Al-Mu'ayyad Shihab al-Din Ahmad
Al-Mu'ayyad Shihab al-Din Ahmad (Arabic: المؤيد شهاب الدين أحمد بن اينال; 1430 – 28 January 1488) was the son of Sayf ad-Din Inal, and a Mamluk sultan of Egypt from 26 February to 28 June 1461.[1][2]
| Al-Mu'ayyad Shihab al-Din Ahmad | |
|---|---|
| Sultan of Egypt and Syria | |
| Reign | 26 February 1461 – 28 June 1461 |
| Predecessor | Sayf ad-Din Inal |
| Successor | Sayf ad-Din Khushqadam |
| Born | 1430 Cairo |
| Died | 28 January 1488 (aged 57–58) Alexandria |
| Father | Sayf ad-Din Inal |
| Mother | Khawand Zaynab |
Biography edit
Shihab al-Din Ahmad was born in Cairo to Sayf ad-Din Inal and Khawand Zaynab bint Khasbek. He was emir al-hajj ("commander of the pilgrimage [to Mecca]"),[3] before he was proclaimed sultan on 26 February 1461, after his father became ill.[4]
However, Ahmad ruled for four months before peacefully abdicating on 28 June as a result of pressure from an alliance of powerful mamluk factions opposed to his leadership, including the Zahiris, Ashrafis, Nasiris and his own Mu'ayyadis. They were led by Sayf ad-Din Khushqadam who became sultan in Ahmad's stead.[5] Ahmad was imprisoned along with his brother Al-Nasri Mohammed in Alexandria, until he was released during the reign of Timurbugha in 1467.
He was allowed to return to Cairo with his son Ali by Sultan Qaitbay, when his mother became ill in 1479. He later returned to Alexandria and lived there until his death on 28 January 1488.
His only known wife was the daughter of Süleyman Bey, ruler of the Dulkadirid. She had been previously married to Sultan Sayf ad-Din Jaqmaq. She died on 27 April 1460.[6]
References edit
- ^ Margoliouth, David Samuel (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 80–130, see page 102.
...On his death on the 26th of February 1461 his son Aḥmad was proclaimed sultan with the title Malik al-Mu'ayyad; he had the usual fate of sultans' sons.....he was compelled to abdicate on the 28th of June 1461
- ^ Eduard von Zambaur (1980). معجم الأنساب والأسرات الحاكمة في التاريخ الإسلامي للمستشرق زامباور (in Arabic). Beirut: IslamKotob. p. 164.
- ^ Raymond 2000, p. 166.
- ^ Natho 2010, p. 216.
- ^ Natho 2010, p. 217.
- ^ D'hulster, Kristof; Steenbergen, Jo Van. "Family Matters: The Family-In-Law Impulse in Mamluk Marriage Policy". Annales Islamologiques. 47: 61–82. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
Sources edit
- Natho, Kadir I. (2010). Circassian History. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1441523884.
- Raymond, A. (2000). Cairo. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674003160.
Uthman Inal Sultan.