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Aodh Méith

January 29, 2023

Aodh Méith or Áed Méith (died 1230) was a 13th-century king of Tír Eoghain. The son of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg, Aodh spent much of his career fighting off threats from Fir Manach, Tír Conaill and Galloway, as well as John de Courcy and the Lordship of Ireland. His involvement in Irish Sea politics may have seen him sponsor a Mac Uilleim claim to the Scottish throne, but this is unclear.

Aodh Méith
King of Tír Eogain
Reignc. 1196–1230[1]
PredecessorMuircheartach mac Muircheartaigh Ó Lochlainn
SuccessorDomhnall Óg
Died1230
SpouseBean-Midhe
IssueDomhnall Óg
Middle IrishÁed mac Áeda
Early Modern IrishAodh mac Aodha, "Méith"
FatherAodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg

Latterly the ally of Hugh de Lacy, Earl of Ulster, Aodh secured a stable relationship with the earldom of Ulster and lordship of Ireland, two Anglo-Norman polities that came into existence in Aodh's lifetime. By the end of his life, he was the supreme native Irish ruler in the north of the island, and passed succession onto his son Domhnall Óg (Domnall Óc). A literary biography devoted to Aodh was seemingly composed sometime in the Middle Ages, but it has not survived. He is the ancestor—though not the eponymous ancestor— of Clann Aodha Buidhe, the Clandeboy O'Neills.

Background

Aodh Méith was the son of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg, himself briefly king of Tír Eoghain.[2] Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg had begun the process of overturning Ó Lochlainn dominance in Tír Eoghain.[3] His traditional nickname An Macaoimh Tóinleasg or "the lazy-rumped lad", was earned, according to the 16th-century Leabhar Eoghanach, after he refused to stand in the presence of the high king Muircheartach Ó Lochlainn.[4] The son's nickname, Méith, means "the fat".[2]

Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg was nonetheless killed by his rival, Muircheartach's son Maoilsheachlainn Ó Lochlainn (Máel Sechlainn Mac Lochlainn) in 1177.[5] In the year of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg's death John de Courcy had begun the Anglo-Norman conquest of the Ulaidh (eastern Ulster).[6] Between the death of Aodh an Macaoimh Tóinleasg in 1177 and the first appearance of Aodh Méith in 1199, Tír Eoghain was embroiled in the resultant political chaos.[6]

The Annals of the Four Masters relate that in 1179 "the churches of Tír Eoghain, from the mountains south, were left desolate, in consequence of war and intestine commotion, famine and distress".[7] And after Maoilsheachlainn Ó Lochlainn's death at the hands of the Normans in 1185, the Ó Lochlainn group struggled to retain power over Tír Eoghain in the face of internal disaffection, Norman invasion and the power of the king of Tír Conaill, Flaithbheartach Ó Maoldhoraidh (died 1197).[8]

Securing power

Aodh may have been king of Tír Eoghain since 1196, the year of his Ó Lochlainn predecessor's death.[1] His first appearance in the sources records him leading five ships in an attack upon the English settlement of Larne, in 1199, while John de Courcy was distracted by a campaign in northern Tír Eoghain.[9] In the same year he defeated an attempt by the Cineál Conaill to make the Ó hEignigh king of Fir Manach (and Airghíalla) their king, defeating and gaining the submission of both in separate encounters.[10]

At this point, Aodh appears to be king both north and south of the Sperrins.[11] Aodh married Ó hEignigh's daughter Bean-Midhe (died 1215), and it is possible that he did so as a result of his victory over the Fir Manach.[12]

In 1200, Aodh led successful expeditions against the English colonists in Ulster.[12] In 1201 Aodh led an expedition to Connacht to replace English-backed king Cathal Carrach Ó Conchobhair with the former king Cathal Croibhdhearg Ó Conchobhair.[12] The hosting was met and defeated by William de Burgh: Aodh's father-in-law the Ó hEignigh was killed in the encounter while Aodh himself was forced to submit.[12]

The Cineál Eoghain, the people of Tír Eoghain, subsequently deposed Aodh, with Conchobhar Beag ("the small") Ó Lochlainn taking his place as king.[13] The latter was killed shortly afterwards by Éigneachán Ó Domhnaill (died 1207), first Ó Domhnaill king of Tír Conaill.[14] After Aodh himself disposed of another Ó Lochlainn claimant, his position as ruler of the kingdom was regained—though it was not until 1208 or 1209 that Ó Domhnaill opposition was neutralised through a pact of friendship with Éigneachán's son and successor Domhnall Ó Domhnaill.[14]

The English and Gall-Gaidhil

Developments among the English in 1205 saw John de Courcy fall out of favour with John, King of England, with Ulster being assigned to Hugh de Lacy in his stead.[14] John de Courcy took refuge among the Cineál Eoghain.[14] Hugh de Lacy, now earl of Ulster, thus came north with an army in 1207 and invaded Tír Eoghain.[14] The earl was unable to obtain anything decisive, and himself fell out of royal favour in 1210.[14]

When King John laid siege to the earl's castle of Carrickfergus, Aodh brought his forces to assist the English monarch.[14] He did not, however, enter John's presence because the latter was not prepared to give the hostages the Ó Néill needed to feel safe.[14] The following year King John ordered John de Gray, Bishop of Norwich and Justiciar of Ireland, to subdue Aodh's province.[14]

A series of castles were built, and much of what are now counties Antrim, Londonderry and Tyrone were granted to Ailean [Alan], Lord of Galloway (or "King of the Gall-Gaidhil"), his brother Tomás Mac Uchtraigh and their cousin Donnchadh of Carrick.[14] Tomás built a castle at Coleraine and in 1212, accompanied by sons of Raghnall mac Somhairle, led a raid on the city of Derry with seventy-six ships.[15] In 1214, this time accompanied by Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill, Tomás attacked Derry again, sacking the city and looting the church.[16]

Tomás's activities against Aodh may have been related to the activities of the MacUilleim [MacWilliam] branch of the Scottish royal dynasty. One of their number, Gofraidh mac Domhnaill, had come from Ireland to Ross in 1211 to claim the Scottish throne.[17] There is some likelihood that Aodh was sponsoring their activities.[18] Whatever gains were made by the Gall-Gaidhil, their position in Ireland was later undermined by de Lacy and the Bissets.[19] It is probable that the Ó Lochlainn kindred and others suffered more than Ó Néill during these campaigns.[2]

Later career and legacy

Aodh may have submitted to the English king's authority in the 1210s, and certainly had done so by 1221; but when Hugh de Lacy began reclaiming his Ulster earldom in 1224, Aodh took up his cause against the English crown.[20] As a government army tried to march into the north, Aodh's forces blocked them on the Fews of Armagh and subsequently the English crown (now held by Henry III) came to terms with them.[20]

Aodh led armies into Connacht in 1225 and 1226 following the death of his former ally Cathal Croibhdhearg, but Aodh's own territory seems to have been left in peace for the remainder of his reign.[20] He died in 1230, of natural causes.[21] The Annals of Connacht recorded his death, styling him:

[D]efender of Leth Cuind Chetchathaig against the Galls and against Leth Moga Nuadat, a prince eligible de jure for the kingship of Ireland, died this year; a king who never gave pledge or hostage or tribute to Gall or Gael; a king who wrought slaughterings and great routs on the Galls; a king who was the support of any Gaels who were in banishment or homeless; a king who was the most generous and excellent of all the men of Ireland who ever lived.[22]

In the face of Ó Lochlainn opposition, Aodh's son Domhnall Óg (died 1234) ruled for four years after his death.[23] Following yet another decade of strife, Aodh's nephew Brian Ruadh once again established Ó Néill dominance in the province, a dominance that would last until the end of the kingdom in the 17th century.[24]

Aodh Méith seems to have been the subject of panegyric biography, but unfortunately this is now lost.[25] He is ancestor of Clann Aodha Buidhe, the Clandeboy O'Neills who took their name from Aodh's grandson Aodh Buidhe.[26] After the 13th century Aodh Méith's (and Aodh Buidhe's) descendants are side-lined to territory later acquired east of the River Bann, with the Ó Néill of Tír Eoghain being drawn from the descendants of Aodh's uncle Niall Ruadh (through Niall Ruadh's son Brian).[27]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 212
  2. ^ a b c Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  3. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", pp. 127–29
  4. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 129; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  5. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 131; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  6. ^ a b Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", pp. 131–32
  7. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", pp. 131, 156 n. 22; for entry, see Annals of the Four Masters 1179.3 (Gaelic); a similar assertion lies in the Annals of Ulster, see Annals of Ulster 1179.4 (Gaelic)
  8. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 132; see also Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, pp. 195, 211
  9. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 132; Annals of Ulster 1199.3 (Gaelic)
  10. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", pp. 132–33
  11. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 133
  12. ^ a b c d Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 133; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  13. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 212; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", pp. 133–34
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 134; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  15. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 134; Woolf, "Dead Man", pp. 79–80; see also Anderson, Early Sources, vol. ii, p. 393
  16. ^ Woolf, "Dead Man", p. 80; see also Anderson, Early Sources, vol. ii, p. 395.
  17. ^ Oram, Lordship of Galloway, pp. 116, 137 n. 31
  18. ^ Oram, Lordship of Galloway, p. 116; Ross, "Moray, Ulster and the MacWilliams", p. 36
  19. ^ Duffy, "Lords of Galloway", p. 45
  20. ^ a b c Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 135; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  21. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 212; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 135; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  22. ^ Annals of Ulster 1230.9 (Gaelic)
  23. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 212; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 136
  24. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, pp. 212–13; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 136
  25. ^ Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 132
  26. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 140; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 132; Simms, "Ó Néill, Aodh"
  27. ^ Moody, Martin and Byrne, Map, Genealogies and Lists, p. 140; Simms, "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain", p. 132

References

  • The Annals of Ulster, AD 1224–1562, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2008, retrieved 24 May 2011
  • The Annals of Ulster, AD 431–1201, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2003, retrieved 24 May 2011
  • Annals of the Four Masters, AD 1172–1372, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2002, retrieved 24 May 2011
  • Anderson, Alan Orr, ed. (1922), Early Sources of Scottish History A.D. 500 to 1286 (2 vols), Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd
  • Duffy, Séan (2004), "The Lords of Galloway, Earls of Carrick, and the Bissets of the Glens: Scottish Settlement in Thirteenth-Century Ulster", in Edwards, David (ed.), Regions and Rulers in Ireland, 1100–1650, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 37–50, ISBN 1-85182-742-0
  • Duffy, Seán. "Mac Lochlainn (Ua Lochlainn), Muirchertach (d. 1166), high-king of Ireland". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39262. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X.; Byrne, F. J., eds. (1984), Maps, Genealogies, Lists: A Companion to Irish History, Part II, New History of Ireland: Volume XI, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-821745-5
  • Oram, Richard D. (2000), The Lordship of Galloway, Edinburgh: John Donald, ISBN 0-85976-541-5
  • Ross, Alasdair (2007), "Moray, Ulster and the MacWilliams", in Duffy, Séan (ed.), The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 24–44, ISBN 978-1-85182-946-0
  • Simms, Katherine (2000), "Late Medieval Tír Eoghain: The Kingdom of 'the Great Ó Néill'", in Dillon, Charles; Jeffries, Henry A. (eds.), Tyrone: History & Society, Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish county (William Nolan, series editor), Dublin: Geography Publications, pp. 55–84, ISBN 0-906602-71-8
  • Simms, Katherine. "Ó Néill, Aodh (Hugh O'Neill, Aodh Méith) (d. 1230), king of Tír Eoghain". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20774. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Woolf, Alex (2007), "A Dead Man at Ballyshannon", in Duffy, Seán (ed.), The World of the Galloglass: War and Society in the North Sea Region, 1150–1600, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 77–85, ISBN 978-1-85182-946-0

January 29, 2023
aodh, méith, Áed, méith, died, 1230, 13th, century, king, tír, eoghain, aodh, macaoimh, tóinleasg, aodh, spent, much, career, fighting, threats, from, manach, tír, conaill, galloway, well, john, courcy, lordship, ireland, involvement, irish, politics, have, se. Aodh Meith or Aed Meith died 1230 was a 13th century king of Tir Eoghain The son of Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg Aodh spent much of his career fighting off threats from Fir Manach Tir Conaill and Galloway as well as John de Courcy and the Lordship of Ireland His involvement in Irish Sea politics may have seen him sponsor a Mac Uilleim claim to the Scottish throne but this is unclear Aodh MeithKing of Tir EogainReignc 1196 1230 1 PredecessorMuircheartach mac Muircheartaigh o LochlainnSuccessorDomhnall ogDied1230SpouseBean MidheIssueDomhnall ogMiddle IrishAed mac AedaEarly Modern IrishAodh mac Aodha Meith FatherAodh an Macaoimh ToinleasgLatterly the ally of Hugh de Lacy Earl of Ulster Aodh secured a stable relationship with the earldom of Ulster and lordship of Ireland two Anglo Norman polities that came into existence in Aodh s lifetime By the end of his life he was the supreme native Irish ruler in the north of the island and passed succession onto his son Domhnall og Domnall oc A literary biography devoted to Aodh was seemingly composed sometime in the Middle Ages but it has not survived He is the ancestor though not the eponymous ancestor of Clann Aodha Buidhe the Clandeboy O Neills Contents 1 Background 2 Securing power 3 The English and Gall Gaidhil 4 Later career and legacy 5 Notes 6 ReferencesBackground EditAodh Meith was the son of Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg himself briefly king of Tir Eoghain 2 Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg had begun the process of overturning o Lochlainn dominance in Tir Eoghain 3 His traditional nickname An Macaoimh Toinleasg or the lazy rumped lad was earned according to the 16th century Leabhar Eoghanach after he refused to stand in the presence of the high king Muircheartach o Lochlainn 4 The son s nickname Meith means the fat 2 Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg was nonetheless killed by his rival Muircheartach s son Maoilsheachlainn o Lochlainn Mael Sechlainn Mac Lochlainn in 1177 5 In the year of Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg s death John de Courcy had begun the Anglo Norman conquest of the Ulaidh eastern Ulster 6 Between the death of Aodh an Macaoimh Toinleasg in 1177 and the first appearance of Aodh Meith in 1199 Tir Eoghain was embroiled in the resultant political chaos 6 The Annals of the Four Masters relate that in 1179 the churches of Tir Eoghain from the mountains south were left desolate in consequence of war and intestine commotion famine and distress 7 And after Maoilsheachlainn o Lochlainn s death at the hands of the Normans in 1185 the o Lochlainn group struggled to retain power over Tir Eoghain in the face of internal disaffection Norman invasion and the power of the king of Tir Conaill Flaithbheartach o Maoldhoraidh died 1197 8 Securing power EditAodh may have been king of Tir Eoghain since 1196 the year of his o Lochlainn predecessor s death 1 His first appearance in the sources records him leading five ships in an attack upon the English settlement of Larne in 1199 while John de Courcy was distracted by a campaign in northern Tir Eoghain 9 In the same year he defeated an attempt by the Cineal Conaill to make the o hEignigh king of Fir Manach and Airghialla their king defeating and gaining the submission of both in separate encounters 10 At this point Aodh appears to be king both north and south of the Sperrins 11 Aodh married o hEignigh s daughter Bean Midhe died 1215 and it is possible that he did so as a result of his victory over the Fir Manach 12 In 1200 Aodh led successful expeditions against the English colonists in Ulster 12 In 1201 Aodh led an expedition to Connacht to replace English backed king Cathal Carrach o Conchobhair with the former king Cathal Croibhdhearg o Conchobhair 12 The hosting was met and defeated by William de Burgh Aodh s father in law the o hEignigh was killed in the encounter while Aodh himself was forced to submit 12 The Cineal Eoghain the people of Tir Eoghain subsequently deposed Aodh with Conchobhar Beag the small o Lochlainn taking his place as king 13 The latter was killed shortly afterwards by Eigneachan o Domhnaill died 1207 first o Domhnaill king of Tir Conaill 14 After Aodh himself disposed of another o Lochlainn claimant his position as ruler of the kingdom was regained though it was not until 1208 or 1209 that o Domhnaill opposition was neutralised through a pact of friendship with Eigneachan s son and successor Domhnall o Domhnaill 14 The English and Gall Gaidhil EditDevelopments among the English in 1205 saw John de Courcy fall out of favour with John King of England with Ulster being assigned to Hugh de Lacy in his stead 14 John de Courcy took refuge among the Cineal Eoghain 14 Hugh de Lacy now earl of Ulster thus came north with an army in 1207 and invaded Tir Eoghain 14 The earl was unable to obtain anything decisive and himself fell out of royal favour in 1210 14 When King John laid siege to the earl s castle of Carrickfergus Aodh brought his forces to assist the English monarch 14 He did not however enter John s presence because the latter was not prepared to give the hostages the o Neill needed to feel safe 14 The following year King John ordered John de Gray Bishop of Norwich and Justiciar of Ireland to subdue Aodh s province 14 A series of castles were built and much of what are now counties Antrim Londonderry and Tyrone were granted to Ailean Alan Lord of Galloway or King of the Gall Gaidhil his brother Tomas Mac Uchtraigh and their cousin Donnchadh of Carrick 14 Tomas built a castle at Coleraine and in 1212 accompanied by sons of Raghnall mac Somhairle led a raid on the city of Derry with seventy six ships 15 In 1214 this time accompanied by Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill Tomas attacked Derry again sacking the city and looting the church 16 Tomas s activities against Aodh may have been related to the activities of the MacUilleim MacWilliam branch of the Scottish royal dynasty One of their number Gofraidh mac Domhnaill had come from Ireland to Ross in 1211 to claim the Scottish throne 17 There is some likelihood that Aodh was sponsoring their activities 18 Whatever gains were made by the Gall Gaidhil their position in Ireland was later undermined by de Lacy and the Bissets 19 It is probable that the o Lochlainn kindred and others suffered more than o Neill during these campaigns 2 Later career and legacy EditAodh may have submitted to the English king s authority in the 1210s and certainly had done so by 1221 but when Hugh de Lacy began reclaiming his Ulster earldom in 1224 Aodh took up his cause against the English crown 20 As a government army tried to march into the north Aodh s forces blocked them on the Fews of Armagh and subsequently the English crown now held by Henry III came to terms with them 20 Aodh led armies into Connacht in 1225 and 1226 following the death of his former ally Cathal Croibhdhearg but Aodh s own territory seems to have been left in peace for the remainder of his reign 20 He died in 1230 of natural causes 21 The Annals of Connacht recorded his death styling him D efender of Leth Cuind Chetchathaig against the Galls and against Leth Moga Nuadat a prince eligible de jure for the kingship of Ireland died this year a king who never gave pledge or hostage or tribute to Gall or Gael a king who wrought slaughterings and great routs on the Galls a king who was the support of any Gaels who were in banishment or homeless a king who was the most generous and excellent of all the men of Ireland who ever lived 22 In the face of o Lochlainn opposition Aodh s son Domhnall og died 1234 ruled for four years after his death 23 Following yet another decade of strife Aodh s nephew Brian Ruadh once again established o Neill dominance in the province a dominance that would last until the end of the kingdom in the 17th century 24 Aodh Meith seems to have been the subject of panegyric biography but unfortunately this is now lost 25 He is ancestor of Clann Aodha Buidhe the Clandeboy O Neills who took their name from Aodh s grandson Aodh Buidhe 26 After the 13th century Aodh Meith s and Aodh Buidhe s descendants are side lined to territory later acquired east of the River Bann with the o Neill of Tir Eoghain being drawn from the descendants of Aodh s uncle Niall Ruadh through Niall Ruadh s son Brian 27 Notes Edit a b Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 212 a b c Simms o Neill Aodh Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain pp 127 29 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 129 Simms o Neill Aodh Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 131 Simms o Neill Aodh a b Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain pp 131 32 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain pp 131 156 n 22 for entry see Annals of the Four Masters 1179 3 Gaelic a similar assertion lies in the Annals of Ulster see Annals of Ulster 1179 4 Gaelic Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 132 see also Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists pp 195 211 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 132 Annals of Ulster 1199 3 Gaelic Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain pp 132 33 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 133 a b c d Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 133 Simms o Neill Aodh Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 212 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain pp 133 34 a b c d e f g h i j Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 134 Simms o Neill Aodh Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 134 Woolf Dead Man pp 79 80 see also Anderson Early Sources vol ii p 393 Woolf Dead Man p 80 see also Anderson Early Sources vol ii p 395 Oram Lordship of Galloway pp 116 137 n 31 Oram Lordship of Galloway p 116 Ross Moray Ulster and the MacWilliams p 36 Duffy Lords of Galloway p 45 a b c Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 135 Simms o Neill Aodh Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 212 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 135 Simms o Neill Aodh Annals of Ulster 1230 9 Gaelic Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 212 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 136 Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists pp 212 13 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 136 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 132 Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 140 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 132 Simms o Neill Aodh Moody Martin and Byrne Map Genealogies and Lists p 140 Simms Late Medieval Tir Eoghain p 132References EditThe Annals of Ulster AD 1224 1562 CELT Corpus of Electronic Texts 2008 retrieved 24 May 2011 The Annals of Ulster AD 431 1201 CELT Corpus of Electronic Texts 2003 retrieved 24 May 2011 Annals of the Four Masters AD 1172 1372 CELT Corpus of Electronic Texts 2002 retrieved 24 May 2011 Anderson Alan Orr ed 1922 Early Sources of Scottish History A D 500 to 1286 2 vols Edinburgh Oliver and Boyd Duffy Sean 2004 The Lords of Galloway Earls of Carrick and the Bissets of the Glens Scottish Settlement in Thirteenth Century Ulster in Edwards David ed Regions and Rulers in Ireland 1100 1650 Dublin Four Courts Press pp 37 50 ISBN 1 85182 742 0 Duffy Sean Mac Lochlainn Ua Lochlainn Muirchertach d 1166 high king of Ireland Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 39262 Subscription or UK public library membership required Moody T W Martin F X Byrne F J eds 1984 Maps Genealogies Lists A Companion to Irish History Part II New History of Ireland Volume XI Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 821745 5 Oram Richard D 2000 The Lordship of Galloway Edinburgh John Donald ISBN 0 85976 541 5 Ross Alasdair 2007 Moray Ulster and the MacWilliams in Duffy Sean ed The World of the Galloglass Kings Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland 1200 1600 Dublin Four Courts Press pp 24 44 ISBN 978 1 85182 946 0 Simms Katherine 2000 Late Medieval Tir Eoghain The Kingdom of the Great o Neill in Dillon Charles Jeffries Henry A eds Tyrone History amp Society Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish county William Nolan series editor Dublin Geography Publications pp 55 84 ISBN 0 906602 71 8 Simms Katherine o Neill Aodh Hugh O Neill Aodh Meith d 1230 king of Tir Eoghain Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 20774 Subscription or UK public library membership required Woolf Alex 2007 A Dead Man at Ballyshannon in Duffy Sean ed The World of the Galloglass War and Society in the North Sea Region 1150 1600 Dublin Four Courts Press pp 77 85 ISBN 978 1 85182 946 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Aodh Meith amp oldid 1026225535, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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