian Bach by E. G. Haussmann, 1748

Ancestors of Johann Sebastian Bach edit

See also: Bach's Nekrolog § Ancestors and musicians in the Bach family, and Altbachisches Archiv
 
Bach family house, Wechmar

Four branches of the Bach family were known at the beginning of the 16th century; a Hans Bach of Wechmar, a village between Gotha and Arnstadt in Thuringia, is known to have been alive in 1561. He is believed to be the father of Veit Bach.[1]

  • Veit (Vitus) Bach (c. 1550–1619, Wechmar) was, according to Johann Sebastian's genealogy, "a white-bread baker in Hungary" who had to flee Hungary because he was a Lutheran, settling in Wechmar. He "found the greatest pleasure in a little cittern which he took with him even into the mill";
  • His son Johannes Bach I (c. 1580–1626) "der Spielmann" (lit. "the player"), was the first professional musician of the family. He "at first took up the trade of baker, but having a particular bent for music," he became a piper;
  • His second grandson Christoph (c. 1613–1661) was an instrumentalist;
  • His first great-grandson Johann Ambrosius was a violinist, and the father of Johann Sebastian Bach.

Others born before 1685 edit

Johann Ambrosius' uncle, Heinrich of Arnstadt, had two sons: Johann Michael and Johann Christoph. The latter was once thought to be the author of the motet Ich [ver]lasse dich nicht (I will not leave you), which is now confirmed to be Johann Sebastian Bach's (BWV 159a).[3] Another descendant of Veit Bach, Johann Ludwig, was revered more than any other ancestor by Johann Sebastian, who copied twelve of his church cantatas and sometimes added work of his own to them.[1]

Descendants of Johann Sebastian Bach edit

Of the seven children that Johann Sebastian Bach had with his first wife Maria Barbara Bach, his second cousin, four survived into adulthood: Catharina Dorothea Bach (1708–1774); Wilhelm Friedemann; Carl Philipp Emanuel (the "Berlin Bach", later the "Hamburg Bach"); and Johann Gottfried Bernhard.[4] All four were musically talented, and Wilhelm Friedeman and Carl Philipp Emanuel had significant musical careers of their own.[4]

After his first wife died, Johann Sebastian Bach married Anna Magdalena Wilcken, a gifted soprano and daughter of the court trumpeter of Prince Saxe-Weissenfels. They had 13 children, of whom Johann Christoph Friedrich (the "Bückeburg Bach") and Johann Christian (the "London Bach") became significant musicians. A further four survived into adulthood: Gottfried Heinrich; Elisabeth Juliane Friederica (1726–1781), who married Bach's pupil Johann Christoph Altnickol; Johanna Carolina (1737–1781); and Regina Susanna (1742–1809).[5]

Of Bach's surviving children, only five married. Of these, Johann Christian had no children from his marriage to the soprano Cecilia Grassi. Carl Philipp Emanuel, who married Johanna Maria Dannemann, had three surviving children.[6] Of these children the youngest, Johann Sebastian (1748–1778) was a gifted painter who died young. None of Emanuel's children married or had offspring, with his bloodline dying out with the death of his daughter Anna Carolina Philippina (1746–1804).[7]

Elisabeth Juliane Friederica, known as Liesgen, with Altnickol had three surviving children. Their only son, Johann Sebastian died in infancy in 1740. The elder daughter, Augusta Magdalena (1751–1809) married Ernest Friedrich Ahlefeldt and have four daughters, of whom only one, Christiane Johanne (1780–1816) survived. From her marriage to Paul Johann Müller, a daughter, Augusta Wilhelmina (1809–1818) was born, though she died as an infant, ending this line of Bach's descendants.[8]

Of the next generation, Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach, also known as William Bach (24 May 1759 – 25 December 1845) was the eldest son of Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach and the only grandson of Johann Sebastian Bach to gain fame as a composer. He was music director to Frederick William II of Prussia. WFE's only son died in infancy. The first born of his three daughters, Caroline Augusta Wilhelmine, lived the longest. She died in 1871 – the last of Bach's descendants to hold the Bach name.[9]

Bach has living descendants via two granddaughters born to Friedemann and Johann Christoph Friedrich, respectively. Anna Philippine Friederike (1755–1804), sister of Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst, married Wilhelm Ernst Colson, a lieutenant in an artillery regiment. They had five sons and a daughter. While this bloodline was traditionally assumed to have died out with this generation, one of her sons, Johann Christoph Friedrich (1778–1831) married and had offspring with progeny to the modern day.[10][11]

Friedemann married Dorothea Elisabeth Georgi and had two sons and a daughter. Both sons died in infancy. During the 20th-century scholarship has uncovered several children born to his daughter Friederica Sophia (b. 1757), which were hitherto unknown. Friederica Sophia married Johann Schmidt, a footsoldier in 1793 shortly after the birth of an illegitimate daughter. Of this child and a sister little is known.[12][13] In 1780 she had given birth to an illegitimate son, of which nothing further is known.[14] Friederica Sophia appears to have left her husband for a man by the name of Schwarzschulz, with whom she had an illegitimate daughter, Karoline Beata (b. 1798) whose descendants eventually emigrated to Oklahoma.[15]

 
Johann Sebastian Bach and his sons Carl Philipp Emanuel, Johann Christian, Wilhelm Friedemann, and Johann Christoph Friedrich

Partial family tree edit

Veit Bach
(d. 1619)
Johannes Bach I
(1580–1626)		Philippus Bach
(1590–1620)
Johannes Bach
(1604–1673)		Heinrich Bach
(1615–1692)		Christoph Bach
(1613–1661)		Wendel Bach
(1619–1682)
Johann Aegidius Bach
(1645–1716)		Johann Christoph Bach
(1642–1703)		Johann Michael Bach
(1648–1694)		Georg Christoph Bach
(1642–1697)		Johann Ambrosius Bach
(1645–1695)		Maria Elisabeth Lämmerhirt
(1644–1694)		Johann Christoph Bach
(1645–1693)		Jacob Bach [de]
(1655–1718)		Anna Martha Schneider
Johann Bernhard Bach
(1676–1749)		Johann Nicolaus Bach
(1669–1753)		Maria Barbara Bach
(1684–1720)		Johann Sebastian Bach
(1685–1750)		Anna Magdalena Wilcke
(1701–1760)		Johann Ludwig Bach
(1677–1731)
Johann Ernst Bach II
(1722–1777)		Wilhelm Friedemann Bach
(1710–1784)		Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach
(1714–1788)		Gottfried Heinrich Bach
(1724–1763)		Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach
(1732–1795)		Lucia Elisabeth Münchhausen
(1728–1803)		Johann Christian Bach
(1735–1782)		Elisabeth Juliane Friederica
(1726–1781)		Johann Christoph Altnickol
(1720–1759)		Johanna Carolina
(1737–1781)		Regina Susanna
(1742–1809)
Johann Georg Bach
(1751–1797)		Johann Sebastian Bach
(1748–1778)		Anna Philippiana Friederica Bach
(1755–1804)		Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach
(1759–1845)		Charlotte Philippina Elerdt
(1780–1801)		Christina Luise Bach
(d. 1852)		Johann Sebastian Altnickol
(1749–1749)
Ludwig Albrecht Hermann RitterCarolina Augusta Wilhelmine Bach
(1800–1871)		Juliane Friederica
(b. 1800)

Expanded genealogy edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bach, Johann Sebastian" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 124–130.
  2. ^ Charles Sanford Terry, ed. (1929). The Origin of the Family of Bach Musicians: Ursprung der musicalisch-Bachischen familie. London: Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford.
  3. ^ "Motet BWV 159a". The Bach Choir of Bethlehem. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Q: How many children did J.S. Bach have? A: Loads. Here's what we know". Classic FM. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  5. ^ The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, "Bach Family", pp. 98, 111
  6. ^ Geiringer 1954, p. 336.
  7. ^ Geiringer 1954, p. 350.
  8. ^ Terry, Charles Sanford (December 1935). "A Bach Relic". The Musical Times. 76 (1114): 1076–1077. doi:10.2307/919266. JSTOR 919266.
  9. ^ Grace, Harvey (1938). Bach. Novello's Biographies of Great Musicians. Novello. p. 1. 22 pages.
  10. ^ Terry, Charles Sanford (1 June 1930). "Has Bach Surviving Descendants?". The Musical Times. 71 (1048): 511 (511–513). doi:10.2307/917359. JSTOR 917359.
  11. ^ Geiringer 1954, p. 378.
  12. ^ Terry, Charles Sanford (1 March 1932). "Bach's Descendants". The Musical Times. 73 (1069): 256. doi:10.2307/916949. JSTOR 916949.
  13. ^ Geiringer 1954, pp. 303–316.
  14. ^ Wolff 2003, pp. 123–130.
  15. ^ Wolff 2003, p. 129.

Sources edit

  • Geiringer, Karl (1954). The Bach Family: Seven Generations of Creative Genius. Oxford University Press.
  • Wolff, Christoph (2003). Bach Perspectives, Volume 5: Bach in America. University of Illinois Press.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bach family.
 
Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article "Bach".
  • Bach family, bach-cantatas.com

November 27, 2023
bach, family, people, named, bach, bach, surname, refers, several, notable, composers, baroque, classical, periods, music, best, known, whom, johann, sebastian, bach, 1685, 1750, family, genealogy, drawn, johann, sebastian, bach, himself, 1735, when, completed. For people named Bach see Bach surname The Bach family refers to several notable composers of the baroque and classical periods of music the best known of whom was Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 1750 1 A family genealogy was drawn up by Johann Sebastian Bach himself in 1735 when he was 50 and was completed by his son Carl Philipp Emanuel 2 Portrait of Johann Sebastian Bach by E G Haussmann 1748 Contents 1 Ancestors of Johann Sebastian Bach 1 1 Others born before 1685 2 Descendants of Johann Sebastian Bach 3 Partial family tree 4 Expanded genealogy 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Sources 7 External linksAncestors of Johann Sebastian Bach editSee also Bach s Nekrolog Ancestors and musicians in the Bach family and Altbachisches Archiv nbsp Bach family house WechmarFour branches of the Bach family were known at the beginning of the 16th century a Hans Bach of Wechmar a village between Gotha and Arnstadt in Thuringia is known to have been alive in 1561 He is believed to be the father of Veit Bach 1 Veit Vitus Bach c 1550 1619 Wechmar was according to Johann Sebastian s genealogy a white bread baker in Hungary who had to flee Hungary because he was a Lutheran settling in Wechmar He found the greatest pleasure in a little cittern which he took with him even into the mill His son Johannes Bach I c 1580 1626 der Spielmann lit the player was the first professional musician of the family He at first took up the trade of baker but having a particular bent for music he became a piper His second grandson Christoph c 1613 1661 was an instrumentalist His first great grandson Johann Ambrosius was a violinist and the father of Johann Sebastian Bach Others born before 1685 edit Johann Ambrosius uncle Heinrich of Arnstadt had two sons Johann Michael and Johann Christoph The latter was once thought to be the author of the motet Ich ver lasse dich nicht I will not leave you which is now confirmed to be Johann Sebastian Bach s BWV 159a 3 Another descendant of Veit Bach Johann Ludwig was revered more than any other ancestor by Johann Sebastian who copied twelve of his church cantatas and sometimes added work of his own to them 1 Descendants of Johann Sebastian Bach editOf the seven children that Johann Sebastian Bach had with his first wife Maria Barbara Bach his second cousin four survived into adulthood Catharina Dorothea Bach 1708 1774 Wilhelm Friedemann Carl Philipp Emanuel the Berlin Bach later the Hamburg Bach and Johann Gottfried Bernhard 4 All four were musically talented and Wilhelm Friedeman and Carl Philipp Emanuel had significant musical careers of their own 4 After his first wife died Johann Sebastian Bach married Anna Magdalena Wilcken a gifted soprano and daughter of the court trumpeter of Prince Saxe Weissenfels They had 13 children of whom Johann Christoph Friedrich the Buckeburg Bach and Johann Christian the London Bach became significant musicians A further four survived into adulthood Gottfried Heinrich Elisabeth Juliane Friederica 1726 1781 who married Bach s pupil Johann Christoph Altnickol Johanna Carolina 1737 1781 and Regina Susanna 1742 1809 5 Of Bach s surviving children only five married Of these Johann Christian had no children from his marriage to the soprano Cecilia Grassi Carl Philipp Emanuel who married Johanna Maria Dannemann had three surviving children 6 Of these children the youngest Johann Sebastian 1748 1778 was a gifted painter who died young None of Emanuel s children married or had offspring with his bloodline dying out with the death of his daughter Anna Carolina Philippina 1746 1804 7 Elisabeth Juliane Friederica known as Liesgen with Altnickol had three surviving children Their only son Johann Sebastian died in infancy in 1740 The elder daughter Augusta Magdalena 1751 1809 married Ernest Friedrich Ahlefeldt and have four daughters of whom only one Christiane Johanne 1780 1816 survived From her marriage to Paul Johann Muller a daughter Augusta Wilhelmina 1809 1818 was born though she died as an infant ending this line of Bach s descendants 8 Of the next generation Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach also known as William Bach 24 May 1759 25 December 1845 was the eldest son of Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach and the only grandson of Johann Sebastian Bach to gain fame as a composer He was music director to Frederick William II of Prussia WFE s only son died in infancy The first born of his three daughters Caroline Augusta Wilhelmine lived the longest She died in 1871 the last of Bach s descendants to hold the Bach name 9 Bach has living descendants via two granddaughters born to Friedemann and Johann Christoph Friedrich respectively Anna Philippine Friederike 1755 1804 sister of Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst married Wilhelm Ernst Colson a lieutenant in an artillery regiment They had five sons and a daughter While this bloodline was traditionally assumed to have died out with this generation one of her sons Johann Christoph Friedrich 1778 1831 married and had offspring with progeny to the modern day 10 11 Friedemann married Dorothea Elisabeth Georgi and had two sons and a daughter Both sons died in infancy During the 20th century scholarship has uncovered several children born to his daughter Friederica Sophia b 1757 which were hitherto unknown Friederica Sophia married Johann Schmidt a footsoldier in 1793 shortly after the birth of an illegitimate daughter Of this child and a sister little is known 12 13 In 1780 she had given birth to an illegitimate son of which nothing further is known 14 Friederica Sophia appears to have left her husband for a man by the name of Schwarzschulz with whom she had an illegitimate daughter Karoline Beata b 1798 whose descendants eventually emigrated to Oklahoma 15 nbsp Johann Sebastian Bach and his sons Carl Philipp Emanuel Johann Christian Wilhelm Friedemann and Johann Christoph FriedrichPartial family tree editVeit Bach d 1619 Johannes Bach I 1580 1626 Philippus Bach 1590 1620 Johannes Bach 1604 1673 Heinrich Bach 1615 1692 Christoph Bach 1613 1661 Wendel Bach 1619 1682 Johann Aegidius Bach 1645 1716 Johann Christoph Bach 1642 1703 Johann Michael Bach 1648 1694 Georg Christoph Bach 1642 1697 Johann Ambrosius Bach 1645 1695 Maria Elisabeth Lammerhirt 1644 1694 Johann Christoph Bach 1645 1693 Jacob Bach de 1655 1718 Anna Martha SchneiderJohann Bernhard Bach 1676 1749 Johann Nicolaus Bach 1669 1753 Maria Barbara Bach 1684 1720 Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 1750 Anna Magdalena Wilcke 1701 1760 Johann Ludwig Bach 1677 1731 Johann Ernst Bach II 1722 1777 Wilhelm Friedemann Bach 1710 1784 Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach 1714 1788 Gottfried Heinrich Bach 1724 1763 Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach 1732 1795 Lucia Elisabeth Munchhausen 1728 1803 Johann Christian Bach 1735 1782 Elisabeth Juliane Friederica 1726 1781 Johann Christoph Altnickol 1720 1759 Johanna Carolina 1737 1781 Regina Susanna 1742 1809 Johann Georg Bach 1751 1797 Johann Sebastian Bach 1748 1778 Anna Philippiana Friederica Bach 1755 1804 Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach 1759 1845 Charlotte Philippina Elerdt 1780 1801 Christina Luise Bach d 1852 Johann Sebastian Altnickol 1749 1749 Ludwig Albrecht Hermann RitterCarolina Augusta Wilhelmine Bach 1800 1871 Juliane Friederica b 1800 Expanded genealogy editVeit Bach c 1550 1619 Johannes Bach I d 1626 son of Veit Bach Johann es Bach III 1604 1673 the so called Erfurt Line Johann Christian Bach I 1640 1682 Johann Jacob Bach II 1668 1692 Johann Christoph Bach IV 1673 1727 Johann Samuel Bach 1694 1720 Johann Christian Bach II 1696 Johann Gunther Bach II 1703 1756 Johann Aegidius Bach I 1645 1716 Johann Balthasar Bach 1673 1691 Johann Bernhard Bach I 1676 1749 Johann Ernst Bach II 1722 1777 Johann Georg Bach I 1751 1797 Johann Christoph Bach VI 1685 1740 Johann Friedrich Bach II 1706 1743 Johann Aegidius Bach II 1709 1746 Johann Nicolaus Bach I 1653 1682 Christoph Bach 1613 1661 Georg Christoph Bach 1642 1697 Johann Valentin Bach 1669 1720 Johann Lorenz Bach 1695 1773 Johann Elias Bach 1705 1755 Johann Michael Bach III 1745 1820 the music theorist Johann Georg Bach II 1786 1874 Georg Friedrich Bach 1792 1860 Johann Christoph Bach II 1645 1693 Johann Ernst Bach I 1683 1739 Johann Christoph Bach VII 1689 1740 Johann Ambrosius Bach 1645 1695 Johann Christoph Bach III 1671 1721 Johann Andreas Bach 1713 1779 Johann Christoph Georg Bach 1747 1814 Johann Bernhard Bach II 1700 1743 Johann Christoph Bach VIII 1702 1756 Ernst Carl Gottfried Bach 1738 1801 Ernst Christian Bach 1747 1822 Philipp Christian Georg Bach 1734 1809 Johann Jacob Bach III 1682 1722 Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 1750 wed in his first marriage to second cousin Maria Barbara Bach 1684 1720 in second marriage 1721 to Anna Magdalena Wilcke 1701 1760 Catharina Dorothea Bach 1708 1774 Wilhelm Friedemann Bach 1710 1784 the so called Dresden Bach or Halle Bach Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach 1714 1788 the so called Hamburg Bach or Berlin Bach Johann Sebastian Bach 1748 1778 painter Johann Gottfried Bernhard Bach 1715 1739 Gottfried Heinrich Bach 1724 1763 Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach 1732 1795 the so called Buckeburg Bach Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach 1759 1845 the so called Minden Bach Johann Christian Bach III 1735 1782 the so called Milan Bach or London Bach Heinrich Bach I 1615 1692 the so called Arnstadt Line Johann Christoph Bach I 1642 1703 Johann Nikolaus Bach II 1669 1753 Johann Christoph Bach V 1676 Johann Heinrich Bach II 1709 Johann Friedrich Bach I 1682 1730 Johann Michael Bach II 1685 Johann Michael Bach I 1648 1694 Maria Barbara Bach 1684 1720 married Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 1750 Johann Gunther Bach I 1653 1683 Philippus Lips Bach 1590 1620 son of Veit Bach Wendel Bach 1619 1682 Jacob Bach de 1655 1718 Nicolaus Ephraim Bach 1690 1760 Georg Michael Bach 1703 1771 Johann Christian Bach IV 1743 1814 Johann Ludwig Bach 1677 1731 the so called Meininger Bach composer Gottlieb Friedrich Bach 1714 1785 court organist court painter Meinigen Johann Philipp Bach 1752 1846 musician painter Samuel Anton Bach 1713 1781 Johann Bach IV 1621 1686 nephew of Lips Bach Johann Stephan Bach 1665 1717 Caspar Bach I 1570 1640 brother of Veit Bach Caspar Bach II 1600 Heinrich Blinder Jonas Bach 1635 Johann es Bach II 1612 1632 Melchior Bach 1603 1634 Nicolaus Bach 1619 1637 See also edit nbsp Classical music portalP D Q BachReferences edit a b c Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Bach Johann Sebastian Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 3 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 124 130 Charles Sanford Terry ed 1929 The Origin of the Family of Bach Musicians Ursprung der musicalisch Bachischen familie London Oxford University Press Humphrey Milford Motet BWV 159a The Bach Choir of Bethlehem Retrieved 12 June 2022 a b Q How many children did J S Bach have A Loads Here s what we know Classic FM Retrieved 14 April 2023 The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Bach Family pp 98 111 Geiringer 1954 p 336 Geiringer 1954 p 350 Terry Charles Sanford December 1935 A Bach Relic The Musical Times 76 1114 1076 1077 doi 10 2307 919266 JSTOR 919266 Grace Harvey 1938 Bach Novello s Biographies of Great Musicians Novello p 1 22 pages Terry Charles Sanford 1 June 1930 Has Bach Surviving Descendants The Musical Times 71 1048 511 511 513 doi 10 2307 917359 JSTOR 917359 Geiringer 1954 p 378 Terry Charles Sanford 1 March 1932 Bach s Descendants The Musical Times 73 1069 256 doi 10 2307 916949 JSTOR 916949 Geiringer 1954 pp 303 316 Wolff 2003 pp 123 130 Wolff 2003 p 129 Sources edit Geiringer Karl 1954 The Bach Family Seven Generations of Creative Genius Oxford University Press Wolff Christoph 2003 Bach Perspectives Volume 5 Bach in America University of Illinois Press External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bach family nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article Bach Bach family tree Bach family bach cantatas com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bach family amp oldid 1184855339, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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