Anatole France (French: [anatɔl fʁɑ̃s]; born François-Anatole Thibault, [frɑ̃swa anatɔl tibo]; 16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924) was a French poet, journalist, and novelist with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters[according to whom?]. He was a member of the Académie Française, and won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his brilliant literary achievements, characterized as they are by a nobility of style, a profound human sympathy, grace, and a true Gallic temperament".[1]
Anatole France
Born
François-Anatole Thibault (1844-04-16)16 April 1844 Paris, France
Died
12 October 1924(1924-10-12) (aged 80) Tours, France
The son of a bookseller, France, a bibliophile,[3] spent most of his life around books. His father's bookstore specialized in books and papers on the French Revolution and was frequented by many writers and scholars. France studied at the Collège Stanislas, a private Catholic school, and after graduation he helped his father by working in his bookstore.[4] After several years, he secured the position of cataloguer at Bacheline-Deflorenne and at Lemerre. In 1876, he was appointed librarian for the French Senate.[5]
Literary career
France began his literary career as a poet and a journalist. In 1869, Le Parnasse contemporain published one of his poems, "La Part de Madeleine". In 1875, he sat on the committee in charge of the third Parnasse contemporain compilation. As a journalist, from 1867, he wrote many articles and notices. He became known with the novel Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard (1881).[6] Its protagonist, skeptical old scholar Sylvester Bonnard, embodied France's own personality. The novel was praised for its elegant prose and won him a prize from the Académie Française.[7]
France's home, 5 villa Saïd, 1894–1924
In La Rotisserie de la Reine Pedauque (1893) France ridiculed belief in the occult;[8] and in Les Opinions de Jérôme Coignard (1893), France captured the atmosphere of the fin de siècle. He was elected to the Académie Française in 1896.[9]
France took a part in the Dreyfus affair. He signed Émile Zola's manifesto supporting Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish army officer who had been falsely convicted of espionage.[10] France wrote about the affair in his 1901 novel Monsieur Bergeret.
France's later works include Penguin Island (L'Île des Pingouinscode: fra promoted to code: fr , 1908) which satirizes human nature by depicting the transformation of penguins into humans – after the birds have been baptized by mistake by the almost-blind Abbot Mael. It is a satirical history of France, starting in Medieval times, going on to the author's own time with special attention to the Dreyfus affair and concluding with a dystopian future. The Gods Are Athirst (Les dieux ont soif, 1912) is a novel, set in Paris during the French Revolution, about a true-believing follower of Maximilien Robespierre and his contribution to the bloody events of the Reign of Terror of 1793–94. It is a wake-up call against political and ideological fanaticism and explores various other philosophical approaches to the events of the time. The Revolt of the Angels (La Revolte des Angescode: fra promoted to code: fr , 1914) is often considered France's most profound and ironic novel. Loosely based on the Christian understanding of the War in Heaven, it tells the story of Arcade, the guardian angel of Maurice d'Esparvieu. Bored because Bishop d'Esparvieu is sinless, Arcade begins reading the bishop's books on theology and becomes an atheist. He moves to Paris, meets a woman, falls in love, and loses his virginity causing his wings to fall off, joins the revolutionary movement of fallen angels, and meets the Devil, who realizes that if he overthrew God, he would become just like God. Arcade realizes that replacing God with another is meaningless unless "in ourselves and in ourselves alone we attack and destroy Ialdabaoth." "Ialdabaoth", according to France, is God's secret name and means "the child who wanders".
On 31 May 1922, France's entire works were put on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum ("List of Prohibited Books") of the Catholic Church.[11] He regarded this as a "distinction".[12] This Index was abolished in 1966.
Personal life
In 1877, France married Valérie Guérin de Sauville, a granddaughter of Jean-Urbain Guérin, a miniaturist who painted Louis XVI.[13] Their daughter Suzanne was born in 1881 (and died in 1918).
France's relations with women were always turbulent, and in 1888 he began a relationship with Madame Arman de Caillavet, who conducted a celebrated literary salon of the Third Republic. The affair lasted until shortly before her death in 1910.[13]
After his divorce, in 1893, France had many liaisons, notably with a Madame Gagey, who committed suicide in 1911.[14]
In 1920, France married for the second time, to Emma Laprévotte.[15]
France was a socialist and an outspoken supporter of the 1917 Russian Revolution. In 1920, he gave his support to the newly founded French Communist Party.[16] In his book The Red Lily, France famously wrote, "The law, in its majestic equality, forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal loaves of bread."[17]
Reputation
The English writer George Orwell defended France and declared that his work remained very readable, and that "it is unquestionable that he was attacked partly from political motives".[18]
Les Opinions de Jérôme Coignardcode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Opinions of Jerome Coignard) (1893)
Le Lys rougecode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Red Lily) (1894)
Le Puits de Sainte Clairecode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Well of Saint Clare) (1895)
L'Histoire contemporainecode: fra promoted to code: fr (A Chronicle of Our Own Times)
1: L'Orme du mailcode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Elm-Tree on the Mall)(1897)
2: Le Mannequin d'osiercode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Wicker-Work Woman) (1897)
3: L'Anneau d'améthystecode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Amethyst Ring) (1899)
4: Monsieur Bergeret à Pariscode: fra promoted to code: fr (Monsieur Bergeret in Paris) (1901)
Clio (1900)
Histoire comiquecode: fra promoted to code: fr (A Mummer's Tale) (1903)
Sur la pierre blanchecode: fra promoted to code: fr (The White Stone) (1905)
L'Affaire Crainquebillecode: fra promoted to code: fr (1901)
L'Île des Pingouinscode: fra promoted to code: fr (Penguin Island) (1908)
Les Contes de Jacques Tournebrochecode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Merrie Tales of Jacques Tournebroche) (1908)
Les Sept Femmes de Barbe bleue et autres contes merveilleuxcode: fra promoted to code: fr (The Seven Wives of Bluebeard and Other Marvelous Tales) (1909)
^Wikipedia contributors. "At the Sign of the Reine Pédauque." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 9 Jan. 2022. Web. 11 Jun. 2022.
^Virtanen, Reino. Anatole France. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc. 1968. (p. 88). PRINT.
^Tekijä, jonka. “Anatole France (1844-1924)- pseudonym for Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault.” Authors’ Calendar. books and writers. http://authorscalendar.info/afrance.htm Accessed 11 June 2022.
anatole, france, metro, station, paris, métro, french, anatɔl, fʁɑ, born, françois, anatole, thibault, frɑ, anatɔl, tibo, april, 1844, october, 1924, french, poet, journalist, novelist, with, several, best, sellers, ironic, skeptical, considered, ideal, french. For the metro station see Anatole France Paris Metro Anatole France French anatɔl fʁɑ s born Francois Anatole Thibault frɑ swa anatɔl tibo 16 April 1844 12 October 1924 was a French poet journalist and novelist with several best sellers Ironic and skeptical he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters according to whom He was a member of the Academie Francaise and won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of his brilliant literary achievements characterized as they are by a nobility of style a profound human sympathy grace and a true Gallic temperament 1 Anatole FranceBornFrancois Anatole Thibault 1844 04 16 16 April 1844Paris FranceDied12 October 1924 1924 10 12 aged 80 Tours FranceOccupationNovelistNotable awardsNobel Prize in Literature 1921SignatureFrance is also widely believed to be the model for narrator Marcel s literary idol Bergotte in Marcel Proust s In Search of Lost Time 2 Contents 1 Early years 2 Literary career 3 Personal life 4 Reputation 5 Works 5 1 Poetry 5 2 Prose fiction 5 3 Memoirs 5 4 Plays 5 5 Historical biography 5 6 Literary criticism 5 7 Social criticism 6 References 7 External linksEarly years EditThe son of a bookseller France a bibliophile 3 spent most of his life around books His father s bookstore specialized in books and papers on the French Revolution and was frequented by many writers and scholars France studied at the College Stanislas a private Catholic school and after graduation he helped his father by working in his bookstore 4 After several years he secured the position of cataloguer at Bacheline Deflorenne and at Lemerre In 1876 he was appointed librarian for the French Senate 5 Literary career EditFrance began his literary career as a poet and a journalist In 1869 Le Parnasse contemporain published one of his poems La Part de Madeleine In 1875 he sat on the committee in charge of the third Parnasse contemporain compilation As a journalist from 1867 he wrote many articles and notices He became known with the novel Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard 1881 6 Its protagonist skeptical old scholar Sylvester Bonnard embodied France s own personality The novel was praised for its elegant prose and won him a prize from the Academie Francaise 7 France s home 5 villa Said 1894 1924 In La Rotisserie de la Reine Pedauque 1893 France ridiculed belief in the occult 8 and in Les Opinions de Jerome Coignard 1893 France captured the atmosphere of the fin de siecle He was elected to the Academie Francaise in 1896 9 France took a part in the Dreyfus affair He signed Emile Zola s manifesto supporting Alfred Dreyfus a Jewish army officer who had been falsely convicted of espionage 10 France wrote about the affair in his 1901 novel Monsieur Bergeret France s later works include Penguin Island L Ile des Pingouins code fra promoted to code fr 1908 which satirizes human nature by depicting the transformation of penguins into humans after the birds have been baptized by mistake by the almost blind Abbot Mael It is a satirical history of France starting in Medieval times going on to the author s own time with special attention to the Dreyfus affair and concluding with a dystopian future The Gods Are Athirst Les dieux ont soif 1912 is a novel set in Paris during the French Revolution about a true believing follower of Maximilien Robespierre and his contribution to the bloody events of the Reign of Terror of 1793 94 It is a wake up call against political and ideological fanaticism and explores various other philosophical approaches to the events of the time The Revolt of the Angels La Revolte des Anges code fra promoted to code fr 1914 is often considered France s most profound and ironic novel Loosely based on the Christian understanding of the War in Heaven it tells the story of Arcade the guardian angel of Maurice d Esparvieu Bored because Bishop d Esparvieu is sinless Arcade begins reading the bishop s books on theology and becomes an atheist He moves to Paris meets a woman falls in love and loses his virginity causing his wings to fall off joins the revolutionary movement of fallen angels and meets the Devil who realizes that if he overthrew God he would become just like God Arcade realizes that replacing God with another is meaningless unless in ourselves and in ourselves alone we attack and destroy Ialdabaoth Ialdabaoth according to France is God s secret name and means the child who wanders France c 1921 He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921 He died in 1924 and is buried in the Neuilly sur Seine Old Communal Cemetery near Paris On 31 May 1922 France s entire works were put on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum List of Prohibited Books of the Catholic Church 11 He regarded this as a distinction 12 This Index was abolished in 1966 Personal life EditIn 1877 France married Valerie Guerin de Sauville a granddaughter of Jean Urbain Guerin a miniaturist who painted Louis XVI 13 Their daughter Suzanne was born in 1881 and died in 1918 France s relations with women were always turbulent and in 1888 he began a relationship with Madame Arman de Caillavet who conducted a celebrated literary salon of the Third Republic The affair lasted until shortly before her death in 1910 13 After his divorce in 1893 France had many liaisons notably with a Madame Gagey who committed suicide in 1911 14 In 1920 France married for the second time to Emma Laprevotte 15 France was a socialist and an outspoken supporter of the 1917 Russian Revolution In 1920 he gave his support to the newly founded French Communist Party 16 In his book The Red Lily France famously wrote The law in its majestic equality forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges to beg in the streets and to steal loaves of bread 17 Reputation EditThe English writer George Orwell defended France and declared that his work remained very readable and that it is unquestionable that he was attacked partly from political motives 18 Works EditPoetry Edit France pictured by Jean Baptiste Guth for Vanity Fair 1909 Nos Enfants code fra promoted to code fr illustrations by Louis Maurice Boutet de Monvel 1900 Les Legions de Varus code fra promoted to code fr poem published in 1867 in the Gazette rimee Poemes dores code fra promoted to code fr 1873 Les Noces corinthiennes code fra promoted to code fr The Bride of Corinth 1876 Prose fiction Edit Jocaste et le chat maigre code fra promoted to code fr Jocasta and the Famished Cat 1879 Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard code fra promoted to code fr The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard 1881 Les Desirs de Jean Servien code fra promoted to code fr The Aspirations of Jean Servien 1882 Abeille code fra promoted to code fr Honey Bee 1883 Balthasar code fra promoted to code fr 1889 Thais code fra promoted to code fr 1890 L Etui de nacre code fra promoted to code fr Mother of Pearl 1892 La Rotisserie de la reine Pedauque code fra promoted to code fr At the Sign of the Reine Pedauque 1892 Les Opinions de Jerome Coignard code fra promoted to code fr The Opinions of Jerome Coignard 1893 Le Lys rouge code fra promoted to code fr The Red Lily 1894 Le Puits de Sainte Claire code fra promoted to code fr The Well of Saint Clare 1895 L Histoire contemporaine code fra promoted to code fr A Chronicle of Our Own Times 1 L Orme du mail code fra promoted to code fr The Elm Tree on the Mall 1897 2 Le Mannequin d osier code fra promoted to code fr The Wicker Work Woman 1897 3 L Anneau d amethyste code fra promoted to code fr The Amethyst Ring 1899 4 Monsieur Bergeret a Paris code fra promoted to code fr Monsieur Bergeret in Paris 1901 Clio 1900 Histoire comique code fra promoted to code fr A Mummer s Tale 1903 Sur la pierre blanche code fra promoted to code fr The White Stone 1905 L Affaire Crainquebille code fra promoted to code fr 1901 L Ile des Pingouins code fra promoted to code fr Penguin Island 1908 Les Contes de Jacques Tournebroche code fra promoted to code fr The Merrie Tales of Jacques Tournebroche 1908 Les Sept Femmes de Barbe bleue et autres contes merveilleux code fra promoted to code fr The Seven Wives of Bluebeard and Other Marvelous Tales 1909 Bee The Princess of the Dwarfs 1912 Les dieux ont soif code fra promoted to code fr The Gods Are Athirst 1912 La Revolte des anges code fra promoted to code fr The Revolt of the Angels 1914 Marguerite code fra promoted to code fr 1920 illustrated by Fernand SimeonMemoirs Edit Le Livre de mon ami code fra promoted to code fr My Friend s Book 1885 Pierre Noziere code fra promoted to code fr 1899 Le Petit Pierre code fra promoted to code fr Little Pierre 1918 La Vie en fleur code fra promoted to code fr The Bloom of Life 1922 Plays Edit Au petit bonheur code fra promoted to code fr 1898 Crainquebille 1903 La Comedie de celui qui epousa une femme muette code fra promoted to code fr The Man Who Married A Dumb Wife 1908 Le Mannequin d osier code fra promoted to code fr The Wicker Woman 1928 Historical biography Edit Vie de Jeanne d Arc code fra promoted to code fr The Life of Joan of Arc 1908 Literary criticism Edit Alfred de Vigny 1869 Le Chateau de Vaux le Vicomte code fra promoted to code fr 1888 Le Genie Latin code fra promoted to code fr The Latin Genius 1909 Social criticism Edit Le Jardin d Epicure code fra promoted to code fr The Garden of Epicurus 1895 Opinions sociales code fra promoted to code fr 1902 Le Parti noir code fra promoted to code fr 1904 Vers les temps meilleurs code fra promoted to code fr 1906 Sur la voie glorieuse code fra promoted to code fr 1915 Trente ans de vie sociale code fra promoted to code fr in four volumes 1949 1953 1964 1973 References Edit The Nobel Prize in Literature 1921 Marcel Proust A Life by Edmund White 12 July 2010 Anatole France benonsensical 24 July 2010 Archived from the original on 13 November 2012 Retrieved 30 July 2012 Tylden Wright David Anatole France New York Walker and Company 1967 p 37 PRINT Tylden Wright David Anatole France New York Walker and Company 1967 p 55 PRINT France Anatole Encyclopedia Com Cengage 2018 https www encyclopedia com people literature and arts french literature biographies anatole france Book awards Prix Montyon de l Academie francaise Book awards by cover LibraryThing nd Accessed on 11 June 2022 WEB https www librarything com bookaward Prix Montyon de l 27Acad C3 A9mie fran C3 A7aise Wikipedia contributors At the Sign of the Reine Pedauque Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia 9 Jan 2022 Web 11 Jun 2022 Virtanen Reino Anatole France New York Twayne Publishers Inc 1968 p 88 PRINT Tekija jonka Anatole France 1844 1924 pseudonym for Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault Authors Calendar books and writers http authorscalendar info afrance htm Accessed 11 June 2022 Halsall Paul May 1998 Modern History Sourcebook Index librorum prohibitorum 1557 1966 Index of Prohibited Books Internet History Sourcebooks Project Fordham University Current Opinion September 1922 p 295 a b Edouard Leduc 2004 Anatole France avant l oubli Editions Publibook pp 219 222 ISBN 978 2 7483 0397 1 Leduc Edouard 2006 Anatole France avant l oubli in French Editions Publibook p 223 ISBN 9782748303971 Lahy Hollebecque M 1924 Anatole France et la femme Baudiniere 1924 252 pp Anatole France The Free Dictionary Go Johann J 2020 Structure choice and responsibility Ethics amp Behavior 30 3 230 246 doi 10 1080 10508422 2019 1620610 S2CID 197698306 Harrison Bernard 29 December 2014 What Is Fiction For Literary Humanism Restored Indiana University Press ISBN 9780253014122 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anatole France Wikiquote has quotations related to Anatole France Works by Anatole France in eBook form at Standard Ebooks Works by Anatole France at Project Gutenberg List of Works Works by or about Anatole France at Internet Archive Works by Anatole France at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Works by Anatole France at Open Library Anatole France on Nobelprize org Anatole France Nobel Prize Winner by Herbert S Gorman The New York Times 20 November 1921 Correspondence with architect Jean Paul Oury at Syracuse University Universite McGill le roman selon les romanciers Anatole France his work in audio version Archived 19 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine in French Anatole France at Find a Grave Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anatole France amp oldid 1136595424, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
