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Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt, BWV 68

January 01, 1970

Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt (God so loved the world),[1] BWV 68, is a cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach, a church cantata for the second day of Pentecost. Bach composed the cantata in Leipzig and first performed it on 21 May 1725. It is one of nine cantatas on texts by Christiana Mariana von Ziegler, which Bach composed at the end of his second annual cycle of cantatas in Leipzig. In a unique structure among Bach's church cantatas, it begins with a chorale and ends with a complex choral movement on a quotation from the Gospel of John. Bach derived the two arias from his Hunting Cantata.

Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt
BWV 68
Church cantata by J. S. Bach
Christiana Mariana von Ziegler, author of the cantata text
OccasionPentecost Monday
Cantata textChristiana Mariana von Ziegler
Bible textJohn 3:18
Choraleby Salomo Liscow
Performed21 May 1725 (1725-05-21): Leipzig
Movements5
Vocal
  • SATB choir
  • solo: soprano and bass
Instrumental
  • horn
  • cornetto
  • 3 trombones
  • 2 oboes
  • taille
  • 2 violins
  • viola
  • violoncello piccolo
  • continuo

History and words edit

Bach composed the cantata during his second year in Leipzig for Pentecost Monday.[2][3] The prescribed readings for the feast day were taken from the Acts of the Apostles, the sermon of Saint Peter for Cornelius (Acts 10:42–48), and the Gospel of John, "God so loved the world" from the meeting of Jesus and Nicodemus (John 3:16–21).[2]

In his second year in Leipzig, Bach composed chorale cantatas between the first Sunday after Trinity and Palm Sunday, but for Easter returned to cantatas on more varied texts, possibly because he lost his librettist. Nine of his cantatas for the period between Easter and Pentecost are based on texts by Christiana Mariana von Ziegler, including this cantata.[4] Bach had possibly commissioned the texts in 1724 with his first cantata cycle in mind,[5] but he did not set music to them until 1725. He later inserted most of them in his third cantata cycle, but kept this one and Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein, BWV 128, composed for Ascension, in his second cycle, possibly because they both begin with a chorale fantasia.[2] The poet opened the cantata in an unusual way with the first stanza from Salomo Liscow's hymn (1675). It is close to the beginning of the Gospel: "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life". In the final movement, she quoted verse 18 from the Gospel, set by Bach as an unusual choral movement.[2]

Bach first performed the cantata on 21 May 1725.[6]

Structure and instrumentation edit

The cantata in five movements is scored for two soloists, soprano and bass, a four-part choir, horn, cornett, three trombones, two oboes, taille (tenor oboe), two violins, viola, violoncello piccolo and basso continuo.[2]

  1. Chorus: Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt
  2. Aria (soprano): Mein gläubiges Herze
  3. Recitative (bass): Ich bin mit Petro nicht vermessen
  4. Aria (bass): Du bist geboren mir zugute
  5. Chorus: Wer an ihn gläubet, der wird nicht gerichtet

Music edit

The opening chorus is a chorale fantasia, as in Bach's chorale cantatas. The hymn melody by Gottfried Vopelius (1682) is sung by the soprano, doubled by a horn.[7] Bach changed the rhythm of the tune from the original common time to 12/8.[6] The musicologist Julian Mincham notes that he "embellishes it to a degree whereby 'it hardly seems like a chorale any more'".[7]

The two arias are based on arias from Bach's 1713 Hunting Cantata (Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd, BWV 208). The soprano aria "Mein gläubiges Herze" (My faithful heart)[1] resembles the former aria of the shepherd goddess Pales "Weil die wollenreichen Herden" (While the herds all woolly-coated). In the church cantata, Bach used an obbligato violoncello piccolo, an instrument he experimented with in cantatas of the second cantata cycle (1724–25).[6] John Eliot Gardiner describes it as "surely one of Bach's most refreshing and unbuttoned expressions of melodic joy and high spirits".[5] The bass aria is based on the aria of the god Pan, "Ein Fürst ist seines Landes Pan" (A prince is his own country's Pan). Klaus Hofmann notes that the "splendid wind writing gives some hint of the pathos with which Pan ... is portrayed in Bach's hunting music".[6]

The final movement is not, as in many church cantatas, a simple four-part chorale, but a motet-like structure which conveys a verse from the Gospel of John. The juxtaposition of "wer an ihn gläubet" (Whoever believes in Him)[1] and "wer aber nicht gläubet" (but whoever does not believe)[1] is expressed by a double fugue with two contrasting themes. The voices are doubled by a choir of trombones.[6] Gardiner comments:

Invariably his settings of John's words are full of purpose, never more so than in the final chorus of BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt when, in place of a chorale, John postulates the chilling choice between salvation or judgement in the present life.[5]

Recordings edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Dellal, Pamela. "BWV 68 – "Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt"". Emmanuel Music. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e Dürr, Alfred (1981). Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach (in German). Vol. 1 (4 ed.). Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag. pp. 307–310. ISBN 3-423-04080-7.
  3. ^ Keillor, John. "Cantata No. 68, "Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt," BWV 68 (BC A86)". Allmusic. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  4. ^ Wolff, Christoph. "Conclusion of the second yearly cycle (1724–25) of the Leipzig church cantatas" (PDF). Bach Cantatas Website. p. 2. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
  5. ^ a b c Gardiner, John Eliot (2006). Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) / Cantatas Nos 34, 59, 68, 74, 172, 173 & 174 (Media notes). Soli Deo Gloria (at Hyperion Records website). Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e Hofmann, Klaus (2007). "Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt / For God so Loved the World, BWV 68" (PDF). Bach Cantatas Website. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  7. ^ a b Mincham, Julian (2010). "Chapter 49 Bwv 68 – The Cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach". jsbachcantatas.com. Retrieved 22 August 2022.

Sources edit

January 01, 1970
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Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt God so loved the world 1 BWV 68 is a cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach a church cantata for the second day of Pentecost Bach composed the cantata in Leipzig and first performed it on 21 May 1725 It is one of nine cantatas on texts by Christiana Mariana von Ziegler which Bach composed at the end of his second annual cycle of cantatas in Leipzig In a unique structure among Bach s church cantatas it begins with a chorale and ends with a complex choral movement on a quotation from the Gospel of John Bach derived the two arias from his Hunting Cantata Also hat Gott die Welt geliebtBWV 68Church cantata by J S BachChristiana Mariana von Ziegler author of the cantata textOccasionPentecost MondayCantata textChristiana Mariana von ZieglerBible textJohn 3 18Choraleby Salomo LiscowPerformed21 May 1725 1725 05 21 LeipzigMovements5VocalSATB choir solo soprano and bassInstrumentalhorncornetto3 trombones2 oboestaille2 violinsviolavioloncello piccolocontinuo Contents 1 History and words 2 Structure and instrumentation 3 Music 4 Recordings 5 References 6 SourcesHistory and words editBach composed the cantata during his second year in Leipzig for Pentecost Monday 2 3 The prescribed readings for the feast day were taken from the Acts of the Apostles the sermon of Saint Peter for Cornelius Acts 10 42 48 and the Gospel of John God so loved the world from the meeting of Jesus and Nicodemus John 3 16 21 2 In his second year in Leipzig Bach composed chorale cantatas between the first Sunday after Trinity and Palm Sunday but for Easter returned to cantatas on more varied texts possibly because he lost his librettist Nine of his cantatas for the period between Easter and Pentecost are based on texts by Christiana Mariana von Ziegler including this cantata 4 Bach had possibly commissioned the texts in 1724 with his first cantata cycle in mind 5 but he did not set music to them until 1725 He later inserted most of them in his third cantata cycle but kept this one and Auf Christi Himmelfahrt allein BWV 128 composed for Ascension in his second cycle possibly because they both begin with a chorale fantasia 2 The poet opened the cantata in an unusual way with the first stanza from Salomo Liscow s hymn 1675 It is close to the beginning of the Gospel For God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life In the final movement she quoted verse 18 from the Gospel set by Bach as an unusual choral movement 2 Bach first performed the cantata on 21 May 1725 6 Structure and instrumentation editThe cantata in five movements is scored for two soloists soprano and bass a four part choir horn cornett three trombones two oboes taille tenor oboe two violins viola violoncello piccolo and basso continuo 2 Chorus Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt Aria soprano Mein glaubiges Herze Recitative bass Ich bin mit Petro nicht vermessen Aria bass Du bist geboren mir zugute Chorus Wer an ihn glaubet der wird nicht gerichtetMusic editThe opening chorus is a chorale fantasia as in Bach s chorale cantatas The hymn melody by Gottfried Vopelius 1682 is sung by the soprano doubled by a horn 7 Bach changed the rhythm of the tune from the original common time to 12 8 6 The musicologist Julian Mincham notes that he embellishes it to a degree whereby it hardly seems like a chorale any more 7 The two arias are based on arias from Bach s 1713 Hunting Cantata Was mir behagt ist nur die muntre Jagd BWV 208 The soprano aria Mein glaubiges Herze My faithful heart 1 resembles the former aria of the shepherd goddess Pales Weil die wollenreichen Herden While the herds all woolly coated In the church cantata Bach used an obbligato violoncello piccolo an instrument he experimented with in cantatas of the second cantata cycle 1724 25 6 John Eliot Gardiner describes it as surely one of Bach s most refreshing and unbuttoned expressions of melodic joy and high spirits 5 The bass aria is based on the aria of the god Pan Ein Furst ist seines Landes Pan A prince is his own country s Pan Klaus Hofmann notes that the splendid wind writing gives some hint of the pathos with which Pan is portrayed in Bach s hunting music 6 The final movement is not as in many church cantatas a simple four part chorale but a motet like structure which conveys a verse from the Gospel of John The juxtaposition of wer an ihn glaubet Whoever believes in Him 1 and wer aber nicht glaubet but whoever does not believe 1 is expressed by a double fugue with two contrasting themes The voices are doubled by a choir of trombones 6 Gardiner comments Invariably his settings of John s words are full of purpose never more so than in the final chorus of BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt when in place of a chorale John postulates the chilling choice between salvation or judgement in the present life 5 Recordings editBach Made in Germany Vol 2 Cantatas IV Kurt Thomas Thomanerchor Gewandhausorchester Elisabeth Grummer Theo Adam Eterna 1960 J S Bach Cantatas BWV 68 amp BWV 70 Kurt Thomas Kantorei der Dreikonigskirche Frankfurt Collegium Musicum Ingeborg Reichelt Erich Wenk L Oiseau Lyre 1962 Les Grandes Cantates de J S Bach Vol 14 Fritz Werner Heinrich Schutz Chor Heilbronn Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra Agnes Giebel Jakob Stampfli Erato 1963 J S Bach Erschallet ihr Lieder Kantate BWV 172 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt Kantate BWV 68 Klaus Martin Ziegler Vocalensemble Kassel Deutsche Bachsolisten Ursula Buckel Jakob Stampfli Cantate 1966 Bach Cantatas Vol 3 Ascension Day Whitsun Trinity Karl Richter Munchener Bach Chor Munchener Bach Orchester Edith Mathis Dietrich Fischer Dieskau Archiv Produktion 1975 J S Bach Das Kantatenwerk Complete Cantatas Les Cantates Folge Vol 17 BWV 65 68 Nikolaus Harnoncourt Tolzer Knabenchor Concentus Musicus Wien soloist of the Tolzer Knabenchor Ruud van der Meer Teldec 1975 Die Bach Kantate Vol 37 Helmuth Rilling Gachinger Kantorei Bach Collegium Stuttgart Arleen Auger Philippe Huttenlocher Hanssler 1981 Bach Made in Germany Vol 4 Cantatas II Hans Joachim Rotzsch Thomanerchor Gewandhausorchester Arleen Auger Theo Adam Leipzig Classics 1981 J S Bach Cantatas with Violoncelle Piccolo Christophe Coin Chœur de Chambre Accentus Ensemble Baroque de Limoges Barbara Schlick Gotthold Schwarz Auvidis Astree 1995 Bach Cantatas Vol 26 Long Melford For Whit Sunday For Whit Monday John Eliot Gardiner Monteverdi Choir English Baroque Soloists Lisa Larsson Panajotis Iconomou Soli Deo Gloria 2000 Bach Edition Vol 21 Cantatas Vol 12 Pieter Jan Leusink Holland Boys Choir Netherlands Bach Collegium Marjon Strijk Bas Ramselaar Brilliant Classics 2000 J S Bach Complete Cantatas Vol 14 Ton Koopman Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra amp Choir Deborah York Klaus Mertens Antoine Marchand 2001 J S Bach Cantatas Vol 39 BWV 28 68 85 175 183 Masaaki Suzuki Bach Collegium Japan Carolyn Sampson Peter Kooy BIS 2007 J S Bach Himmelfahrts Oratorium Philippe Herreweghe Collegium Vocale Gent Dorothee Mields Stephan MacLeod Rapidshare 2008References edit a b c d Dellal Pamela BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt Emmanuel Music Retrieved 22 August 2022 a b c d e Durr Alfred 1981 Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach in German Vol 1 4 ed Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag pp 307 310 ISBN 3 423 04080 7 Keillor John Cantata No 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt BWV 68 BC A86 Allmusic Retrieved 23 October 2012 Wolff Christoph Conclusion of the second yearly cycle 1724 25 of the Leipzig church cantatas PDF Bach Cantatas Website p 2 Retrieved 1 June 2011 a b c Gardiner John Eliot 2006 Johann Sebastian Bach 1685 1750 Cantatas Nos 34 59 68 74 172 173 amp 174 Media notes Soli Deo Gloria at Hyperion Records website Retrieved 8 June 2019 a b c d e Hofmann Klaus 2007 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt For God so Loved the World BWV 68 PDF Bach Cantatas Website pp 5 6 Retrieved 16 May 2013 a b Mincham Julian 2010 Chapter 49 Bwv 68 The Cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach jsbachcantatas com Retrieved 22 August 2022 Sources editAlso hat Gott die Welt geliebt BWV 68 Scores at the International Music Score Library Project Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt BWV 68 BC A 86 Sacred cantata 2nd Day of Pentecost Bach Digital Cantata BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt history scoring sources for text and music translations to various languages discography discussion Bach Cantatas Website BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt English translation University of Vermont BWV 68 Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt text scoring University of Alberta Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt BWV 68 amp oldid 1211674555, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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