Archie began as a project for students and volunteer staff at the McGill University School of Computer Science in 1987,[8] when Peter Deutsch (systems manager for the School),[8] Alan Emtage, and Bill Heelan were asked to connect the School to the Internet.[9]
The name derives from the word "archive" without the v. Emtage has said that contrary to popular belief, there was no association with the Archie Comics.[10] Despite this, other early Internet search technologies such as Jughead and Veronica were named after characters from the comics. Anarchie, one of the earliest graphical FTP clients was named for its ability to perform Archie searches.
How Archie worked
The earliest versions of Archie would simply search a list of public anonymous File Transfer Protocol (FTP) sites using the Telnet protocol and create an index of the FTP files. FTP is essentially a way to transfer files between computers. To view the contents of a file, it had first to be downloaded. The indexes are updated on a regular basis (contacting each roughly once a month, so as not to waste too many resources of the remote servers) and requested a listing. These listings were stored in local files to be searched using the Unixgrep command.
The developers populated the engine's servers with databases of anonymous FTP host directories.[11] This was used to find specific file titles since the list was plugged in to a searchable database of FTP sites.[12] Archie did not recognize natural language requests nor index the content inside the files. Therefore, users had to know the title of the file they wanted. The ability to index the content inside the files was first introduced by Gopher.
Development
Emtage and Heelan wrote a script allowing people to log in and search collected information using the Telnet protocol at the host "archie.mcgill.ca" [132.206.2.3].[8] Later, more efficient front- and back-ends were developed, and the system spread from a local tool, to a network-wide resource, and a popular service available from multiple sites around the Internet. The collected data would be exchanged between the neighbouring Archie servers. The servers could be accessed in multiple ways: using a local client (such as archie or xarchie); telnetting to a server directly; sending queries by electronic mail;[13] and later via a World Wide Web interface. At the zenith of its fame the Archie search engine accounted for 50% of Montreal Internet traffic.[citation needed]
In 1992, Emtage along with Deutsch and some financial help of McGill University formed Bunyip Information Systems the world's first company expressly founded for and dedicated to providing Internet information services with a licensed commercial version of the Archie search engine used by millions of people worldwide. Heelan followed them into Bunyip soon after, where he together with Bibi Ali and Sandro Mazzucato was a part of so-called Archie Group. The group significantly updated the archie database and indexed web-pages. Work on the search engine ceased in the late 1990s.
^Deutsch, Peter (11 September 1990). "[next] An Internet archive server server (was about Lisp)". Retrieved 29 December 2017.
^Search seems to be dead (timeout). Last update of the database: 2011 ([1])
^. Archived from the original on 21 June 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
^"Archie". PC Magazine. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
^Alexandra Samuel. "Meet Alan Emtage, the Black Technologist Who Invented ARCHIE, the First Internet Search Engine". ITHAKA. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
^loop news barbados (30 August 2019). "Alan Emtage- a Barbadian you should know". loopnewsbarbados.com. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
^Dino Grandoni, Alan Emtage. "Alan Emtage: The Man Who Invented The World's First Search Engine (But Didn't Patent It)". HuffPost. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
^ abc"Peter Deutsch: archie - An Electronic Directory Service for the Internet". Retrieved 23 February 2012.
^. Archived from the original on 9 July 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
^West, Nicholas. A Rough Guide to the Internet. Lulu.com. ISBN9781471005374.
^Ledford, Jerri L. (2015). Search Engine Optimization Bible. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. p. 4. ISBN9780470452646.
^"EFF's (Extended) Guide to the Internet - Your Friend Archie". www2.cs.duke.edu. 12 September 1994. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
Further reading
Archie—A Darwinian Development Process. Peter Deutsch. IEEE Internet Computing, January/February 2000, 4(1):69-71. Part of Millennial Forecasts, doi:10.1109/4236.815849.
P. Deutsch, A. Emtage, A. Marine, How to Use Anonymous FTP (RFC1635, May 1994)
External links
Last surviving Archie web interface - search seems to be dead (timeout)
March 03, 2023
archie, search, engine, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, archie, search, engine, news, newspapers, bo. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Archie search engine news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Archie is a tool for indexing FTP archives allowing users to more easily identify specific files It is considered the first Internet search engine 3 The original implementation was written in 1990 by Alan Emtage then a postgraduate student at McGill University in Montreal Canada 4 5 6 7 ArchieType of siteWeb search engineURLarchie wbr icm wbr edu wbr pl wbr archie wbr eng wbr htmlLaunched10 September 1990 32 years ago 1990 09 10 1 Current statusOnline 2 Archie has since been superseded by other more sophisticated search engines including Jughead and Veronica These were in turn superseded by search engines like Yahoo in 1995 and Google in 1998 Work on Archie ceased in the late 1990s A legacy Archie server is still maintained active for historic purposes in Poland at University of Warsaw s Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling Contents 1 Origin 2 How Archie worked 3 Development 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksOrigin EditArchie began as a project for students and volunteer staff at the McGill University School of Computer Science in 1987 8 when Peter Deutsch systems manager for the School 8 Alan Emtage and Bill Heelan were asked to connect the School to the Internet 9 The name derives from the word archive without the v Emtage has said that contrary to popular belief there was no association with the Archie Comics 10 Despite this other early Internet search technologies such as Jughead and Veronica were named after characters from the comics Anarchie one of the earliest graphical FTP clients was named for its ability to perform Archie searches How Archie worked EditThe earliest versions of Archie would simply search a list of public anonymous File Transfer Protocol FTP sites using the Telnet protocol and create an index of the FTP files FTP is essentially a way to transfer files between computers To view the contents of a file it had first to be downloaded The indexes are updated on a regular basis contacting each roughly once a month so as not to waste too many resources of the remote servers and requested a listing These listings were stored in local files to be searched using the Unix grep command The developers populated the engine s servers with databases of anonymous FTP host directories 11 This was used to find specific file titles since the list was plugged in to a searchable database of FTP sites 12 Archie did not recognize natural language requests nor index the content inside the files Therefore users had to know the title of the file they wanted The ability to index the content inside the files was first introduced by Gopher Development EditEmtage and Heelan wrote a script allowing people to log in and search collected information using the Telnet protocol at the host archie mcgill ca 132 206 2 3 8 Later more efficient front and back ends were developed and the system spread from a local tool to a network wide resource and a popular service available from multiple sites around the Internet The collected data would be exchanged between the neighbouring Archie servers The servers could be accessed in multiple ways using a local client such as archie or xarchie telnetting to a server directly sending queries by electronic mail 13 and later via a World Wide Web interface At the zenith of its fame the Archie search engine accounted for 50 of Montreal Internet traffic citation needed In 1992 Emtage along with Deutsch and some financial help of McGill University formed Bunyip Information Systems the world s first company expressly founded for and dedicated to providing Internet information services with a licensed commercial version of the Archie search engine used by millions of people worldwide Heelan followed them into Bunyip soon after where he together with Bibi Ali and Sandro Mazzucato was a part of so called Archie Group The group significantly updated the archie database and indexed web pages Work on the search engine ceased in the late 1990s See also EditJughead Veronica Wide area information serverReferences Edit Deutsch Peter 11 September 1990 next An Internet archive server server was about Lisp Retrieved 29 December 2017 Search seems to be dead timeout Last update of the database 2011 1 The First Search Engine Archie Archived from the original on 21 June 2007 Retrieved 26 May 2007 Archie PC Magazine Retrieved 20 September 2020 Alexandra Samuel Meet Alan Emtage the Black Technologist Who Invented ARCHIE the First Internet Search Engine ITHAKA Retrieved 20 September 2020 loop news barbados 30 August 2019 Alan Emtage a Barbadian you should know loopnewsbarbados com Retrieved 28 April 2022 Dino Grandoni Alan Emtage Alan Emtage The Man Who Invented The World s First Search Engine But Didn t Patent It HuffPost Retrieved 21 September 2020 a b c Peter Deutsch archie An Electronic Directory Service for the Internet Retrieved 23 February 2012 Life Before And After Archie Archived from the original on 9 July 2015 Retrieved 23 January 2013 BBC Radio 4 Saturday Live 7 November 2009 West Nicholas A Rough Guide to the Internet Lulu com ISBN 9781471005374 Ledford Jerri L 2015 Search Engine Optimization Bible Hoboken NJ John Wiley amp Sons p 4 ISBN 9780470452646 EFF s Extended Guide to the Internet Your Friend Archie www2 cs duke edu 12 September 1994 Retrieved 8 January 2020 Further reading EditArchie A Darwinian Development Process Peter Deutsch IEEE Internet Computing January February 2000 4 1 69 71 Part of Millennial Forecasts doi 10 1109 4236 815849 P Deutsch A Emtage A Marine How to Use Anonymous FTP RFC1635 May 1994 External links EditLast surviving Archie web interface search seems to be dead timeout Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Archie search engine amp oldid 1138890266, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
