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Asaphus

April 28, 2024

Not to be confused with Asaphes.

Asaphus (/ˈæsæfʌs/) is a genus of trilobites that is known from the Lower (upper Arenig) and Middle Ordovician of northwestern Europe (Sweden, Estonia, Saint Petersburg Area).[4]

Asaphus
Temporal range: upper Floian to Darriwilian
A. latus
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: †Trilobita
Order: †Asaphida
Family: †Asaphidae
Genus: †Asaphellus
Brongniart, 1822[1]
Type species
Entomostracites expansus[2]
Species
  • see text

Etymology edit

The generic name is derived from the Greek word asaphes, meaning "indistinct."

Description edit

 
A. plautini, enrolled

The headshield (or cephalon) and tailshield (or pygidium) are semicircular and without a border (defined by a furrow or a change in convexity parallel to its margin). The cephalon is of approximately equal size as the pygidium (or isopygous).

The central raised area of the cephalon (or glabella) is long, reaching the frontal margin. It may have faint lateral glabellar furrows or be smooth, and sometimes an inconspicuous tubercle is present just in front of the hardly discernible occipital ring. The natural fracture lines (sutures) of the head run along the top edges of the compound eye. From the back of the eye these cut to the back of the head (or is said to be opisthoparian) and not to the side. The free cheeks (or librigenae) are separated from each other anteriorly by a suture at the midline. The corner between the side and the back of the cephalon (or genal angle) is rounded or (in a few species) pointed into spines. Eyes holochroal, commonly more or less conical, short or moderate in length. In some evolution lines, the visual surface of the eye is raised on a stalk.

The lateral corners of the palate (or hypostome), visual from the ventral side, are more or less protruding, and the posterior part is forked with two triangular teeth. The reflexed margin of the exoskeleton (or doublure) is broad.

The articulate midlength part of the body (or thorax) consists of 8 segments. Furrows in the parts outside the axis (or pleural furrows) are diagonal.

The pygidium is rounded, and has a long axis with concave, posteriorly parallel sides. Some rings may be faintly defined anteriorly and the axis dissolves in the postaxial field. The areas outside the axis (or pleural fields) are smooth or very faintly ribbed.[5]

Species edit

 
A. kowalewskii
  • A. expansus (Wahlenberg, [1818])[6] (type species) synonyms Entomostracites expansus, Entomolithus paradoxus α expansus
  • A. acuminatus Boeck, 1838
  • A. bottnicus Jaanusson
  • A. broeggeri Schmidt, 1898
  • A. cornutus Pander, 1830
  • A. eichwaldi Schmidt
  • A. heckeri (Ivantsov)
  • A. holmi Schmidt, 1898
  • A. ingrianus Jaanusson, 1953
  • A. intermedius Lessnikova in Balashova, 1953
  • A. knyrkoi Schmidt
  • A. kotlukovi Lessnikova in Balashova, 1953
  • A. kowalewskii Lawrow, 1856
  • A. latus Pander, 1830
  • A. laevissimus Schmidt, 1898
  • A. lepidurus Neiszkowski, 1859
  • A. minor
  • A. neiszkowskii Schmidt, 1898
  • A. pachyophthalmus
  • A. platycephalus (Stokes, 1824) [7]
  • A. plautini Schmidt, 1898
  • A. punctatus Lessnikova, 1949
  • A. raniceps Dalman, 1827
  • A. robustus
  • A. sulvevi Jaanusson
  • A. vicarius (Toernquist, 1884)
  • A. wahlenbergi

Species previously assigned to Asaphus edit

 
A. expansus showing the broad doublure and the forked hypostome

As the genus Asaphus was established early, many species have since been reassigned to genera in various trilobite orders.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ Brongiart, Alexandre (1822). "Des corps organisés fossiles nommés trilobites". In Brongniart, Alexandre; Desmarest, Anselme-Gaëtan (eds.). Histoire naturelle des crustacés fossiles. Paris: L.-T. Cellot. pp. 17–25.
  2. ^ Jaanusson, Valdar (1956). "Proposed use of the Plenary Powers to suppress the generic name Asaphus as published by Brongniart in Desmarest, 1817, and to designate a type species in harmony with general usage for the genus Asaphus Brongniart, 1822 (Class Trilobita)". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 12 (3): 90–96.
  3. ^ Wahlenberg, Georgio (1821) [1818]. "Petrificata telluris svecanae". Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis. 8: 25–27.
  4. ^ Martin Stein & Jan Bergström (2010). "Some lower Middle Ordovician species of Asaphus (Trilobita) from Sweden". GFF. 132 (2): 105–116. Bibcode:2010GFF...132..105S. doi:10.1080/11035897.2010.486478. S2CID 129705036.
  5. ^ Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. O334–O436. ISBN 978-0-8137-3015-8.
  6. ^ International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1982). "Direction 111 - Entomostracites punctatus Wahlenberg (Trilobita) (Official List Of Specific Names No. 1595): Date To Be Cited As [1818]". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 39.
  7. ^ White, Charles Abiathar (1891). The Texan Permian and Its Mesozoic Types of Fossils. United States Geological Survey. p. 28. Retrieved 26 April 2018. charles stokes fossil.
  8. ^ Moore, R.C. (1959). Arthropoda I - Arthropoda General Features, Proarthropoda, Euarthropoda General Features, Trilobitomorpha. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part O. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. O446 and O468. ISBN 978-0-8137-3015-8.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Osmólska, H. (1970). "Revision of non-cyrtosymbolinid trilobites from the Tournaisian-Namurian of Eurasia". Palaeontologia Polonica. 23.

External links edit

  •   Data related to Asaphus at Wikispecies
  • Schematic of the relationships between the different species

April 28, 2024
asaphus, confused, with, asaphes, ˈæsæfʌs, genus, trilobites, that, known, from, lower, upper, arenig, middle, ordovician, northwestern, europe, sweden, estonia, saint, petersburg, area, temporal, range, upper, floian, darriwilian, preꞒ, latus, scientific, cla. Not to be confused with Asaphes Asaphus ˈaesaefʌs is a genus of trilobites that is known from the Lower upper Arenig and Middle Ordovician of northwestern Europe Sweden Estonia Saint Petersburg Area 4 AsaphusTemporal range upper Floian to Darriwilian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N A latus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Trilobita Order Asaphida Family Asaphidae Genus AsaphellusBrongniart 1822 1 Type species Entomostracites expansus 2 Wahlenberg 1818 3 Species see text Contents 1 Etymology 2 Description 3 Species 3 1 Species previously assigned to Asaphus 4 References 5 External linksEtymology editThe generic name is derived from the Greek word asaphes meaning indistinct Description edit nbsp A plautini enrolledThe headshield or cephalon and tailshield or pygidium are semicircular and without a border defined by a furrow or a change in convexity parallel to its margin The cephalon is of approximately equal size as the pygidium or isopygous The central raised area of the cephalon or glabella is long reaching the frontal margin It may have faint lateral glabellar furrows or be smooth and sometimes an inconspicuous tubercle is present just in front of the hardly discernible occipital ring The natural fracture lines sutures of the head run along the top edges of the compound eye From the back of the eye these cut to the back of the head or is said to be opisthoparian and not to the side The free cheeks or librigenae are separated from each other anteriorly by a suture at the midline The corner between the side and the back of the cephalon or genal angle is rounded or in a few species pointed into spines Eyes holochroal commonly more or less conical short or moderate in length In some evolution lines the visual surface of the eye is raised on a stalk The lateral corners of the palate or hypostome visual from the ventral side are more or less protruding and the posterior part is forked with two triangular teeth The reflexed margin of the exoskeleton or doublure is broad The articulate midlength part of the body or thorax consists of 8 segments Furrows in the parts outside the axis or pleural furrows are diagonal The pygidium is rounded and has a long axis with concave posteriorly parallel sides Some rings may be faintly defined anteriorly and the axis dissolves in the postaxial field The areas outside the axis or pleural fields are smooth or very faintly ribbed 5 Species editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed September 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp A kowalewskii A expansus Wahlenberg 1818 6 type species synonyms Entomostracites expansus Entomolithus paradoxus a expansus A acuminatus Boeck 1838 A bottnicus Jaanusson A broeggeri Schmidt 1898 A cornutus Pander 1830 A eichwaldi Schmidt A heckeri Ivantsov A holmi Schmidt 1898 A ingrianus Jaanusson 1953 A intermedius Lessnikova in Balashova 1953 A knyrkoi Schmidt A kotlukovi Lessnikova in Balashova 1953 A kowalewskii Lawrow 1856 A latus Pander 1830 A laevissimus Schmidt 1898 A lepidurus Neiszkowski 1859 A minor A neiszkowskii Schmidt 1898 A pachyophthalmus A platycephalus Stokes 1824 7 A plautini Schmidt 1898 A punctatus Lessnikova 1949 A raniceps Dalman 1827 A robustus A sulvevi Jaanusson A vicarius Toernquist 1884 A wahlenbergi Species previously assigned to Asaphus edit nbsp A expansus showing the broad doublure and the forked hypostomeAs the genus Asaphus was established early many species have since been reassigned to genera in various trilobite orders 8 A angustifrons Ptychopyge angustifrons A armadillo Nileus armadillo A aspectans Coronura aspectans A barrandei Basilicus barrandei A brongniarti Eohomalonotus brongniarti A canadensis Pseudogygites canadensis A cawdori Acaste cawdori A corndensis Ogyginus corndensis A debuchii Ogygiocarella debuchii A devexus Xenasaphus devexus A duplicatus Platycalymene duplicatus A eichwaldi Bollandia eichwaldi 9 A extans Bathyurus extans A fischeri Pliomera fischeri A frontalis Niobe frontalis A gemmuliferus Phillipsia gemmulifera 9 A globiceps Bollandia globiceps 9 A granuliferus Bollandia globiceps 9 A hausmanni Odontochile hausmanni A homfrayi Asaphellus homfrayi A latifrons Stygina latifrons A nasutus Neoprobolium nasutus A obsoletus Bollandia obsoleta 9 A palpebrosus Symphysurus palpebrosus A plicicostis Plectasaphus plicicostis A praetextus Ogmasaphus praetextus A selenourus Odontocephalus selenourus A seminiferus Eocyphinium seminiferum 9 A seticornis Tretaspis seticornis A stacyi Homalopyge stacyi A stokesii Warburgella stokesii A subcaudatus Acaste subcaudata A truncatulus Phillipsia truncatula 9 A tyrannus Basilicus tyrannusReferences edit Brongiart Alexandre 1822 Des corps organises fossiles nommes trilobites In Brongniart Alexandre Desmarest Anselme Gaetan eds Histoire naturelle des crustaces fossiles Paris L T Cellot pp 17 25 Jaanusson Valdar 1956 Proposed use of the Plenary Powers to suppress the generic name Asaphus as published by Brongniart in Desmarest 1817 and to designate a type species in harmony with general usage for the genus Asaphus Brongniart 1822 Class Trilobita The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 12 3 90 96 Wahlenberg Georgio 1821 1818 Petrificata telluris svecanae Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis 8 25 27 Martin Stein amp Jan Bergstrom 2010 Some lower Middle Ordovician species of Asaphus Trilobita from Sweden GFF 132 2 105 116 Bibcode 2010GFF 132 105S doi 10 1080 11035897 2010 486478 S2CID 129705036 Moore R C 1959 Arthropoda I Arthropoda General Features Proarthropoda Euarthropoda General Features Trilobitomorpha Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Vol Part O Boulder Colorado Lawrence Kansas Geological Society of America University of Kansas Press pp O334 O436 ISBN 978 0 8137 3015 8 International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982 Direction 111 Entomostracites punctatus Wahlenberg Trilobita Official List Of Specific Names No 1595 Date To Be Cited As 1818 Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39 White Charles Abiathar 1891 The Texan Permian and Its Mesozoic Types of Fossils United States Geological Survey p 28 Retrieved 26 April 2018 charles stokes fossil Moore R C 1959 Arthropoda I Arthropoda General Features Proarthropoda Euarthropoda General Features Trilobitomorpha Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Vol Part O Boulder Colorado Lawrence Kansas Geological Society of America University of Kansas Press pp O446 and O468 ISBN 978 0 8137 3015 8 a b c d e f g Osmolska H 1970 Revision of non cyrtosymbolinid trilobites from the Tournaisian Namurian of Eurasia Palaeontologia Polonica 23 External links edit nbsp Data related to Asaphus at Wikispecies drawings of many Asaphus species Website of the Saint Petersburg Paleontological Laboratory Schematic of the relationships between the different species Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Asaphus amp oldid 1207275504, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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