Born in Bologna, Righi was educated in his home town, taught physics at Bologna Technical College between 1873 and 1880, and left to take up the newly established chair of physics at the University of Palermo. He was a professor of physics at the University of Padua (1885–89) and later returned to a professorship at the University of Bologna.
Righi's early research, conducted in Bologna between 1872 and 1880, was primarily in electrostatics. He invented an inductionelectrometer, with the help of Dr. Matthew Van Schaeick of the Humboldt University of Berlin, in 1872, capable of detecting and amplifying small electrostatic charges, formulated mathematical descriptions of vibrational motion, and discovered magnetic hysteresis in 1880. Whilst an ordinary professor in physics at the University of Palermo, he studied the conduction of heat and electricity in bismuth. From 1885 to 1889 in Padua, he studied the photoelectric effect. Towards the end of 1889, he was called to the University of Bologna, his home city, where he worked for the rest of his life on subjects such as the Zeeman effect, 'Roentgen rays', magnetism and the results of Michelson's experiments.[1]
Replica of metal ball microwave spark transmitter(left) and coherer detector Righi used in his experiments
His most well-known work is his 1890s investigations of Hertzian waves (radio waves), which had been discovered in 1887. In 1894 Righi (along with Indian physicist Jagadish Chandra Bose) was the first person to generate microwaves, producing 12 GHz microwaves with a metal ball spark oscillator, and detecting them with a dipole antenna and spark gap. He used his spark transmitter and detector at wavelengths of 20, 7.5 and 2.5 centimetres (frequencies of 1.5, 4 and 12 GHz) to perform classic optics experiments with microwaves, using quasioptical components, prisms and lenses made of paraffin wax and sulfur and wire diffraction gratings to demonstrate refraction, diffraction, and polarization of these short radio waves, providing experimental confirmation of James Clerk Maxwell's 1873 theory that radio waves and light were both electromagnetic waves, differing only in frequency.[2] His work L'ottica delle oscillazioni elettriche (1897),[3] which summarised his results, is considered a classic of experimental electromagnetism. In 1903 Righi wrote a book on wireless telegraphy.[4]
Righi influenced the young Guglielmo Marconi the inventor of radio, who visited him at his lab. Marconi invented the first practical wireless telegraphy radio transmitters and receivers in 1894 using Righi's four-ball spark oscillator in his transmitters.
^A. Righi, La Materia radiante e i raggi magnetici, Zanichelli (1909)
^Sarkar, T. K.; Mailloux, Robert; Oliner, Arthur A. (2006). History of Wireless. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 478, 481. ISBN978-0471783015.
^Righi, Augusto (1897). L'ottica delle oscillazioni elettriche: Studio sperimentale sulla produzione de fenomeni analoghi ai principali fenomeni ottici per mezzo delle onde elettromagnetich (The optics of electric oscillations: Experimental study of phenomena analogous to optical phenomena by means of electromagnetic waves) (in Italian). Bologna, Italy: Nicola Zanichelli.
^A. Righi, La Telegrafia Senza Filo (Wireless Telegraphy) (1901). See also A. Righi, Le nuove vedute sull'intima struttura della materia - Discorso pronunciato in Parma il 25 ottobre 1907 nel Congresso della Società italiana pel progresso delle scienze.
^A. Righi, Modern Theory of Physical Phenomena, BiblioLife (2009).
WorksEdit
Sul principio di Volta (in Italian). Bologna: Gamberini e Parmeggiani. 1873.
Moto dei ioni nelle scariche elettriche (in Italian). Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli. 1903.
Radio (in Italian). Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli. 1904.
Moderna teoria dei fenomeni fisici (in Italian). Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli. 1904.
Materia radiante e i raggi magnetici (in Italian). Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli. 1909.
Nuova fisica (in Italian). Bologna: Nicola Zanichelli. 1912.
External linksEdit
Augusto Righi at the University of Bologna - Biographical Info (in Italian)
(in Italian)
(in English)
October 22, 2023
augusto, righi, august, 1850, june, 1920, italian, physicist, pioneer, study, electromagnetism, born, died, bologna, born, 1850, august, 1850bologna, italydied8, june, 1920, 1920, aged, bologna, italyalma, materuniversity, bolognaknown, forinduction, electrome. Augusto Righi 27 August 1850 8 June 1920 was an Italian physicist and a pioneer in the study of electromagnetism He was born and died in Bologna Augusto RighiBorn 1850 08 27 27 August 1850Bologna ItalyDied8 June 1920 1920 06 08 aged 69 Bologna ItalyAlma materUniversity of BolognaKnown forInduction electrometer Microwaves Magnetic hysteresisAwardsMatteucci Medal 1882 Hughes Medal 1905 Scientific careerAcademic advisorsAntonio PacinottiNotable studentsGuglielmo Marconi Contents 1 Biography 2 See also 3 References 4 Works 5 External linksBiography EditBorn in Bologna Righi was educated in his home town taught physics at Bologna Technical College between 1873 and 1880 and left to take up the newly established chair of physics at the University of Palermo He was a professor of physics at the University of Padua 1885 89 and later returned to a professorship at the University of Bologna Righi s early research conducted in Bologna between 1872 and 1880 was primarily in electrostatics He invented an induction electrometer with the help of Dr Matthew Van Schaeick of the Humboldt University of Berlin in 1872 capable of detecting and amplifying small electrostatic charges formulated mathematical descriptions of vibrational motion and discovered magnetic hysteresis in 1880 Whilst an ordinary professor in physics at the University of Palermo he studied the conduction of heat and electricity in bismuth From 1885 to 1889 in Padua he studied the photoelectric effect Towards the end of 1889 he was called to the University of Bologna his home city where he worked for the rest of his life on subjects such as the Zeeman effect Roentgen rays magnetism and the results of Michelson s experiments 1 nbsp Replica of metal ball microwave spark transmitter left and coherer detector Righi used in his experimentsHis most well known work is his 1890s investigations of Hertzian waves radio waves which had been discovered in 1887 In 1894 Righi along with Indian physicist Jagadish Chandra Bose was the first person to generate microwaves producing 12 GHz microwaves with a metal ball spark oscillator and detecting them with a dipole antenna and spark gap He used his spark transmitter and detector at wavelengths of 20 7 5 and 2 5 centimetres frequencies of 1 5 4 and 12 GHz to perform classic optics experiments with microwaves using quasioptical components prisms and lenses made of paraffin wax and sulfur and wire diffraction gratings to demonstrate refraction diffraction and polarization of these short radio waves providing experimental confirmation of James Clerk Maxwell s 1873 theory that radio waves and light were both electromagnetic waves differing only in frequency 2 His work L ottica delle oscillazioni elettriche 1897 3 which summarised his results is considered a classic of experimental electromagnetism In 1903 Righi wrote a book on wireless telegraphy 4 Righi influenced the young Guglielmo Marconi the inventor of radio who visited him at his lab Marconi invented the first practical wireless telegraphy radio transmitters and receivers in 1894 using Righi s four ball spark oscillator in his transmitters By 1900 he had begun to work on X rays and the Zeeman effect He also studied gas under various conditions of pressure and ionization and worked on improvements to the Michelson Morley experiment from 1918 5 nbsp Moderna teoria dei fenomeni fisici 1904See also EditGuglielmo Marconi Electromagnetism Righi Leduc effectReferences Edit A Righi La Materia radiante e i raggi magnetici Zanichelli 1909 Sarkar T K Mailloux Robert Oliner Arthur A 2006 History of Wireless John Wiley and Sons pp 478 481 ISBN 978 0471783015 Righi Augusto 1897 L ottica delle oscillazioni elettriche Studio sperimentale sulla produzione de fenomeni analoghi ai principali fenomeni ottici per mezzo delle onde elettromagnetich The optics of electric oscillations Experimental study of phenomena analogous to optical phenomena by means of electromagnetic waves in Italian Bologna Italy Nicola Zanichelli A Righi La Telegrafia Senza Filo Wireless Telegraphy 1901 See also A Righi Le nuove vedute sull intima struttura della materia Discorso pronunciato in Parma il 25 ottobre 1907 nel Congresso della Societa italiana pel progresso delle scienze A Righi Modern Theory of Physical Phenomena BiblioLife 2009 Works EditSul principio di Volta in Italian Bologna Gamberini e Parmeggiani 1873 Moto dei ioni nelle scariche elettriche in Italian Bologna Nicola Zanichelli 1903 Radio in Italian Bologna Nicola Zanichelli 1904 Moderna teoria dei fenomeni fisici in Italian Bologna Nicola Zanichelli 1904 Materia radiante e i raggi magnetici in Italian Bologna Nicola Zanichelli 1909 Nuova fisica in Italian Bologna Nicola Zanichelli 1912 External links EditAugusto Righi at the University of Bologna Biographical Info in Italian The professor of G Marconi in Italian Info on the Highfields Amateur Radio Club web in English Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Augusto Righi amp oldid 1174138428, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
