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Anuyoga

November 26, 2023

Anuyoga (Devanagari: अनुयोग 'further yoga') is the designation of the second of the three Inner Tantras according to the ninefold division of practice used by the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. This schema categorizes various stages of practice, and Anuyoga specifically emphasizes the completion stage of Tantra. As with the other yanas, Anuyoga represents both a scriptural division as well as a specific emphasis of both view and practice. Anuyoga delves into inner practices involving the subtle body, chakras, prana (subtle energies), nadis (energy pathways), and consciousness (bindu). It is particularly suited for individuals whose primary obstacle is passion and is associated with the feminine principle.

The central view of Anuyoga revolves around realizing the essence of the 'Threefold Maṇḍala of Samantabhadra,' comprising 'empty basic space', 'wisdom', and the 'union of emptiness and wisdom'. The Anuyoga category can be further divided into four root sutras, six tantras clarifying the six limits, twelve rare tantras, and the Seventy Literary Scriptures, making it a rich and diverse tradition within Tibetan Buddhism that focuses on inner transformation and enlightenment through completion stage practices.

Position in the nine-yana schema edit

Anuyoga is said to emphasise the completion stage of Tantra, where the preceding division, Mahayoga emphasises the generation stage. Dalton (2003: unpaginated) in introducing the literature of the Anuyoga-yana affirms the affiliation of the Anuyoga-yana with the 'completion stage' also known as the 'perfection stage':

Modern-day doxographical presentations of the Nyingma school are usually based on the system of the nine vehicles (theg pa dgu). Emphasis is placed on the highest three vehicles in this scheme, namely Mahāyoga, Anuyoga, and Atiyoga. Generally speaking, these three “inner” yogas correspond to three stages in tantric practice, namely the generation stage, during which the details of the visualizations are stabilised, the perfection stage, in which those visualizations are then employed towards familiarizing oneself with the state of enlightenment, and finally the Great Perfection, the spontaneous accomplishment of buddhahood. Being the second of the three inner yogas, Anuyoga is thus associated with the practices of the perfection stage.[1]

Ray (2002: p. 124-125) mentions visualization, subtle body, chakra, prana, nadis, bindu and pure land:

Anuyoga-yana is associated with the feminine principle and is for those whose principal obstacle is passion. In anuyoga the emphasis shifts away from external visualization toward the completion stage, in which one meditates on the inner or subtle body with its primary energy centres (chakras), and its prana (winds or subtle energies), nadis (the inner pathways along which one's energy travels), and bindu (the consciousness). In anuyoga, all appearances are seen as the three great mandalas, and reality is understood as the deities and their pure lands.[2]

Germano (2002: unpaginated) frames the importance of Nub Sangye Yeshe as the instigator of Anuyoga within Tibet and states that it was: "the late ninth century Nub Sangye Yeshe (gnubs sangs rgyas ye shes), who inaugurated the Anuyoga tradition in Tibet...".[3]

Dudjom (1904-1987), et al. (1991: p. 460 History) relate an important source that impacts on the story of King Ja (particularly the narrative of the Buddhadharma relics falling from the sky upon the royal palace) a happenstance which is implied to be concurrent with the emergence of the texts of Anuyoga in Sri Lanka with the provision of a quote of what Dudjom et al. identify as a "prediction" found in the fifth chapter of the 'Tantra which Comprises the Supreme Path of the Means which Clearly Reveal All-Positive Pristine Cognition' (Wylie: kun bzang ye shes gsal bar ston pa'i thabs kyi lam mchog 'dus pa'i rgyud, Nyingma Gyubum Vol.3) which Dudjom, et al., render in English thus:

The Mahayoga tantras will fall onto the palace of King Ja. The Anuyoga tantras will emerge in the forests of Singhala [Dudjom et al. identify Singhala as located in Ceylon].[4]

View edit

The particular view of Anuyoga is to realise the essence of the 'Threefold Maṇḍala of Samantabhadra' (Wylie: kun tu bzang po dkyil 'khor gsum):[5]

  1. "empty basic space" (Wylie: skyes med pa'i dbyings): the 'Primordial Maṇḍala of Samantabhadrī' (Wylie: ye ji bzhin pa'i dkyil 'khor)
  2. "wisdom" (Wylie: Ye shes): the 'Natural Maṇḍala of Spontaneous Presence'(Wylie: rang bzhin lhun grub kyi dkyil 'khor)
  3. "union of emptiness and wisdom" (Wylie: chos kyi dbyings kyi ye shes): the 'fundamental Maṇḍala of Enlightenment' (Wylie: byang chub sems kyi dkyil 'khor)

Stated differently:

The three mandalas of: Kuntuzangmo, the unborn dharmadhatu (dByings skye med kun tu bzang mo’i dkyil ’khor); whose unobstructed skillful means of luminosity is the mandala of Kuntuzangpo, the yeshe wisdom (Ye.shes kun tu.bzang po’i dkyil ’khor); and their inseparable union is the mandala of Great Bliss their son (Sras bde ba chen po’i dkyil ‘khor).[6]

Texts edit

Anuyoga is the middle category of the inner tantras for the Nyingma school. This doxographical category, often called 'mdo' (Wylie; Sanskrit: sūtra; English: 'thread', 'continuity'), is not to be confused with the non-tantric category by the same name. It contains several works that designate themselves as sūtras, as well as the important text "Compendium of the Buddhas' Intentionality" (Wylie: sangs rgyas dgongs 'dus) or Compendium of the Intentions (Wylie: dgongs pa ’dus pa’i mdo, Skt: sarvavidyā sūtra[7]). This text may or may not have ever existed in India; according to the colpohon it was translated from the language of Gilgit (bru sha), whence all of the Anuyoga texts are said to have been brought to Tibet.

Altogether, there are three volumes of Anuyoga tantras amounting to nearly three thousand pages of Tibetan text. Although the mTshams brag edition of The Collected Tantras does not rigorously organise its texts according to sub-categories, the Anuyoga category may be further subdivided according to the following scheme from Dudjom Rinpoche (Dudjom, et al. 1991: p. 289) which varies from the earlier catalogues canonised by Jigme Lingpa and that of Dampa Deshegs:

  1. The four root sutras (Wylie: rtsa ba'i rgyud bzhi)
  2. The six tantras clarifying the six limits (Wylie: mtha’ drug gsal bar byed pa’i rgyud drug)
  3. The twelve rare tantras (Wylie: dkon rgyud bcu gnyis)
  4. The Seventy Literary Scriptures (Wylie: lung gi yi ge bdun cu)

The four root sutras (Wylie: rtsa ba’i mdo bzhi) edit

  • Gathering of the Hidden Meaning (Wylie: dgongs pa ’dus pa’i mdo) Skt: sarva tathāgata citta jñāna guhyārtha garbha vyūha vajra tantra / siddha yogāgama samāja sarvavidyā sūtra mahāyānābhisamaya dharmā paryāya vivyūha nāma sūtram [8]
  • Gathering of All Knowledge (Wylie: kun ’dus rig pa’i mdo) Skt: sarva tathāgata citta guhya jñānārtha garbha krodha vajra kula tantra piṇḍārtha vidyā yoga siddha nāma mahāyāna sūtra[9]
  • Play of the Charnel Ground Cuckoo (Wylie: dur khrod khu byug rol ba) Skt: sarva tathāgatasya kāya vāk citta guhya śmaśāna lalita tantra nāma mahāyāna sūtra[10]
  • Wheel of Lightning of Miraculous Wisdom (Wylie: ye shes rngam pa klog gi ‘khor lo) Skt: sarva tathāgata guhya mahāgupta kośa akṣaya nidhi dīpa mahāvrata sādhana tantra jñānāścarya dyuti cakra nāma mahāyānasūtra[11]

The six tantras clarifying the six limits (Wylie: mtha’ drug gsal bar byed pa’i rgyud drug) edit

  • kun tu bzang po che ba rang la gnas pa’i rgyud (Skt: sarva dr̥ṣṭi rāja samantabhadrādhimātra svasti tantra)
  • dbang bskur rgyal po (Skt: padma rāja abhiṣiñca rāja ati tantra)
  • ting ’dzin mchog (Skt: samādhyagra tantra rāja)
  • skabs sbyor bdun pa (Skt: saca karma sarva rāja tantra)
  • brtson pa don bden
  • dam tshig bkod pa

The twelve rare tantras (Wylie: dkon rgyud bcu gnyis) edit

  • zhi ba lha rgyud (Skt: śānti deva tantra mahā)
  • chos nyid zhi ba’i lha rgyud (Skt: dharmatā śānti deva tantra)
  • khro bo’i lha rgyud chen mo (Skt: krodha deva tantra mahā)
  • khro bo’i lha rgyud rtogs pa chen po (Skt: krodha deva tantra mahā kalpa)
  • thugs rje chen po’i gtor rgyud (terminating colophon of the Catalogue of the Rig 'dzin Tshe dbang nor bu rNying ma'i rgyud 'bum (Skt: mahā karuṇā baliṃ māṃsa raktāsthi mahā bali tantra)
  • rnal ’byor gsang ba’i tshogs rgyud chen po (Skt: yoga gaṇa mahā tantra)
  • dpal ’bar khro mo (Skt: śrī jvala krodhī tantra)
  • rak ta dmar gyi rgyud (Skt: sarva tathāgata rakta mūla tantra)
  • me lha zhi bar gyur ba ’bar ba’i rgyud (Skt: ratna agni śāntiṃkuru jvala tantra)
  • khro bo’i sbyin bsregs rdo rje’i dur mo
  • hum mdzad chen mo (Skt: mahā hūṃ kāra tantra)
  • zla gsang chen mo

The Seventy Literary Scriptures (Wylie: lung gi yi ge bdun cu) edit

This list remains to be enumerated.

Mindstream edit

The 'mind-stream doctrine' (Sanskrit: citta santana; Wylie: thugs rgyud;[12] sems rgyud) is a union of the Semde (Wylie: sems sde, 'mind series') category of Atiyoga and Anuyoga proper and is reinforced by the Guhyagarbha Tantra literature and the Kulayarāja Tantra which comprised a major part of the transmitted precepts of the 'Zur Lineage' (Wylie: zur lugs):[13]

This family was responsible for first formulating the transmitted precepts as such. In doing so, they made the Compendium Sūtra a major part of their system, placing it alongside the Guhyagarbha Tantra and the kun byed rgyal po to make their famous “sūtra-tantra-mind triad” (mdo rgyud sems gsum). These three works became the chief canonical texts of the Zur’s transmitted precepts, corresponding to the respective doxographical classes of Anuyoga, Mahāyoga, and the mind series of Atiyoga (sems sde).[14]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Dalton, Jake (2003). 'Anuyoga (ཨ་ནུ་ཡོ་ག)', THDL Website. Source: [1] (accessed: Saturday February 27, 2010)
  2. ^ Ray, Reginald A. (2002). Indestructibe Truth: The Living Spirituality of Tibetan Buddhism - The World of Tibetan Buddhism Volume One. Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.: Shambala Publications, Inc. ISBN 1-57062-910-2. P.124-125.
  3. ^ Germano, David (March 25, 2002). A Brief History of Nyingma Literature. Source: [2] 2007-12-16 at the Wayback Machine (accessed: Wednesday July 23, 2008)
  4. ^ Dorje, Jikdrel Yeshe (Dudjom Rinpoche, author), & translated and edited: Gyurme Dorje and Matthew Kapstein (1991). The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History. Boston, USA: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-199-8, p.460 History.
  5. ^ Lingpa, Jigme (author); Rinpoche, Patrul (author); Mahapandita, Getse (author); Dharmachakra Translation Committee (translators) (2006). Deity, Mantra, and Wisdom: Development Stage Meditation in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra (Hardcover). Ithaca, NY, USA: Snow Lion Publications. ISBN 978-1-55939-300-3 p.213
  6. ^ Source: [3] accessed (August 5, 2008)
  7. ^ Source:[4] (accessed: Thursday April 5, 2018)
  8. ^ Source:[5] (accessed: Thursday April 5, 2018)
  9. ^ Source:[6] (accessed: Thursday April 5, 2018)
  10. ^ Source:[7](accessed: Thursday April 5, 2018)
  11. ^ Source:[8](accessed: Thursday April 5, 2018)
  12. ^ Dharma Dictionary (December 28, 2005). 'thugs rgyud'. Source: [9] (accessed: August 2, 2008)
  13. ^ Dharma Dictionary (December 28, 2005). 'zur lugs'. Source: [10] (accessed: August 2, 2008)
  14. ^ Dalton, Jake (2003). 'Anuyoga (ཨ་ནུ་ཡོ་ག)', THDL Website. Source: [11] (accessed: Saturday February 27, 2010)

References edit

Electronic edit

  • Anu-yoga Tantra-s in the Collected Tantra-s of the Ancients

Print edit

  • Dudjom Rinpoche and Jikdrel Yeshe Dorje. The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: its Fundamentals and History. Two Volumes. 1991. Translated and edited by Gyurme Dorje with Matthew Kapstein. Wisdom Publications, Boston. ISBN 0-86171-087-8
  • Dargyay, Eva M. (author) & Wayman, Alex (editor)(1998). The Rise of Esoteric Buddhism in Tibet. Second revised edition, reprint.Delhi, India: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt Ltd. Buddhist Tradition Series Vol.32. ISBN 81-208-1579-3 (paper)
  • Kapstein, Matthew T. (2002). The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion, Contestation, and Memory (Paperback). Oxford University Press, United States. ISBN 978-0-19-515227-2

viparita karani

Further reading edit

  • Khenchen Palden Sherab Rinpoche and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal Rinpoche. Key to Opening the Wisdom Door of Anuyoga: Exploring the One Taste of the Three Mandalas. Volume 7 of the Padma Samye Ling (PSL) Shedra Series. 2015. Sidney Center, New York: Dharma Samudra. ISBN 978-0-9834074-4-7 (book)

November 26, 2023
anuyoga, devanagari, अन, further, yoga, designation, second, three, inner, tantras, according, ninefold, division, practice, used, nyingma, school, tibetan, buddhism, this, schema, categorizes, various, stages, practice, specifically, emphasizes, completion, s. Anuyoga Devanagari अन य ग further yoga is the designation of the second of the three Inner Tantras according to the ninefold division of practice used by the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism This schema categorizes various stages of practice and Anuyoga specifically emphasizes the completion stage of Tantra As with the other yanas Anuyoga represents both a scriptural division as well as a specific emphasis of both view and practice Anuyoga delves into inner practices involving the subtle body chakras prana subtle energies nadis energy pathways and consciousness bindu It is particularly suited for individuals whose primary obstacle is passion and is associated with the feminine principle The central view of Anuyoga revolves around realizing the essence of the Threefold Maṇḍala of Samantabhadra comprising empty basic space wisdom and the union of emptiness and wisdom The Anuyoga category can be further divided into four root sutras six tantras clarifying the six limits twelve rare tantras and the Seventy Literary Scriptures making it a rich and diverse tradition within Tibetan Buddhism that focuses on inner transformation and enlightenment through completion stage practices Contents 1 Position in the nine yana schema 2 View 3 Texts 3 1 The four root sutras Wylie rtsa ba i mdo bzhi 3 2 The six tantras clarifying the six limits Wylie mtha drug gsal bar byed pa i rgyud drug 3 3 The twelve rare tantras Wylie dkon rgyud bcu gnyis 3 4 The Seventy Literary Scriptures Wylie lung gi yi ge bdun cu 3 5 Mindstream 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 6 1 Electronic 6 2 Print 7 Further readingPosition in the nine yana schema editAnuyoga is said to emphasise the completion stage of Tantra where the preceding division Mahayoga emphasises the generation stage Dalton 2003 unpaginated in introducing the literature of the Anuyoga yana affirms the affiliation of the Anuyoga yana with the completion stage also known as the perfection stage Modern day doxographical presentations of the Nyingma school are usually based on the system of the nine vehicles theg pa dgu Emphasis is placed on the highest three vehicles in this scheme namely Mahayoga Anuyoga and Atiyoga Generally speaking these three inner yogas correspond to three stages in tantric practice namely the generation stage during which the details of the visualizations are stabilised the perfection stage in which those visualizations are then employed towards familiarizing oneself with the state of enlightenment and finally the Great Perfection the spontaneous accomplishment of buddhahood Being the second of the three inner yogas Anuyoga is thus associated with the practices of the perfection stage 1 Ray 2002 p 124 125 mentions visualization subtle body chakra prana nadis bindu and pure land Anuyoga yana is associated with the feminine principle and is for those whose principal obstacle is passion In anuyoga the emphasis shifts away from external visualization toward the completion stage in which one meditates on the inner or subtle body with its primary energy centres chakras and its prana winds or subtle energies nadis the inner pathways along which one s energy travels and bindu the consciousness In anuyoga all appearances are seen as the three great mandalas and reality is understood as the deities and their pure lands 2 Germano 2002 unpaginated frames the importance of Nub Sangye Yeshe as the instigator of Anuyoga within Tibet and states that it was the late ninth century Nub Sangye Yeshe gnubs sangs rgyas ye shes who inaugurated the Anuyoga tradition in Tibet 3 Dudjom 1904 1987 et al 1991 p 460 History relate an important source that impacts on the story of King Ja particularly the narrative of the Buddhadharma relics falling from the sky upon the royal palace a happenstance which is implied to be concurrent with the emergence of the texts of Anuyoga in Sri Lanka with the provision of a quote of what Dudjom et al identify as a prediction found in the fifth chapter of the Tantra which Comprises the Supreme Path of the Means which Clearly Reveal All Positive Pristine Cognition Wylie kun bzang ye shes gsal bar ston pa i thabs kyi lam mchog dus pa i rgyud Nyingma Gyubum Vol 3 which Dudjom et al render in English thus The Mahayoga tantras will fall onto the palace of King Ja The Anuyoga tantras will emerge in the forests of Singhala Dudjom et al identify Singhala as located in Ceylon 4 View editThe particular view of Anuyoga is to realise the essence of the Threefold Maṇḍala of Samantabhadra Wylie kun tu bzang po dkyil khor gsum 5 empty basic space Wylie skyes med pa i dbyings the Primordial Maṇḍala of Samantabhadri Wylie ye ji bzhin pa i dkyil khor wisdom Wylie Ye shes the Natural Maṇḍala of Spontaneous Presence Wylie rang bzhin lhun grub kyi dkyil khor union of emptiness and wisdom Wylie chos kyi dbyings kyi ye shes the fundamental Maṇḍala of Enlightenment Wylie byang chub sems kyi dkyil khor Stated differently The three mandalas of Kuntuzangmo the unborn dharmadhatu dByings skye med kun tu bzang mo i dkyil khor whose unobstructed skillful means of luminosity is the mandala of Kuntuzangpo the yeshe wisdom Ye shes kun tu bzang po i dkyil khor and their inseparable union is the mandala of Great Bliss their son Sras bde ba chen po i dkyil khor 6 Texts editAnuyoga is the middle category of the inner tantras for the Nyingma school This doxographical category often called mdo Wylie Sanskrit sutra English thread continuity is not to be confused with the non tantric category by the same name It contains several works that designate themselves as sutras as well as the important text Compendium of the Buddhas Intentionality Wylie sangs rgyas dgongs dus or Compendium of the Intentions Wylie dgongs pa dus pa i mdo Skt sarvavidya sutra 7 This text may or may not have ever existed in India according to the colpohon it was translated from the language of Gilgit bru sha whence all of the Anuyoga texts are said to have been brought to Tibet Altogether there are three volumes of Anuyoga tantras amounting to nearly three thousand pages of Tibetan text Although the mTshams brag edition of The Collected Tantras does not rigorously organise its texts according to sub categories the Anuyoga category may be further subdivided according to the following scheme from Dudjom Rinpoche Dudjom et al 1991 p 289 which varies from the earlier catalogues canonised by Jigme Lingpa and that of Dampa Deshegs The four root sutras Wylie rtsa ba i rgyud bzhi The six tantras clarifying the six limits Wylie mtha drug gsal bar byed pa i rgyud drug The twelve rare tantras Wylie dkon rgyud bcu gnyis The Seventy Literary Scriptures Wylie lung gi yi ge bdun cu The four root sutras Wylie rtsa ba i mdo bzhi edit Gathering of the Hidden Meaning Wylie dgongs pa dus pa i mdo Skt sarva tathagata citta jnana guhyartha garbha vyuha vajra tantra siddha yogagama samaja sarvavidya sutra mahayanabhisamaya dharma paryaya vivyuha nama sutram 8 Gathering of All Knowledge Wylie kun dus rig pa i mdo Skt sarva tathagata citta guhya jnanartha garbha krodha vajra kula tantra piṇḍartha vidya yoga siddha nama mahayana sutra 9 Play of the Charnel Ground Cuckoo Wylie dur khrod khu byug rol ba Skt sarva tathagatasya kaya vak citta guhya smasana lalita tantra nama mahayana sutra 10 Wheel of Lightning of Miraculous Wisdom Wylie ye shes rngam pa klog gi khor lo Skt sarva tathagata guhya mahagupta kosa akṣaya nidhi dipa mahavrata sadhana tantra jnanascarya dyuti cakra nama mahayanasutra 11 The six tantras clarifying the six limits Wylie mtha drug gsal bar byed pa i rgyud drug edit kun tu bzang po che ba rang la gnas pa i rgyud Skt sarva dr ṣṭi raja samantabhadradhimatra svasti tantra dbang bskur rgyal po Skt padma raja abhiṣinca raja ati tantra ting dzin mchog Skt samadhyagra tantra raja skabs sbyor bdun pa Skt saca karma sarva raja tantra brtson pa don bden dam tshig bkod paThe twelve rare tantras Wylie dkon rgyud bcu gnyis edit zhi ba lha rgyud Skt santi deva tantra maha chos nyid zhi ba i lha rgyud Skt dharmata santi deva tantra khro bo i lha rgyud chen mo Skt krodha deva tantra maha khro bo i lha rgyud rtogs pa chen po Skt krodha deva tantra maha kalpa thugs rje chen po i gtor rgyud terminating colophon of the Catalogue of the Rig dzin Tshe dbang nor bu rNying ma i rgyud bum Skt maha karuṇa baliṃ maṃsa raktasthi maha bali tantra rnal byor gsang ba i tshogs rgyud chen po Skt yoga gaṇa maha tantra dpal bar khro mo Skt sri jvala krodhi tantra rak ta dmar gyi rgyud Skt sarva tathagata rakta mula tantra me lha zhi bar gyur ba bar ba i rgyud Skt ratna agni santiṃkuru jvala tantra khro bo i sbyin bsregs rdo rje i dur mo hum mdzad chen mo Skt maha huṃ kara tantra zla gsang chen moThe Seventy Literary Scriptures Wylie lung gi yi ge bdun cu edit This list remains to be enumerated Mindstream edit The mind stream doctrine Sanskrit citta santana Wylie thugs rgyud 12 sems rgyud is a union of the Semde Wylie sems sde mind series category of Atiyoga and Anuyoga proper and is reinforced by the Guhyagarbha Tantra literature and the Kulayaraja Tantra which comprised a major part of the transmitted precepts of the Zur Lineage Wylie zur lugs 13 This family was responsible for first formulating the transmitted precepts as such In doing so they made the Compendium Sutra a major part of their system placing it alongside the Guhyagarbha Tantra and the kun byed rgyal po to make their famous sutra tantra mind triad mdo rgyud sems gsum These three works became the chief canonical texts of the Zur s transmitted precepts corresponding to the respective doxographical classes of Anuyoga Mahayoga and the mind series of Atiyoga sems sde 14 See also editKatok MonasteryNotes edit Dalton Jake 2003 Anuyoga ཨ ན ཡ ག THDL Website Source 1 accessed Saturday February 27 2010 Ray Reginald A 2002 Indestructibe Truth The Living Spirituality of Tibetan Buddhism The World of Tibetan Buddhism Volume One Boston Massachusetts U S A Shambala Publications Inc ISBN 1 57062 910 2 P 124 125 Germano David March 25 2002 A Brief History of Nyingma Literature Source 2 Archived 2007 12 16 at the Wayback Machine accessed Wednesday July 23 2008 Dorje Jikdrel Yeshe Dudjom Rinpoche author amp translated and edited Gyurme Dorje and Matthew Kapstein 1991 The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism Its Fundamentals and History Boston USA Wisdom Publications ISBN 0 86171 199 8 p 460 History Lingpa Jigme author Rinpoche Patrul author Mahapandita Getse author Dharmachakra Translation Committee translators 2006 Deity Mantra and Wisdom Development Stage Meditation in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra Hardcover Ithaca NY USA Snow Lion Publications ISBN 978 1 55939 300 3 p 213 Source 3 accessed August 5 2008 Source 4 accessed Thursday April 5 2018 Source 5 accessed Thursday April 5 2018 Source 6 accessed Thursday April 5 2018 Source 7 accessed Thursday April 5 2018 Source 8 accessed Thursday April 5 2018 Dharma Dictionary December 28 2005 thugs rgyud Source 9 accessed August 2 2008 Dharma Dictionary December 28 2005 zur lugs Source 10 accessed August 2 2008 Dalton Jake 2003 Anuyoga ཨ ན ཡ ག THDL Website Source 11 accessed Saturday February 27 2010 References editElectronic edit Anu yoga Tantra s in the Collected Tantra s of the AncientsPrint edit Dudjom Rinpoche and Jikdrel Yeshe Dorje The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism its Fundamentals and History Two Volumes 1991 Translated and edited by Gyurme Dorje with Matthew Kapstein Wisdom Publications Boston ISBN 0 86171 087 8 Dargyay Eva M author amp Wayman Alex editor 1998 The Rise of Esoteric Buddhism in Tibet Second revised edition reprint Delhi India Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt Ltd Buddhist Tradition Series Vol 32 ISBN 81 208 1579 3 paper Kapstein Matthew T 2002 The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism Conversion Contestation and Memory Paperback Oxford University Press United States ISBN 978 0 19 515227 2viparita karaniFurther reading editKhenchen Palden Sherab Rinpoche and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal Rinpoche Key to Opening the Wisdom Door of Anuyoga Exploring the One Taste of the Three Mandalas Volume 7 of the Padma Samye Ling PSL Shedra Series 2015 Sidney Center New York Dharma Samudra ISBN 978 0 9834074 4 7 book Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anuyoga amp oldid 1182685492, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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