The archlute (Spanish: archilaúd, Italian: arciliuto, German: Erzlaute) is a European plucked string instrument developed around 1600 as a compromise between the very large theorbo,[1] the size and re-entrant tuning of which made for difficulties in the performance of solo music,[2] and the Renaissance tenor lute, which lacked the bass range of the theorbo. Essentially a tenor lute with the theorbo's neck-extension, the archlute lacks the power in the tenor and the bass that the theorbo's large body and typically greater string length provide.
The main differences between the archlute and the "baroque" lute of northern Europe are that the baroque lute has 11 to 13 courses, while the archlute typically has 14,[2] and the tuning of the first six courses of the baroque lute outlines a d-minor chord, while the archlute preserves the tuning of the Renaissance lute,[3] with perfect fourths surrounding a third in the middle for the first six. The archlute was often used as a solo instrument for the first three-quarters of the 17th century, but is rarely mentioned as a continuo instrument in this period, the theorbo being the lute class instrument with this role.
As continuo bass lines were composed both faster in motion and higher in tessitura toward the end of the 17th century, the archlute began to eclipse the theorbo as the main plucked string continuo instrument.[2] The theorbo lacked the higher notes of the bass lines and the increasing practise of doubling the continuo part with a bowed bass (cello or viol) made the archlute's lack of power in the tenor and bass a less important shortcoming.
The theorbo had been commonly used as the melodic bass instrument in trio sonatas from the beginning of the Baroque and the archlute took over that function too, with the most famous example being Corelli's Opus 1 and 3 trio sonatas which have partbooks for 1st and 2nd violin, 'violone o arciliuto' and a continuo part for organ, a simplified version of the 'violone o arciliuto' book.[4] The violone o arciliuto book has just as many figures to tell the player what chords to play as the organ partbook, which suggests the archlute player would be adding chords above the bass where possible.
The archlute was used in Handel's operas and like repertoire;[1]Giulio Cesare (1724) has continuo parts labelled both arciliuto and tiorba. Perhaps one player would play both instruments.
Music for solo archlute is usually notated in tablature.
Composersedit
Any late Italian Baroque music with a part labelled 'liuto' will mean 'arciliuto', the classic Renaissance lute being in disuse by this time. Among the most important composers of archlute music in the 17th century we can name Alessandro Piccinini, Giovanni Girolamo Kapsperger (c. 1580 – 17 January 1651) and in the 18th century Giovanni Zamboni, whose set of 12 sonatas (1718, Lucca) for the instrument is extant, and Antonio Scotti and Melchiorre Chiesa, Milanese composers from late 18th century. Other known composers of archlute music were Antonio Tinazzoli, Giuseppe Vaccari and Lodovico Fontanelli. Modern composers for archlute include Roman Turovsky and Konstantin Bozhinov.
Pieces for archlute (or transcription for archilute), Francescovedremo 's channel (YouTube videos)
J.S. Bach: Prelude in C Minor "pour le luth" BWV 999; performed by David Tayler
January 01, 1970
archlute, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2024, le. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Archlute news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2024 Learn how and when to remove this message The archlute Spanish archilaud Italian arciliuto German Erzlaute is a European plucked string instrument developed around 1600 as a compromise between the very large theorbo 1 the size and re entrant tuning of which made for difficulties in the performance of solo music 2 and the Renaissance tenor lute which lacked the bass range of the theorbo Essentially a tenor lute with the theorbo s neck extension the archlute lacks the power in the tenor and the bass that the theorbo s large body and typically greater string length provide ArchluteArchlute by Matteo Sellas 17th CenturyClassificationNecked bowl lutes String instrumentsRelated instrumentsList Angelique instrument Archlute Barbat lute Biwa Chitarra Italiana Lute Mandola Mandolin Oud Pandura Pipa Tambouras Tanbur Tanbur Turkish Tembur Theorbo Tiorbino Contents 1 Overview 2 Composers 3 Performers 4 Tuning 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksOverview editThe main differences between the archlute and the baroque lute of northern Europe are that the baroque lute has 11 to 13 courses while the archlute typically has 14 2 and the tuning of the first six courses of the baroque lute outlines a d minor chord while the archlute preserves the tuning of the Renaissance lute 3 with perfect fourths surrounding a third in the middle for the first six The archlute was often used as a solo instrument for the first three quarters of the 17th century but is rarely mentioned as a continuo instrument in this period the theorbo being the lute class instrument with this role As continuo bass lines were composed both faster in motion and higher in tessitura toward the end of the 17th century the archlute began to eclipse the theorbo as the main plucked string continuo instrument 2 The theorbo lacked the higher notes of the bass lines and the increasing practise of doubling the continuo part with a bowed bass cello or viol made the archlute s lack of power in the tenor and bass a less important shortcoming The theorbo had been commonly used as the melodic bass instrument in trio sonatas from the beginning of the Baroque and the archlute took over that function too with the most famous example being Corelli s Opus 1 and 3 trio sonatas which have partbooks for 1st and 2nd violin violone o arciliuto and a continuo part for organ a simplified version of the violone o arciliuto book 4 The violone o arciliuto book has just as many figures to tell the player what chords to play as the organ partbook which suggests the archlute player would be adding chords above the bass where possible The archlute was used in Handel s operas and like repertoire 1 Giulio Cesare 1724 has continuo parts labelled both arciliuto and tiorba Perhaps one player would play both instruments Music for solo archlute is usually notated in tablature Composers editAny late Italian Baroque music with a part labelled liuto will mean arciliuto the classic Renaissance lute being in disuse by this time Among the most important composers of archlute music in the 17th century we can name Alessandro Piccinini Giovanni Girolamo Kapsperger c 1580 17 January 1651 and in the 18th century Giovanni Zamboni whose set of 12 sonatas 1718 Lucca for the instrument is extant and Antonio Scotti and Melchiorre Chiesa Milanese composers from late 18th century Other known composers of archlute music were Antonio Tinazzoli Giuseppe Vaccari and Lodovico Fontanelli Modern composers for archlute include Roman Turovsky and Konstantin Bozhinov Performers editSome living players are Edin Karamazov Axel Wolf Luca Pianca the founder of Il Giardino Armonico and Javier Mas who predominantly play archlutes and Paolo Cherici Massimo Lonardi Luciano Contini Paul O Dette Jakob Lindberg David Tayler and Nigel North who use archlutes extensively Tuning edit nbsp See also editLute History and evolution of the luteReferences edit a b Archlute Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra amp Chorale Retrieved 2024 01 21 a b c Spencer Robert 1976 Chitarrone Theorbo and Archlute Early Music 4 4 416 417 via JSTOR What is a Lute Lute Society of America Retrieved 2024 01 21 Arcangelo Corelli Trio Sonatas Op 3 Smithsonian Chamber Music Society Retrieved 2024 01 21 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Archlutes Chitarrone theorbo and Archlute by Robert Spencer Archlute by David Tecchler ca 1725 Rome at The Metropolitan Museum of Art Pieces for archlute or transcription for archilute Francescovedremo s channel YouTube videos J S Bach Prelude in C Minor pour le luth BWV 999 performed by David Tayler Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Archlute amp oldid 1197773310, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
