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Liv Glacier

January 01, 1970

Liv Glacier (84°55′S 168°0′W / 84.917°S 168.000°W / -84.917; -168.000) is a steep valley glacier, 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi) long, emerging from the Antarctic Plateau just southeast of Barnum Peak and draining north through the Queen Maud Mountains to enter Ross Ice Shelf between Mayer Crags and Duncan Mountains. It was discovered in 1911 by Roald Amundsen, who named it for the daughter of Fridtjof Nansen.[1]

Liv Glacier from the air in 1925
Coordinates84°55′S 168°0′W / 84.917°S 168.000°W / -84.917; -168.000
TerminusRoss Ice Shelf

Richard E. Byrd chose this glacier as his route to the Polar Plateau on 28 November 1929 when he flew from Little America to the South Pole.[2]

Location edit

 
Upper course of the glacier (east of map)
 
Mouth of the glacier (east of the map)

According to Sailing Directions for Antarctica (1960), "The Liv Glacier (85° S. 168° W.) reaches the Ross Ice Shelf on the western side of the Duncan Mountains. It is about 7 miles wide and trends southward about 40 miles to the polar plateau. The Fisher Mountains[a] rise prominently forming the western wall, and the massif of Mount Fridtjof Nansen, about 13,156 feet high, forms the eastern flank of the Liv Glacier. The northern slopes of this sandstone and granite massif were investigated by Gould in 1929, and coal beds found. Many tributary or dendritic glaciers feed the Liv Glacier from the heights of the bordering mountains."[4]

The head of Liv Glacier is on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, where it passes through Hump Passage. The glacier flow north, and near its head is joined by the LaVergne Glacier. It turn northeast, and flows on both sides past McKinley Nunatak, June Nunatak and Aviator Nunatak. Opposite June Nunatak it is joined from the left (northwest) by DeGanahl Glacier. Further down it is joined from the left by Zotikov Glacier, then from the right by Somero Glacier.[5] It flows into the Ross Ice Shelf between Mount Henson to the northwest and Morris Peak to the southeast.[6]

Head edit

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

Hump Passage edit

85°27′S 170°12′W / 85.450°S 170.200°W / -85.450; -170.200. A wide gap just southeast of Barnum Peak, through which Liv Glacier emerges from the polar plateau. It was originally referred to as the "Hump" by Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd and is the pass over which he made his historic South Pole flight of 1929. The feature was observed by the Southern Party of NZGSAE (1961-62) who recommended perpetuation of a form of the original name.[7]

Nunataks edit

The three nunataks in Liv Glacier are, from south to north,

McKinley Nunatak edit

85°18′S 170°03′W / 85.300°S 170.050°W / -85.300; -170.050. The southernmost of three large nunataks in upper Liv Glacier, about 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) north-north-east of Barnum Peak. Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE (1961-62) for Capt. Ashley C. McKinley, photographer with R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd on his South Pole flight of 1929.[8]

June Nunatak edit

85°14′S 169°29′W / 85.233°S 169.483°W / -85.233; -169.483. The central of three nunataks in mid-stream of the upper Liv Glacier, standing about 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) southeast of Mount Wells, in the Queen Maud Mountains. Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE (1961-62) for Harold June, aviator and engineer on the South Pole flight of R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd in 1929.[9]

Aviator Nunatak edit

 
The Fokker F.VII of Byrd and Bennett in flight

85°11′S 168°58′W / 85.183°S 168.967°W / -85.183; -168.967. The northernmost of three large nunataks in the upper Liv Glacier, standing 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) east of Mount Wells. Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE (1961–62) for the aviators of R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd's flight to the South Pole in 1929.[10]

Tributaries edit

LaVergne Glacier edit

85°19′S 170°45′W / 85.317°S 170.750°W / -85.317; -170.750. A tributary glacier about 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) long, flowing east along the south slopes of Seabee Heights to enter Liv Glacier close southwest of McKinley Nunatak. Named by US-ACAN for Lt. Cdr. Cornelius B. de LaVergne, Deputy Commander of Antarctic Support Activity at McMurdo Station during USN OpdFrz 1961.[11]

DeGanahl Glacier edit

85°13′S 170°35′W / 85.217°S 170.583°W / -85.217; -170.583. A narrow, steep-walled glacier about 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) long, flowing southeast from Jones Peak into the west side of Liv Glacier, opposite June Nunatak. Discovered and photographed by R. Admiral Byrd on the South Pole Flight in November 1929 and named for Joe DeGanahl, navigator and dog driver and member of the Supporting Party, ByrdAE, 1928-30.[12]

Zotikov Glacier edit

85°02′S 169°15′W / 85.033°S 169.250°W / -85.033; -169.250. A tributary glacier, 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) long, flowing northeast from Mount Fisher in the Prince Olav Mountains and entering Liv Glacier just east of Hardiman Peak. Named by US-ACAN for Igor A. Zotikov, Soviet exchange scientist to the USARP at McMurdo Station in 1965.[13]

Somero Glacier edit

85°00′S 167°12′W / 85.000°S 167.200°W / -85.000; -167.200. A tributary glacier 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) long, flowing northwest from Mount Fairweather to enter Liv Glacier just south of the west end of the Duncan Mountains. Named by US-ACAN for George N. Somero, USARP biologist at McMurdo Station, 1963-64, and winter 1965.[14]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Fisher Mountains: the term is now limited to Mount Fisher in the Prince Olav Mountains.[3]

References edit

  1. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 438.
  2. ^ Liv Glacier NZ Gazette.
  3. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 341.
  4. ^ Sailing Directions for Antarctica 1960, p. 258.
  5. ^ Liv Glacier USGS.
  6. ^ Shackleton Glacier USGS.
  7. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 354.
  8. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 478.
  9. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 379.
  10. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 36.
  11. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 422.
  12. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 180.
  13. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 833.
  14. ^ Alberts 1995, p. 692.

Sources edit

  • Alberts, Fred G., ed. (1995), Geographic Names of the Antarctic (PDF) (2 ed.), United States Board on Geographic Names, retrieved 2023-12-03   This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Board on Geographic Names.
  • "Liv Glacier", NZ Gazette Reference, 2012, retrieved 2023-12-26
  • Liv Glacier, USGS: United States Geological Survey, retrieved 2023-12-26
  • Sailing Directions for Antarctica: Including the Off-Lying Islands South of Latitude 60 Degrees S. (2 ed.), United States. Hydrographic Office, 1960   This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Hydrographic Office.
  • Shackleton Glacier, USGS: United States Geological Survey, retrieved 2023-12-26

January 01, 1970
glacier, steep, valley, glacier, nautical, miles, long, emerging, from, antarctic, plateau, just, southeast, barnum, peak, draining, north, through, queen, maud, mountains, enter, ross, shelf, between, mayer, crags, duncan, mountains, discovered, 1911, roald, . Liv Glacier 84 55 S 168 0 W 84 917 S 168 000 W 84 917 168 000 is a steep valley glacier 40 nautical miles 74 km 46 mi long emerging from the Antarctic Plateau just southeast of Barnum Peak and draining north through the Queen Maud Mountains to enter Ross Ice Shelf between Mayer Crags and Duncan Mountains It was discovered in 1911 by Roald Amundsen who named it for the daughter of Fridtjof Nansen 1 Liv Glacier from the air in 1925Coordinates84 55 S 168 0 W 84 917 S 168 000 W 84 917 168 000TerminusRoss Ice Shelf Richard E Byrd chose this glacier as his route to the Polar Plateau on 28 November 1929 when he flew from Little America to the South Pole 2 Contents 1 Location 2 Head 2 1 Hump Passage 3 Nunataks 3 1 McKinley Nunatak 3 2 June Nunatak 3 3 Aviator Nunatak 4 Tributaries 4 1 LaVergne Glacier 4 2 DeGanahl Glacier 4 3 Zotikov Glacier 4 4 Somero Glacier 5 Notes 6 References 7 SourcesLocation edit nbsp Upper course of the glacier east of map nbsp Mouth of the glacier east of the map According to Sailing Directions for Antarctica 1960 The Liv Glacier 85 S 168 W reaches the Ross Ice Shelf on the western side of the Duncan Mountains It is about 7 miles wide and trends southward about 40 miles to the polar plateau The Fisher Mountains a rise prominently forming the western wall and the massif of Mount Fridtjof Nansen about 13 156 feet high forms the eastern flank of the Liv Glacier The northern slopes of this sandstone and granite massif were investigated by Gould in 1929 and coal beds found Many tributary or dendritic glaciers feed the Liv Glacier from the heights of the bordering mountains 4 The head of Liv Glacier is on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet where it passes through Hump Passage The glacier flow north and near its head is joined by the LaVergne Glacier It turn northeast and flows on both sides past McKinley Nunatak June Nunatak and Aviator Nunatak Opposite June Nunatak it is joined from the left northwest by DeGanahl Glacier Further down it is joined from the left by Zotikov Glacier then from the right by Somero Glacier 5 It flows into the Ross Ice Shelf between Mount Henson to the northwest and Morris Peak to the southeast 6 Head editMap all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as KML GPX all coordinates GPX primary coordinates GPX secondary coordinates Hump Passage edit 85 27 S 170 12 W 85 450 S 170 200 W 85 450 170 200 A wide gap just southeast of Barnum Peak through which Liv Glacier emerges from the polar plateau It was originally referred to as the Hump by Rear Admiral Richard E Byrd and is the pass over which he made his historic South Pole flight of 1929 The feature was observed by the Southern Party of NZGSAE 1961 62 who recommended perpetuation of a form of the original name 7 Nunataks editThe three nunataks in Liv Glacier are from south to north McKinley Nunatak edit 85 18 S 170 03 W 85 300 S 170 050 W 85 300 170 050 The southernmost of three large nunataks in upper Liv Glacier about 5 nautical miles 9 3 km 5 8 mi north north east of Barnum Peak Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE 1961 62 for Capt Ashley C McKinley photographer with R Admiral Richard E Byrd on his South Pole flight of 1929 8 June Nunatak edit 85 14 S 169 29 W 85 233 S 169 483 W 85 233 169 483 The central of three nunataks in mid stream of the upper Liv Glacier standing about 4 nautical miles 7 4 km 4 6 mi southeast of Mount Wells in the Queen Maud Mountains Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE 1961 62 for Harold June aviator and engineer on the South Pole flight of R Admiral Richard E Byrd in 1929 9 Aviator Nunatak edit nbsp The Fokker F VII of Byrd and Bennett in flight 85 11 S 168 58 W 85 183 S 168 967 W 85 183 168 967 The northernmost of three large nunataks in the upper Liv Glacier standing 4 nautical miles 7 4 km 4 6 mi east of Mount Wells Named by the Southern Party of the NZGSAE 1961 62 for the aviators of R Admiral Richard E Byrd s flight to the South Pole in 1929 10 Tributaries editLaVergne Glacier edit 85 19 S 170 45 W 85 317 S 170 750 W 85 317 170 750 A tributary glacier about 7 nautical miles 13 km 8 1 mi long flowing east along the south slopes of Seabee Heights to enter Liv Glacier close southwest of McKinley Nunatak Named by US ACAN for Lt Cdr Cornelius B de LaVergne Deputy Commander of Antarctic Support Activity at McMurdo Station during USN OpdFrz 1961 11 DeGanahl Glacier edit 85 13 S 170 35 W 85 217 S 170 583 W 85 217 170 583 A narrow steep walled glacier about 10 nautical miles 19 km 12 mi long flowing southeast from Jones Peak into the west side of Liv Glacier opposite June Nunatak Discovered and photographed by R Admiral Byrd on the South Pole Flight in November 1929 and named for Joe DeGanahl navigator and dog driver and member of the Supporting Party ByrdAE 1928 30 12 Zotikov Glacier edit 85 02 S 169 15 W 85 033 S 169 250 W 85 033 169 250 A tributary glacier 8 nautical miles 15 km 9 2 mi long flowing northeast from Mount Fisher in the Prince Olav Mountains and entering Liv Glacier just east of Hardiman Peak Named by US ACAN for Igor A Zotikov Soviet exchange scientist to the USARP at McMurdo Station in 1965 13 Somero Glacier edit 85 00 S 167 12 W 85 000 S 167 200 W 85 000 167 200 A tributary glacier 7 nautical miles 13 km 8 1 mi long flowing northwest from Mount Fairweather to enter Liv Glacier just south of the west end of the Duncan Mountains Named by US ACAN for George N Somero USARP biologist at McMurdo Station 1963 64 and winter 1965 14 Notes edit Fisher Mountains the term is now limited to Mount Fisher in the Prince Olav Mountains 3 References edit Alberts 1995 p 438 Liv Glacier NZ Gazette Alberts 1995 p 341 Sailing Directions for Antarctica 1960 p 258 Liv Glacier USGS Shackleton Glacier USGS Alberts 1995 p 354 Alberts 1995 p 478 Alberts 1995 p 379 Alberts 1995 p 36 Alberts 1995 p 422 Alberts 1995 p 180 Alberts 1995 p 833 Alberts 1995 p 692 Sources editAlberts Fred G ed 1995 Geographic Names of the Antarctic PDF 2 ed United States Board on Geographic Names retrieved 2023 12 03 nbsp This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Board on Geographic Names Liv Glacier NZ Gazette Reference 2012 retrieved 2023 12 26 Liv Glacier USGS United States Geological Survey retrieved 2023 12 26 Sailing Directions for Antarctica Including the Off Lying Islands South of Latitude 60 Degrees S 2 ed United States Hydrographic Office 1960 nbsp This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Hydrographic Office Shackleton Glacier USGS United States Geological Survey retrieved 2023 12 26 nbsp This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Liv Glacier amp oldid 1195856389 Aviator Nunatak, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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