Amygdalodon (/əmɪɡˈdælədɒn/; "almond tooth" for its almond shaped teeth) was a genus of basal sauropod from the Middle Jurassic of Argentina. The type species is Amygdalodon patagonicus.[1] Fossils of Amygdalodon have been found in the ToarcianCerro Carnerero Formation of the Jurassic (about 180-172 million years ago). Very little is known about it, but it is one of the few Jurassic dinosaurs from South America found thus far.
The holotype (MLP 46-VIII-21-1) consists of some vertebrae, ribs, four complete and three partial teeth, and a partial pelvis and shoulder-blade, of which was discovered in 1936. The type species, Amygdalodon patagonicus, was described by Cabrera in Argentina in 1947.[1] Until 1936 sauropod fossils from Argentina were completely unknown then, prompted by Piatnitzky's brief mention of "bones of a saurian of no less than 5-7m long", Dr. Tomás Suero took a trip to Chubut to check out deposits overlying the Liassic of the Pampa de Agnia and discovered the remains of a Jurassic sauropod dinosaur around twice the size of Piatnitzky's estimation (in 1936).[2][full citation needed]
Sizeedit
Amygdalodon is estimated to have been 12 metres (39 ft) long and 4 metres (13 ft) tall. This quadrupedal dinosaur had an estimated weight of over 5 tonnes (4.9 long tons; 5.5 short tons).[3]
Classificationedit
Rauhut (2003) placed Amygdalodon as Eusauropoda incertae sedis based on examination of the type material.[4] Later, a cladistic analysis conducted by Carballido et al. (2010) recovered the genus as a non-eusauropod sauropod.[5] Holwerda and Pol (2018) concurred, recovering Amygdalodon as sister to Isanosaurus.[6] A basal sauropod classification for Amygdalodon was supported by Pol and colleagues in 2022, with it showing the first signs of dental modification for bulk feeding that is retained in later sauropods, but it does not have the vertebral features found in more derived sauropods. They found it in a polytomy with the Asian taxon Gongxianosaurus, and possibly related to South American Volkheimeria, though the latter had a very labile position.[7]
^ abA. Cabrera. 1947. Un saurópodo nuevo del Jurásico de Patagonia. Instituto del Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Notas del Museo de La Plata, Paleontología12(95):1–17
^Paul, G.S., 2010, The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press p. 176
^Rauhut OWM. Revision of Amygdalodon patagonicus Cabrera, 1947 (Dinosauria, Sauropoda). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe. 2003;6:173–181.
^José Luis Carballido and Diego Pol (2010) "The dentition of Amygdalodon patagonicus (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) and the dental evolution in basal sauropods." Comptes Rendus Palevol 9: 83–93.
^Pol, D.; Gomez, K.; Holwerda, F.H.; Rauhut, O.W.M.; Carballido, J.L. (2022). "Sauropods from the Early Jurassic of South America and the Radiation of Eusauropoda". In Otero, A.; Carballido, J.L.; Pol, D. (eds.). South American Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Record, Diversity and Evolution. Springer. pp. 131–163. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-95959-3. ISBN978-3-030-95958-6. ISSN 2197-9596.
amygdalodon, almond, tooth, almond, shaped, teeth, genus, basal, sauropod, from, middle, jurassic, argentina, type, species, patagonicus, fossils, have, been, found, toarcian, cerro, carnerero, formation, jurassic, about, million, years, very, little, known, a. Amygdalodon em ɪ ɡ ˈ d ae l e d ɒ n almond tooth for its almond shaped teeth was a genus of basal sauropod from the Middle Jurassic of Argentina The type species is Amygdalodon patagonicus 1 Fossils of Amygdalodon have been found in the Toarcian Cerro Carnerero Formation of the Jurassic about 180 172 million years ago Very little is known about it but it is one of the few Jurassic dinosaurs from South America found thus far AmygdalodonTemporal range Toarcian 180 172 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Restoration Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Clade Dinosauria Clade Saurischia Clade Sauropodomorpha Clade Sauropoda Genus Amygdalodon Species A patagonicus Binomial name Amygdalodon patagonicusCabrera 1947 Contents 1 Discovery 2 Size 3 Classification 4 References 5 External linksDiscovery editThe holotype MLP 46 VIII 21 1 consists of some vertebrae ribs four complete and three partial teeth and a partial pelvis and shoulder blade of which was discovered in 1936 The type species Amygdalodon patagonicus was described by Cabrera in Argentina in 1947 1 Until 1936 sauropod fossils from Argentina were completely unknown then prompted by Piatnitzky s brief mention of bones of a saurian of no less than 5 7m long Dr Tomas Suero took a trip to Chubut to check out deposits overlying the Liassic of the Pampa de Agnia and discovered the remains of a Jurassic sauropod dinosaur around twice the size of Piatnitzky s estimation in 1936 2 full citation needed Size editAmygdalodon is estimated to have been 12 metres 39 ft long and 4 metres 13 ft tall This quadrupedal dinosaur had an estimated weight of over 5 tonnes 4 9 long tons 5 5 short tons 3 Classification editRauhut 2003 placed Amygdalodon as Eusauropoda incertae sedis based on examination of the type material 4 Later a cladistic analysis conducted by Carballido et al 2010 recovered the genus as a non eusauropod sauropod 5 Holwerda and Pol 2018 concurred recovering Amygdalodon as sister to Isanosaurus 6 A basal sauropod classification for Amygdalodon was supported by Pol and colleagues in 2022 with it showing the first signs of dental modification for bulk feeding that is retained in later sauropods but it does not have the vertebral features found in more derived sauropods They found it in a polytomy with the Asian taxon Gongxianosaurus and possibly related to South American Volkheimeria though the latter had a very labile position 7 Sauropoda Melanorosaurus Sefapanosaurus Leonerasaurus Aardonyx Lessemsauridae Lessemsaurus Antetonitrus Ledumahadi Ingentia Gongxianosaurus Amygdalodon Volkheimeria Pulanesaura Isanosaurus Gravisauria Sanpasaurus Tazoudasaurus Vulcanodon Volkheimeria Archaeodontosaurus Volkheimeria Volkheimeria EusauropodaReferences edit nbsp Argentina portal nbsp Dinosaurs portal nbsp Paleontology portal a b A Cabrera 1947 Un sauropodo nuevo del Jurasico de Patagonia Instituto del Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata Notas del Museo de La Plata Paleontologia 12 95 1 17 Piatnitzky 1936 Paul G S 2010 The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs Princeton University Press p 176 Rauhut OWM Revision of Amygdalodon patagonicus Cabrera 1947 Dinosauria Sauropoda Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin Geowissenschaftliche Reihe 2003 6 173 181 Jose Luis Carballido and Diego Pol 2010 The dentition of Amygdalodon patagonicus Dinosauria Sauropoda and the dental evolution in basal sauropods Comptes Rendus Palevol 9 83 93 Femke M Holwerda amp Diego Pol 2018 Phylogenetic analysis of Gondwanan basal eusauropods from the Early Middle Jurassic of Patagonia Argentina Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 33 2 289 298 DOI 10 7203 sjp 33 2 13604 https www researchgate net publication 330520139 Phylogenetic analysis of Gondwanan basal eusauropods from the Early Middle Jurassic of Patagonia Argentina Pol D Gomez K Holwerda F H Rauhut O W M Carballido J L 2022 Sauropods from the Early Jurassic of South America and the Radiation of Eusauropoda In Otero A Carballido J L Pol D eds South American Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs Record Diversity and Evolution Springer pp 131 163 doi 10 1007 978 3 030 95959 3 ISBN 978 3 030 95958 6 ISSN 2197 9596 External links editDinoDictionary Archived 18 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Amygdalodon amp oldid 1218463438, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
