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Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations

December 18, 2023

Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations were recruited from prisoners of war, mainly from the Soviet Union and the countries annexed by it after 1939. Nazi Germany organised them to fight against the Soviet Union.

Origins edit

See also: Azerbaijani Legion

In November 1943, Meyer-Mader offered his services to Himmler to help raise and command a Turkic SS unit. Himmler approved the broad plan and then transferred him into the ranks of the Waffen-SS and promoted him to the rank of SS-Obersturmbannführer. Then, on 14 December, a meeting was held in Berlin in the presence of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Amin al-Husseini. The Grand Mufti approved the plan to raise a Turkic-Muslim SS division and to give his "spiritual leadership" to influence the Muslim volunteers.[1][2]

Ostmuselmanisches SS-Regiment edit

Between November 1943 and January 1944, there was a series of meetings between Meyer-Mader and Muslim volunteers. As a result of these meetings, on January 4, 1944, it was decided to form the Ostmuselmanisches SS-Regiment. At the same meeting, it was decided to disband the following Wehrmacht battalions who would serve as a basis for a new platform: 450th, 480th, 782nd, 786th, 790th, 791st and I/94th Turkestanische battalions, Aserbeidschanische 818th and Volga Tatar 831st. Unfortunately, many of the volunteers deserted at this time, and the 818th defected to Polish and Ukrainian resistance movements in 1943.[3][4]

Furthermore, at the same time, Meyer-Mader visited prisoners of war camps and called for volunteers to join the new Muslim SS legion. The recruits were not only Turkestani but also Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and Tajik. By the end of January 1944, he was able to recruit three thousand volunteers who were concentrated in Poniatova. To increase the staffing regiment, dozens of German officers and non-commissioned officers were transferred there. Nevertheless, it was a prolonged process, mainly due to a lack of equipment, including uniforms and even shoes. Therefore, by the October 1944 deadline, which Himmler appointed for the deployment of divisions, the regiment had only four thousand people formed into three battalions.

The unit was formed in Trawniki, Poland, before they were transferred to Byelorussia for further training. SS-Obersturmbannführer Andreas Meyer-Mader was appointed as its first commander.[5][6]

This unit suffered from poor discipline, and poor morale, especially after Meyer-Mader was killed during a skirmish with partisans in Yuratishki, near Minsk, on March 28, 1944. The situation worsened when the replacement commander, SS-Hauptsturmführer Billig, executed 78 unit members for insubordination. This incident angered Himmler, who relieved Billig.[7][5][2] In May 1944, the 550 men (Turkestanis, Volga Tatars, Azerbaijanis, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, and Tajiks) from the Ostmuslemanische SS-Regiment were attached to the SS Dirlewanger brigade.[8]

Warsaw edit

 
Soldiers of Aserbeidschanische Feld-Bataillon I./111 during the Warsaw Uprising

On January 29, 1944, Heinz Reinefarth was assigned as SS and Police Leader in Reichsgau Wartheland (the pre-war Polish Greater Poland Voivodeship, annexed by Germany in 1939). In this post, he was responsible for the organised repression against Poles and other nationalities deprived of all rights by Germany. After the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising, Reinefarth was ordered to organise a military unit from the 16th Police Company and other smaller security units and head for Warsaw. Upon arrival, his forces were included in the Korpsgruppe Von Dem Bach of General Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski who Himmler ordered to quell the rebellion. From August 5, 1944, Reinefarth's group fought in the Wola area. In several days, his and Dirlewanger's soldiers executed approximately 40,000 civilian inhabitants of Warsaw in what is now known as the Wola massacre. The Wola killings were mostly inflicted by Kampfgruppe Reinefarth that assaulted the area held by the insurgents from the west.

It is hard to determine which specific units are to be held responsible, but the main “cleansing” tasks had been assigned to Angriffsgruppe Dirlewanger with following forces:

  • 2 Grenadier Battalions (I & II) of SS Sonderregiment Dirlewanger,
  • Aserbeidschanisches Feld Bataillon I./111 (com. Hptm. Werner Scharrenberg),
  • Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment (without Battalion III),
  • II Btl. "Bergmann" – (without 7. Komp.) Ltn. Mertelsmann,
  • Gendermerie Operationsgruppe Walter (2 gendarmerie Komp.),
  • Komp. I & II of Aserb. Feld Btl. I/111,
  • Anti-aircraft battery of 80th Regiment,
  • Sturmpanzer-Kompanie z.b.V. 218 (8x Brummbär) Hptm. Kellmann,
  • a part of machine gun 4. Kompanie of Aserb. Feld Btl. I/111,
  • 1. Platoon of 654. Pioniere Battalion,
  • 1 KRONE flamethrower unit (8x Flammenwerfer 41)

Lack of precise documentation does not allow to specify precisely which elements of the above were involved in the Wola killing. It is also possible that some units of the other assault group that operated in the Wola area (Angriffsgruppe Reck) were taking active part in the events, as they also consisted of police/gendarmerie and special assignment units (Hptm. Kirchhubel's Warschau Polizei Kompanie, Hptm. Fersemann's Polizei Wachtkompanie, platoon of SS-Röntgen MG Kompanie from Poznań, but also SS Grenadiere of SS-Schule Treskau and Azerbaijani 7.Komp/II Bt. Bergmann).[9]

Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände der SS edit

On October 20, 1944, the rest of the Ostmuselmanisches SS-Regiment was transferred from Ukraine to Slovakia and renamed "Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände der SS" and reorganized into 3 battalions organized along ethnic lines.

Each battalion would consist of staff, one staff company and five infantry companies. The Ostmuselmanisches regiment was integrated into the Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände der SS and was considered to be dissolved. In December 1944 The Waffen-Gruppe Aserbeidschan (commander W-Ostuf Kerrar Alesgerli) was transferred to the Kaukasiche Waffen-Verbände der SS. The disbanded Tatar Waffen Gebirgs Brigade der SS would replace the Azerbaijani soldiers; Commander: SS-Standartenführer Harun el-Raschid Hintersatz. (born Wilhelm Hintersatz (A German officer, born in Senftenberg, Lausitz, who had converted to Islam in 1919.[10])

The reorganisations began in January 1945 as follows:

  • SS-Waffengruppe Turkestan
  • SS-Waffengruppe Krim
  • SS-Waffengruppe Idel Urals

Apparently, new “volunteers” were integrated because the Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände had increased from 5,000 men in January 1945 to 8,500 men in the period of February–May 1945. As Hitler's Reich crumbled, the Waffen-SS gave up all adherence to standards for recruit selection. If they could walk and shoot a rifle, they were good enough for the SS. At this time, all German military forces were scraping the bottom of the manpower barrel - for example, in January 1945, Heer and Waffen-SS recruiting centres were combined. Waffen-SS troops were increasingly transfers from other military branches of the Wehrmacht from paramilitary and labour formations.[2][5][11][12][13] The whole unit arrived in March 1945 in Merate, 20 km north of Milan, northern Italy. Assigned to the area's defence, the Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände apparently participated in no larger operation against partisans. On 26 April 1945, Hintersatz signed a pact with the local partisan command, according to which the soldiers would remain in the barracks in Merate until the US troops arrived. This happened on 30 April 1945, the whole unit went into the 1st Armored Division's hands.[14]

Kaukasischer Waffen-Verband der SS edit

In December 1944, while training in Slovakia, a rumour that the unit was to be transferred to Russian Liberation Army demoralized the soldiers. On December 24, 450 men deserted on Christmas Eve, although 300 eventually returned. The Azerberjani regiment was removed from the Osttürkische Waffen-Verbände on 30 December 1944, and transferred to Kaukasischer Waffen-Verband der SS.[15]

Kaukasischer Waffen-Verband der SS, also known as Freiwilligen Brigade Nordkaukasien, began forming with volunteers from the Caucasus region, with the Frewilligen-Stamm-Division as a nucleus. It was transferred from the Neuhammer training camp to Paluzza in northern Italy in Jan. 1945 and was still forming when it surrendered to British forces at the end of the war.

  • Commander: SS-Standartenführer Arved Theuermann

Organisation:[16]

  • Stab Kaukasischer Waffen-Verband der SS
  • Stab Waffen-Gruppe Armenien
  • Stab Waffen-Gruppe Nordkaukasus
  • Stab Waffen-Gruppe Georgien
  • Stab Waffen-Gruppe Aserbeidschan (1090 soldiers: Gerhard von Mende archives)

See also edit

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Klietmann 1965, pp. 381–382; Referred there to as "Turk-Btl. 480"
  2. ^ a b c Neulen 1985, p. 332.
  3. ^ Ismayil Akber: Die Azerbaydzhanische Legionare Im kampf
  4. ^ Romanko 2004.
  5. ^ a b c Klietmann 1965, p. 382.
  6. ^ Munoz 1991, pp. 164–165.
  7. ^ Munoz 1991, p. 164.
  8. ^ Rolf Michaelis Die SS-Sturmbrigade „Dirlewanger“. Vom Warschauer Aufstand bis zum Kessel von Halbe. Band II. 1. Auflage. Verlag Rolf Michaelis, 2003, ISBN 3-930849-32-1
  9. ^ Rolf Michaelis Die SS-Sturmbrigade „Dirlewanger“. Vom Warschauer Aufstand bis zum Kessel von Halbe. Band II. 1. Auflage, 2003, ISBN 3-930849-32-1 http://www.powstanie-warszawskie-1944.ac.pl/niemcy%20_w_powstaniu_warszaws2.htm http://www.powstanie-warszawskie-1944.ac.pl/cv_reinefarth.htm www.poloniatoday.com/uprising5.htm - 20k - www.powstanie-warszawskie-1944.ac.pl/niemcy%20_w_powstaniu_warszaws2.htm - 74k
  10. ^ Mazower 2008, p. 465.
  11. ^ Tessin 1980; see for the description of SS-Waffengrupp "Aserbeidschan"
  12. ^ Munoz 1991, p. 172-173, 175-176.
  13. ^ Mehner 1995, p. 264.
  14. ^ Pfeiffer 2007a.
  15. ^ Munoz 1991.
  16. ^ Pfeiffer 2007b.

Bibliography edit

  • Klietmann, Dr. K.G. (1965). Die Waffen-SS. Eine Dokumentation (in German). Osnabrück: Verlag der Freiwillige.
  • Mazower, Mark (2008). Hitler's Empire.
  • Munoz, Antonio J. (1991). Forgotten Legions: Obscure Combat Formations of the Waffen-SS. Axis-Europa Books.
  • Neulen, Hans Werner (1985). An deutscher Seite – Internationale Freiwillige von Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS [On the German side - international volunteers of the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS] (in German). Universitas Verlag München.
  • Pfeiffer, Roland (2007a). "Der Osttürkische Waffen-Verband der SS". from the original on 20 March 2008.
  • Pfeiffer, Roland (2007b). "Der Kaukasische Waffen-Verband der SS". from the original on 20 March 2008.
  • Romanko, Oleg (2004). Мусульманские легионы Второй мировой войны [Muslim legions of the Second World War] (in Russian). АСТ. ISBN 9785957805007.
  • Tessin, Georg (1980). Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945. Vol. 14. Osnabrück.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Mehner, Kurt (1995). Waffen-SS und Ordnungspolizei 1939–1945, Führung und Truppe. Norderstedt: Militair-Verlag Klaus D.Patzwall.
  • Akber, Ismayil. Die Azerbaydzhanische Legionare Im kampf.

Further reading edit

  • Eduard Abramian - Forgotten Legion: Sonderverbände Bergmann in World War II 1941–1945.
  • Eduard Abramian -Kavkatsy v Abvere . Moscow 2006
  • Christopher Ailsby - Hitler's Renegades: Foreign Nationals in the Service of the Third Reich.
  • Wladyslaw Anders - Russian Volunteers in Hitler's Army 1941–1945.
  • Christopher Bishop - SS Hitler's Foreign Divisions: Foreign Volunteers in the Waffen SS 1940–1945.
  • J. Borsarello & W. Palinckx - Wehrmacht & SS: Caucasian, Muslim, Asian Troops.
  • Dallin A. German Rule in Russia 1941–1945: A Study of occupation policies. London New York, 1957.
  • Littlejohn D. Foreign Legions of the Third Reich: In 4 vols. San Jose, 1987. Vol.4.
  • Antonio J. Muñoz - The East Came West: Muslim, Hindu & Buddhist Volunteers in the German Armed Forces 1941–1945.
  • Munoz, Antonio J. Forgotten Legions: Obscure Combat Formations of the Waffen SS. Axis-Europa Books, 1991.
  • Antonio Muñoz & Dr Oleg V. Romanko - Hitler's White Russians: Collaboration, Extermination and Anti-Partisan Warfare in Byelorussia 1941–1944.
  • Foreign Volunteers of the Wehrmacht 1941-45 K. Yurado
  • Tessin, Georg: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939–1945. 20 Bde. Osnabrück 1967 ff.
  • Held, Walter: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Eine Bibliographie der deutschsprachigen Nachkriegsliteratur. 5 Bde. Osnabrück 1978 ff.
  • Joachim Hoffmann: Die Ostlegionen 1941–1943. Turkotartaren, Kaukasier und Wolgafinnen im deutschen Heer. Freiburg 1976.
  • Jeloschek, Albert und Friedrich Richter, Ehrenfried Schütte, Johannes Semmler: Freiwillige vom Kaukasus. Georgier & Tschetschenen auf deutscher Seite. „Der Sonderverband Bergmann“ unter Theo Oberländer. Graz, Stuttgart 2003.
  • ВА-МА, Oberkommando des Heeres / Generalstab des Heeres, H 1/136, bl. 64
  • NARA. Microcopy T-354. Roll 161. Frames 3806724 through 3807091.

December 18, 2023
azerbaijani, volunteer, formations, were, recruited, from, prisoners, mainly, from, soviet, union, countries, annexed, after, 1939, nazi, germany, organised, them, fight, against, soviet, union, contents, origins, ostmuselmanisches, regiment, warsaw, osttürkis. Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations were recruited from prisoners of war mainly from the Soviet Union and the countries annexed by it after 1939 Nazi Germany organised them to fight against the Soviet Union Contents 1 Origins 2 Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment 3 Warsaw 4 Ostturkische Waffen Verbande der SS 5 Kaukasischer Waffen Verband der SS 6 See also 7 References 7 1 Notes 8 Bibliography 9 Further readingOrigins editSee also Azerbaijani Legion In November 1943 Meyer Mader offered his services to Himmler to help raise and command a Turkic SS unit Himmler approved the broad plan and then transferred him into the ranks of the Waffen SS and promoted him to the rank of SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Then on 14 December a meeting was held in Berlin in the presence of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Amin al Husseini The Grand Mufti approved the plan to raise a Turkic Muslim SS division and to give his spiritual leadership to influence the Muslim volunteers 1 2 Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment editBetween November 1943 and January 1944 there was a series of meetings between Meyer Mader and Muslim volunteers As a result of these meetings on January 4 1944 it was decided to form the Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment At the same meeting it was decided to disband the following Wehrmacht battalions who would serve as a basis for a new platform 450th 480th 782nd 786th 790th 791st and I 94th Turkestanische battalions Aserbeidschanische 818th and Volga Tatar 831st Unfortunately many of the volunteers deserted at this time and the 818th defected to Polish and Ukrainian resistance movements in 1943 3 4 Furthermore at the same time Meyer Mader visited prisoners of war camps and called for volunteers to join the new Muslim SS legion The recruits were not only Turkestani but also Azerbaijani Kyrgyz Uzbek and Tajik By the end of January 1944 he was able to recruit three thousand volunteers who were concentrated in Poniatova To increase the staffing regiment dozens of German officers and non commissioned officers were transferred there Nevertheless it was a prolonged process mainly due to a lack of equipment including uniforms and even shoes Therefore by the October 1944 deadline which Himmler appointed for the deployment of divisions the regiment had only four thousand people formed into three battalions The unit was formed in Trawniki Poland before they were transferred to Byelorussia for further training SS Obersturmbannfuhrer Andreas Meyer Mader was appointed as its first commander 5 6 This unit suffered from poor discipline and poor morale especially after Meyer Mader was killed during a skirmish with partisans in Yuratishki near Minsk on March 28 1944 The situation worsened when the replacement commander SS Hauptsturmfuhrer Billig executed 78 unit members for insubordination This incident angered Himmler who relieved Billig 7 5 2 In May 1944 the 550 men Turkestanis Volga Tatars Azerbaijanis Kyrgyz Uzbeks and Tajiks from the Ostmuslemanische SS Regiment were attached to the SS Dirlewanger brigade 8 Warsaw edit nbsp Soldiers of Aserbeidschanische Feld Bataillon I 111 during the Warsaw UprisingOn January 29 1944 Heinz Reinefarth was assigned as SS and Police Leader in Reichsgau Wartheland the pre war Polish Greater Poland Voivodeship annexed by Germany in 1939 In this post he was responsible for the organised repression against Poles and other nationalities deprived of all rights by Germany After the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising Reinefarth was ordered to organise a military unit from the 16th Police Company and other smaller security units and head for Warsaw Upon arrival his forces were included in the Korpsgruppe Von Dem Bach of General Erich von dem Bach Zelewski who Himmler ordered to quell the rebellion From August 5 1944 Reinefarth s group fought in the Wola area In several days his and Dirlewanger s soldiers executed approximately 40 000 civilian inhabitants of Warsaw in what is now known as the Wola massacre The Wola killings were mostly inflicted by Kampfgruppe Reinefarth that assaulted the area held by the insurgents from the west It is hard to determine which specific units are to be held responsible but the main cleansing tasks had been assigned to Angriffsgruppe Dirlewanger with following forces 2 Grenadier Battalions I amp II of SS Sonderregiment Dirlewanger Aserbeidschanisches Feld Bataillon I 111 com Hptm Werner Scharrenberg Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment without Battalion III II Btl Bergmann without 7 Komp Ltn Mertelsmann Gendermerie Operationsgruppe Walter 2 gendarmerie Komp Komp I amp II of Aserb Feld Btl I 111 Anti aircraft battery of 80th Regiment Sturmpanzer Kompanie z b V 218 8x Brummbar Hptm Kellmann a part of machine gun 4 Kompanie of Aserb Feld Btl I 111 1 Platoon of 654 Pioniere Battalion 1 KRONE flamethrower unit 8x Flammenwerfer 41 Lack of precise documentation does not allow to specify precisely which elements of the above were involved in the Wola killing It is also possible that some units of the other assault group that operated in the Wola area Angriffsgruppe Reck were taking active part in the events as they also consisted of police gendarmerie and special assignment units Hptm Kirchhubel s Warschau Polizei Kompanie Hptm Fersemann s Polizei Wachtkompanie platoon of SS Rontgen MG Kompanie from Poznan but also SS Grenadiere of SS Schule Treskau and Azerbaijani 7 Komp II Bt Bergmann 9 Ostturkische Waffen Verbande der SS editOn October 20 1944 the rest of the Ostmuselmanisches SS Regiment was transferred from Ukraine to Slovakia and renamed Ostturkische Waffen Verbande der SS and reorganized into 3 battalions organized along ethnic lines 1 Waffengruppe Turkestan 1 Waffengruppe Aserbeidschan 2851 soldiers Gerhard von Mende archives 1 Waffengruppe Idel UralEach battalion would consist of staff one staff company and five infantry companies The Ostmuselmanisches regiment was integrated into the Ostturkische Waffen Verbande der SS and was considered to be dissolved In December 1944 The Waffen Gruppe Aserbeidschan commander W Ostuf Kerrar Alesgerli was transferred to the Kaukasiche Waffen Verbande der SS The disbanded Tatar Waffen Gebirgs Brigade der SS would replace the Azerbaijani soldiers Commander SS Standartenfuhrer Harun el Raschid Hintersatz born Wilhelm Hintersatz A German officer born in Senftenberg Lausitz who had converted to Islam in 1919 10 The reorganisations began in January 1945 as follows SS Waffengruppe Turkestan SS Waffengruppe Krim SS Waffengruppe Idel UralsApparently new volunteers were integrated because the Ostturkische Waffen Verbande had increased from 5 000 men in January 1945 to 8 500 men in the period of February May 1945 As Hitler s Reich crumbled the Waffen SS gave up all adherence to standards for recruit selection If they could walk and shoot a rifle they were good enough for the SS At this time all German military forces were scraping the bottom of the manpower barrel for example in January 1945 Heer and Waffen SS recruiting centres were combined Waffen SS troops were increasingly transfers from other military branches of the Wehrmacht from paramilitary and labour formations 2 5 11 12 13 The whole unit arrived in March 1945 in Merate 20 km north of Milan northern Italy Assigned to the area s defence the Ostturkische Waffen Verbande apparently participated in no larger operation against partisans On 26 April 1945 Hintersatz signed a pact with the local partisan command according to which the soldiers would remain in the barracks in Merate until the US troops arrived This happened on 30 April 1945 the whole unit went into the 1st Armored Division s hands 14 Kaukasischer Waffen Verband der SS editIn December 1944 while training in Slovakia a rumour that the unit was to be transferred to Russian Liberation Army demoralized the soldiers On December 24 450 men deserted on Christmas Eve although 300 eventually returned The Azerberjani regiment was removed from the Ostturkische Waffen Verbande on 30 December 1944 and transferred to Kaukasischer Waffen Verband der SS 15 Kaukasischer Waffen Verband der SS also known as Freiwilligen Brigade Nordkaukasien began forming with volunteers from the Caucasus region with the Frewilligen Stamm Division as a nucleus It was transferred from the Neuhammer training camp to Paluzza in northern Italy in Jan 1945 and was still forming when it surrendered to British forces at the end of the war Commander SS Standartenfuhrer Arved TheuermannOrganisation 16 Stab Kaukasischer Waffen Verband der SS Stab Waffen Gruppe Armenien Stab Waffen Gruppe Nordkaukasus Stab Waffen Gruppe Georgien Stab Waffen Gruppe Aserbeidschan 1090 soldiers Gerhard von Mende archives See also editAzerbaijani Legion Free Arabian Legion Ostlegionen Israfil IsrafilovReferences editNotes edit Klietmann 1965 pp 381 382 Referred there to as Turk Btl 480 a b c Neulen 1985 p 332 Ismayil Akber Die Azerbaydzhanische Legionare Im kampf Romanko 2004 a b c Klietmann 1965 p 382 Munoz 1991 pp 164 165 Munoz 1991 p 164 Rolf Michaelis Die SS Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger Vom Warschauer Aufstand bis zum Kessel von Halbe Band II 1 Auflage Verlag Rolf Michaelis 2003 ISBN 3 930849 32 1 Rolf Michaelis Die SS Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger Vom Warschauer Aufstand bis zum Kessel von Halbe Band II 1 Auflage 2003 ISBN 3 930849 32 1 http www powstanie warszawskie 1944 ac pl niemcy 20 w powstaniu warszaws2 htm http www powstanie warszawskie 1944 ac pl cv reinefarth htm www poloniatoday com uprising5 htm 20k www powstanie warszawskie 1944 ac pl niemcy 20 w powstaniu warszaws2 htm 74k Mazower 2008 p 465 Tessin 1980 see for the description of SS Waffengrupp Aserbeidschan Munoz 1991 p 172 173 175 176 Mehner 1995 p 264 Pfeiffer 2007a Munoz 1991 Pfeiffer 2007b Bibliography editKlietmann Dr K G 1965 Die Waffen SS Eine Dokumentation in German Osnabruck Verlag der Freiwillige Mazower Mark 2008 Hitler s Empire Munoz Antonio J 1991 Forgotten Legions Obscure Combat Formations of the Waffen SS Axis Europa Books Neulen Hans Werner 1985 An deutscher Seite Internationale Freiwillige von Wehrmacht und Waffen SS On the German side international volunteers of the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS in German Universitas Verlag Munchen Pfeiffer Roland 2007a Der Ostturkische Waffen Verband der SS Archived from the original on 20 March 2008 Pfeiffer Roland 2007b Der Kaukasische Waffen Verband der SS Archived from the original on 20 March 2008 Romanko Oleg 2004 Musulmanskie legiony Vtoroj mirovoj vojny Muslim legions of the Second World War in Russian AST ISBN 9785957805007 Tessin Georg 1980 Verbande und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939 1945 Vol 14 Osnabruck a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Mehner Kurt 1995 Waffen SS und Ordnungspolizei 1939 1945 Fuhrung und Truppe Norderstedt Militair Verlag Klaus D Patzwall Akber Ismayil Die Azerbaydzhanische Legionare Im kampf Further reading editEduard Abramian Forgotten Legion Sonderverbande Bergmann in World War II 1941 1945 Eduard Abramian Kavkatsy v Abvere Moscow 2006 Christopher Ailsby Hitler s Renegades Foreign Nationals in the Service of the Third Reich Wladyslaw Anders Russian Volunteers in Hitler s Army 1941 1945 Christopher Bishop SS Hitler s Foreign Divisions Foreign Volunteers in the Waffen SS 1940 1945 J Borsarello amp W Palinckx Wehrmacht amp SS Caucasian Muslim Asian Troops Dallin A German Rule in Russia 1941 1945 A Study of occupation policies London New York 1957 Littlejohn D Foreign Legions of the Third Reich In 4 vols San Jose 1987 Vol 4 Antonio J Munoz The East Came West Muslim Hindu amp Buddhist Volunteers in the German Armed Forces 1941 1945 Munoz Antonio J Forgotten Legions Obscure Combat Formations of the Waffen SS Axis Europa Books 1991 Antonio Munoz amp Dr Oleg V Romanko Hitler s White Russians Collaboration Extermination and Anti Partisan Warfare in Byelorussia 1941 1944 Foreign Volunteers of the Wehrmacht 1941 45 K Yurado Tessin Georg Verbande und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939 1945 20 Bde Osnabruck 1967 ff Held Walter Verbande und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg Eine Bibliographie der deutschsprachigen Nachkriegsliteratur 5 Bde Osnabruck 1978 ff Joachim Hoffmann Die Ostlegionen 1941 1943 Turkotartaren Kaukasier und Wolgafinnen im deutschen Heer Freiburg 1976 Jeloschek Albert und Friedrich Richter Ehrenfried Schutte Johannes Semmler Freiwillige vom Kaukasus Georgier amp Tschetschenen auf deutscher Seite Der Sonderverband Bergmann unter Theo Oberlander Graz Stuttgart 2003 VA MA Oberkommando des Heeres Generalstab des Heeres H 1 136 bl 64 NARA Microcopy T 354 Roll 161 Frames 3806724 through 3807091 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations amp oldid 1175534985, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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