"Zaydids" redirects here. For the Shia religious community, see Zaidiyyah.
Alid dynasties of northern Iran or Alavids (Persian: علویان طبرستان). In the 9th–10th centuries, the northern Iranian regions of Tabaristan, Daylam and Gilan, sandwiched between the Caspian Sea and the Alborz range, came under the rule of a number of ArabAlid dynasties, espousing the Zaydi branch of Shia Islam.
The first and most powerful Zaydi emirate was established in Tabaristan in 864 and lasted until 928. It was interrupted by Samanid occupation in 900, but restored in 914 by another Alid branch.
The second period of the Alid emirate was plagued by internal dissensions and power struggles between the two branches, and ended in the second conquest of the region by the Samanids in 928. Subsequently, some of the soldiers and generals of the Alavids joined the Samanids, among them Mardavij, founder of the Ziyarid dynasty, and the three sons of Buya (Ali, Hassan and Ahmad), founders of the Buyid dynasty.
Local Zaydi rulers survived in Daylam and Gilan until the 16th century.
Hasan ibn Zayd, adopted the regnal nameal-Da'i ila'l-Haqq (864–884). He was forced to abandon Tabaristan briefly for Daylam in 869 and 874 due to invasions
Muhammad ibn Zayd, also adopted the regnal name al-Da'i ila'l-Haqq (884–900). Rule in Tabaristan proper was usurped by Abu'l-Husayn Ahmad ibn Muhammad for a few months as Muhammad was in Gurgan at the time of Hasan's death. Tabaristan was overrun briefly by Rafi ibn Harthama in 891–893, and in 900 Muhammad tried to conquer Khurasan, but was defeated and killed by the Samanids. The Samanids captured Tabaristan, and the Alavids fled to Daylam in exile (900-913).
Hasan ibn Ali al-Utrush, adopted the regnal name al-Nasir li'l-Haqq (914–917). A Husaynid from Medina, he converted the Gilites and Daylamites to the Zaydi doctrine, recovered Tabaristan.
Abu Muhammad Hasan ibn Qasim, also adopted the regnal name al-Da'i ila'l-haq (917–919, 919–923, 927–928). A Hasanid, he was the commander of the army under al-Utrush and named by the latter as his heir. His rule was challenged by al-Utrush's sons and their numerous supporters (the "Nasiris"), who seized power twice, briefly in 919 and again in 923. Regained the throne with the help of Makan ibn Kaki, ruled until he was killed in battle with Asfar ibn Shiruya.
Abu 'l-Husayn Ahmad ibn Hasan, surnamed Nasir (919, 923). Reigned jointly with his brother in 919, thereafter reconciled himself with Abu Muhammad Hasan al-Da'i until 923, when he reigned briefly until his death.
Abu 'l-Qasim Ja'far ibn Hasan, surnamed Nasir (919, 923–925). Reigned jointly with his brother in 919 and from 923 until his death.
Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Abu 'l-Husayn Ahmad, surnamed Nasir (925–927). Son of Ahmad ibn Hasan, he was chosen as emir after Ja'far died. Deposed briefly by Makan ibn Kaki, who installed Isma'il ibn Ja'far as a puppet ruler, regained the throne with the aid of Asfar ibn Shiruya.
Abu Ja'far Husayn ibn Abu 'l-Husayn Ahmad, surnamed Nasir (927). Brother of Abu Ali Muhammad, he was deposed by Makan ibn Kaki, who brought back Abu Muhammad Hasan al-Da'i. Installed once more as imam briefly by Asfar ibn Shiruya under Samanid suzerainty, but later removed to the Samanid court at Bukhara. Tried to recover Tabaristan in 931 with the help of Mardavij, but failed.
Madelung, W. (1975). "The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran". In Frye, R.N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 198–249. ISBN978-0-521-20093-6.
Madelung, W. (1985). "ʿALIDS OF ṬABARESTĀN, DAYLAMĀN, AND GĪLĀN". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 8. London u.a.: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 881–886. ISBN0710090994.
March 17, 2024
alid, dynasties, northern, iran, zaydids, redirects, here, shia, religious, community, zaidiyyah, alavids, persian, علویان, طبرستان, 10th, centuries, northern, iranian, regions, tabaristan, daylam, gilan, sandwiched, between, caspian, alborz, range, came, unde. Zaydids redirects here For the Shia religious community see Zaidiyyah Alid dynasties of northern Iran or Alavids Persian علویان طبرستان In the 9th 10th centuries the northern Iranian regions of Tabaristan Daylam and Gilan sandwiched between the Caspian Sea and the Alborz range came under the rule of a number of Arab Alid dynasties espousing the Zaydi branch of Shia Islam Zaydi Alid dynasties of northern Iranعلویو طبرستانتبرس ون علویون864 900914 928FlagMap of the Alid EmirateCapitalAmolCapital in exileSari and AstarabadCommon languagesArabic MazandaraniReligionZaydi IslamGovernmentTheocratic aristocracyImam Da i 864 884 first Hasan ibn Zayd al Da i ila l Haqq 927 928 last Hasan ibn Qasim al Da i ila l HaqqHistorical eraMiddle Ages Established864 Disestablished928Preceded by Succeeded byAbbasid CaliphateTahirid dynasty Samanid dynastyZiyarid dynastyThe first and most powerful Zaydi emirate was established in Tabaristan in 864 and lasted until 928 It was interrupted by Samanid occupation in 900 but restored in 914 by another Alid branch The second period of the Alid emirate was plagued by internal dissensions and power struggles between the two branches and ended in the second conquest of the region by the Samanids in 928 Subsequently some of the soldiers and generals of the Alavids joined the Samanids among them Mardavij founder of the Ziyarid dynasty and the three sons of Buya Ali Hassan and Ahmad founders of the Buyid dynasty Local Zaydi rulers survived in Daylam and Gilan until the 16th century List of Zaydi emirs and imams of Tabaristan editFurther information Zaydis and History of Tabaristan Hasan ibn Zayd adopted the regnal name al Da i ila l Haqq 864 884 He was forced to abandon Tabaristan briefly for Daylam in 869 and 874 due to invasions Muhammad ibn Zayd also adopted the regnal name al Da i ila l Haqq 884 900 Rule in Tabaristan proper was usurped by Abu l Husayn Ahmad ibn Muhammad for a few months as Muhammad was in Gurgan at the time of Hasan s death Tabaristan was overrun briefly by Rafi ibn Harthama in 891 893 and in 900 Muhammad tried to conquer Khurasan but was defeated and killed by the Samanids The Samanids captured Tabaristan and the Alavids fled to Daylam in exile 900 913 Hasan ibn Ali al Utrush adopted the regnal name al Nasir li l Haqq 914 917 A Husaynid from Medina he converted the Gilites and Daylamites to the Zaydi doctrine recovered Tabaristan Abu Muhammad Hasan ibn Qasim also adopted the regnal name al Da i ila l haq 917 919 919 923 927 928 A Hasanid he was the commander of the army under al Utrush and named by the latter as his heir His rule was challenged by al Utrush s sons and their numerous supporters the Nasiris who seized power twice briefly in 919 and again in 923 Regained the throne with the help of Makan ibn Kaki ruled until he was killed in battle with Asfar ibn Shiruya Abu l Husayn Ahmad ibn Hasan surnamed Nasir 919 923 Reigned jointly with his brother in 919 thereafter reconciled himself with Abu Muhammad Hasan al Da i until 923 when he reigned briefly until his death Abu l Qasim Ja far ibn Hasan surnamed Nasir 919 923 925 Reigned jointly with his brother in 919 and from 923 until his death Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Abu l Husayn Ahmad surnamed Nasir 925 927 Son of Ahmad ibn Hasan he was chosen as emir after Ja far died Deposed briefly by Makan ibn Kaki who installed Isma il ibn Ja far as a puppet ruler regained the throne with the aid of Asfar ibn Shiruya Abu Ja far Husayn ibn Abu l Husayn Ahmad surnamed Nasir 927 Brother of Abu Ali Muhammad he was deposed by Makan ibn Kaki who brought back Abu Muhammad Hasan al Da i Installed once more as imam briefly by Asfar ibn Shiruya under Samanid suzerainty but later removed to the Samanid court at Bukhara Tried to recover Tabaristan in 931 with the help of Mardavij but failed See also editHistory of Iran Muslim dynasties of Iran List of Shi a Muslim dynastiesReferences editMadelung W 1975 The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran In Frye R N ed The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 4 From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 198 249 ISBN 978 0 521 20093 6 Madelung W 1985 ʿALIDS OF ṬABARESTAN DAYLAMAN AND GiLAN Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol I Fasc 8 London u a Routledge amp Kegan Paul pp 881 886 ISBN 0710090994 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alid dynasties of northern Iran amp oldid 1197531653, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
