He is usually surnamed "Maraghai", but also mentioned as Awhadi Esfahani because his father hailed from Isfahan and he himself spent part of his life there. He first chose the pen-name Safi, but changed it to Awhadi after becoming a devotee of the school of the famous mystic Awhad al-Din Kermani.[3]
His full name was Awhad al-Din (or Rukn al-Din) ibn Husayn Isfahani. According to a verse in his Mathnawi-yi Jam-i jam, Awhadi was born in the city of Isfahan in c. 1274. He most likely lived there until his later teens. At the start of the 1290s, Awhadi went on a long trip, visiting various places, such as Basra, Baghdad, Damascus, Sultaniyya, Karbala, Kufa, Najaf, Qum and Hamadan. He also briefly lived in Mecca. In c. 1306, Awhadi permanently settled in Maragha, but would also regularly visit Tabriz to the north, which was a day's travel. He died on 6 April 1338 at Maragha,[1] where he is buried.[3]
Awhadi has a divan of 8000 verses which consists of the Persian poetic forms qasidas, ghazals, tarji'bands and rubaʿis. The qasidas are in praise of Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan and his vizier, Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad, the son of Rashid al-Din Hamadani. His other poems play on various themes including mysticism, ethics, and religious subjects. He also is known for his marsiyas (elegies).[3]
In addition to his divan of shorter poems, he has left two important Persian works in Masnavi form. The Dah-nama or Manteq al-Oshaaq consists of 600 verses and was completed in 1307 for Wajih Al-din Yusef, the grandson of the famous Nasir al-Din Tusi. His most important and well known work was the Masnavi Jām-i Jam ("The Cup of Jamshid") also called Jām-e-Jahānbīn ("The mirror of the universe"). It was written in 1333 and has 5000 verses and follows the style of Sanai's Hadiqah.[3]
Sample quotes from Jām-i Jam:
«پایداری به عدل و داد بود// ظلم و شاهی، چراغ و باد بود»
«خاك از ایشان چگونه مشك شود// گر به دریا روند خشك شـود»
«دزد را شحنه راه و رخت نمود// کشتن دزد بی‌گناه چه سود؟// دزد با شحنه چون شریک بود// کوچه‌ها را عسس چریک بود»
«نفس خود را بكش نبرد اين است// منتهای كمال مرد این است»
Ali Karamustafa notes in Der Islam, narrating about perceptions of Turkomans in Iran and the lands further west in the 12th to 14th centuries, that Awhadi Maraghai considered Turkomans to be "unthinking (bī-fekr) and naïve country bumpkins easily fooled by thieves."[4]
Fahlavi Poemedit
Awhad Maraghai has three ghazals in the Fahlavi dialect of Isfahan, arranged under the title of "in the language of Isfahan".[5]
^Buchanan-Brown, John Steinberg, S. H., Sigfrid Henry Cassell's Encyclopaedia of World Literature 3 Volume. 2nd revised and enlarged ed., general editor J. Buchanan-Brown London, Cassell, 1973 - p. 86 Auhadi (Maragheh 1337/38), Persian poet, author of a mystical poem
^Karamustafa, A. (2020). "Who were the Türkmen of Ottoman and Safavid lands? An overlooked early modern identity". Der Islam. 97 (2): 482. doi:10.1515/islam-2020-0030.
Khaleghi-Motlagh, Dj. (1987). "Awḥadī Marāḡaʾī". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 119. ISBN978-0-71009-114-7.
Lewisohn, Leonard (2011). "Awḥadī Marāghaʾī". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_30552. ISSN 1873-9830.
Tafazzoli, Ahmad (1999). "Fahlavīyāt". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume IX/2: Excavations IV–Fārābī V. Music. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 158–162. ISBN978-0-933273-27-6.
Further readingedit
Maraghai, Awhadi (1961). Nafisi, Saeed (ed.). Dīvān-i Awhadī Marāgheī (in Persian). Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Awhadi Maraghai.
awhadi, maraghai, awhadi, maraghei, also, spelled, auhadi, persian, اوحدی, مراغه, ای, 1274, 1338, persian, sufi, poet, primarily, based, azerbaijan, during, rule, mongol, ilkhanate, folio, copy, signed, kamal, behzad, timurid, herat, dated, 1459, 60born1274, 7. Awhadi Maraghei also spelled Auhadi Persian اوحدی مراغه ای 1274 75 1338 was a Persian Sufi poet primarily based in Azerbaijan during the rule of the Mongol Ilkhanate 1 2 Awhadi MaraghaiFolio of a copy of Awhadi Maraghai s Jam i Jam signed by Kamal ud Din Behzad Timurid Herat dated 1459 60Born1274 75Isfahan IlkhanateDied6 April 1338Maragha Jalayirid SultanateNotable worksDivan of Awhadi MaraghaiMathnawi yi Jam i jam He is usually surnamed Maraghai but also mentioned as Awhadi Esfahani because his father hailed from Isfahan and he himself spent part of his life there He first chose the pen name Safi but changed it to Awhadi after becoming a devotee of the school of the famous mystic Awhad al Din Kermani 3 Contents 1 Life 2 Work 3 Fahlavi Poem 4 References 5 Sources 6 Further readingLife editHis full name was Awhad al Din or Rukn al Din ibn Husayn Isfahani According to a verse in his Mathnawi yi Jam i jam Awhadi was born in the city of Isfahan in c 1274 He most likely lived there until his later teens At the start of the 1290s Awhadi went on a long trip visiting various places such as Basra Baghdad Damascus Sultaniyya Karbala Kufa Najaf Qum and Hamadan He also briefly lived in Mecca In c 1306 Awhadi permanently settled in Maragha but would also regularly visit Tabriz to the north which was a day s travel He died on 6 April 1338 at Maragha 1 where he is buried 3 Work edit nbsp Recent tomb of Awhadi Maragha Awhadi has a divan of 8000 verses which consists of the Persian poetic forms qasidas ghazals tarji bands and rubaʿis The qasidas are in praise of Abu Sa id Bahadur Khan and his vizier Ghiyath al Din Muhammad the son of Rashid al Din Hamadani His other poems play on various themes including mysticism ethics and religious subjects He also is known for his marsiyas elegies 3 In addition to his divan of shorter poems he has left two important Persian works in Masnavi form The Dah nama or Manteq al Oshaaq consists of 600 verses and was completed in 1307 for Wajih Al din Yusef the grandson of the famous Nasir al Din Tusi His most important and well known work was the Masnavi Jam i Jam The Cup of Jamshid also called Jam e Jahanbin The mirror of the universe It was written in 1333 and has 5000 verses and follows the style of Sanai s Hadiqah 3 Sample quotes from Jam i Jam پایداری به عدل و داد بود ظلم و شاهی چراغ و باد بود خاك از ایشان چگونه مشك شود گر به دریا روند خشك شـود خواب را گفته ای برادر مرگ چو بخسبی همی زنی در مرگ دزد را شحنه راه و رخت نمود کشتن دزد بی گناه چه سود دزد با شحنه چون شریک بود کوچه ها را عسس چریک بود نفس خود را بكش نبرد اين است منتهای كمال مرد این است Ali Karamustafa notes in Der Islam narrating about perceptions of Turkomans in Iran and the lands further west in the 12th to 14th centuries that Awhadi Maraghai considered Turkomans to be unthinking bi fekr and naive country bumpkins easily fooled by thieves 4 Fahlavi Poem editAwhad Maraghai has three ghazals in the Fahlavi dialect of Isfahan arranged under the title of in the language of Isfahan 5 References edit a b Lewisohn 2011 Buchanan Brown John Steinberg S H Sigfrid Henry Cassell s Encyclopaedia of World Literature 3 Volume 2nd revised and enlarged ed general editor J Buchanan Brown London Cassell 1973 p 86 Auhadi Maragheh 1337 38 Persian poet author of a mystical poem a b c d Khaleghi Motlagh 1987 p 119 Karamustafa A 2020 Who were the Turkmen of Ottoman and Safavid lands An overlooked early modern identity Der Islam 97 2 482 doi 10 1515 islam 2020 0030 Tafazzoli 1999 pp 158 162 Sources editKhaleghi Motlagh Dj 1987 Awḥadi Maraḡaʾi In Yarshater Ehsan ed Encyclopaedia Iranica Volume III 2 Awaʾel al maqalat Azerbaijan IV London and New York Routledge amp Kegan Paul p 119 ISBN 978 0 71009 114 7 Lewisohn Leonard 2011 Awḥadi Maraghaʾi In Fleet Kate Kramer Gudrun Matringe Denis Nawas John Rowson Everett eds Encyclopaedia of Islam 3rd ed Brill Online doi 10 1163 1573 3912 ei3 COM 30552 ISSN 1873 9830 Rypka Jan 1968 History of Iranian Literature Springer Netherlands ISBN 978 9401034814 Tafazzoli Ahmad 1999 Fahlaviyat In Yarshater Ehsan ed Encyclopaedia Iranica Volume IX 2 Excavations IV Farabi V Music London and New York Routledge amp Kegan Paul pp 158 162 ISBN 978 0 933273 27 6 Further reading editMaraghai Awhadi 1961 Nafisi Saeed ed Divan i Awhadi Maraghei in Persian Tehran Amir Kabir nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Awhadi Maraghai nbsp Poetry portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Awhadi Maraghai amp oldid 1170915740, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
