The Banū Mazyad (Arabic: بنو مزيد) or Mazyadids were an ArabShia dynasty of central Iraq. They belonged to the clan of Nāshira of the tribe of Banū Asad. They ruled an autonomous emirate in the area around Kūfa and Hīt between c. 961 and c. 1160.[1]
Mazyadid Emirate
إمارة بنو مزيد
c.961–c.1160
Emirate of Banu Mazyad c. 1086
Status
Largely autonomous emirate under the Buyids and the Seljuks
Older sources sometimes mistakenly date the beginnings of Mazyadid rule to the early 11th century, but Ali ibn Mazyad's reign must be dated a half century earlier. The Banu Mazyad first acquired titles and subsidies from the Buyid emir Mu'izz al-Dawla in return for military services between 956 and 963. These included lands between Kūfa and Hīt.[2]
In 1012, Ali founded Ḥilla which would later become their capital.[3] Originally a mere encampment, Ḥilla merged with the earlier settlement of Jami'ayn. Under Sadaqa I (1086–1108), a wall was built around the new city and it became the capital of Mazyadid power.[2]
The Mazyadids' chief rivals were the Uqaylids. Early in the reign of Dubays I (1017–1082), the Uqaylids supported his brother Muqallad when the latter challenged Dubays for the emirate. At the establishment of the Seljuk Empire, Dubays threw his support behind the Shia Fatimid Caliphate and the general al-Basasiri.[2]
The reign of the weak Seljuk sultan Barkiyaruq (1092–1105) corresponds to the height of Sadaqa I's power. To the First Crusaders, he was the "king of the Arabs" (rex Arabum in Latin chronicles). After Malik-Shah II succeeded Barkiyaruq, he moved against Sadaqa, who was defeated and killed in battle in 1108. His successor, Dubays II, was equally famous to the Latins and as an Arabic poet.[2]
The later Mazyadid emirs allied with local Turkish emirs against Sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud (1134–1152). Seljuk forces occupied Ḥilla on several occasions. Dubays II died in 1135 and was succeeded by his son, Ali II, who reigned until 1150. He was succeeded in turn by his son, Muhalhil, about whose reign nothing is known, including its length. In 1163, Ḥilla was occupied by Abbasid forces and Mazyadid rule came to an end.[2]
Bosworth, C. E. (1996). "36. The Mazyadids". The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 87–88.
Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894). The Mohammedan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions. A. Constable and company. p. 119.
banu, mazyad, banū, mazyad, arabic, بنو, مزيد, mazyadids, were, arab, shia, dynasty, central, iraq, they, belonged, clan, nāshira, tribe, banū, asad, they, ruled, autonomous, emirate, area, around, kūfa, hīt, between, 1160, mazyadid, emirateإمارة, بنو, مزيدc, . The Banu Mazyad Arabic بنو مزيد or Mazyadids were an Arab Shia dynasty of central Iraq They belonged to the clan of Nashira of the tribe of Banu Asad They ruled an autonomous emirate in the area around Kufa and Hit between c 961 and c 1160 1 Mazyadid Emirateإمارة بنو مزيدc 961 c 1160Emirate of Banu Mazyad c 1086StatusLargely autonomous emirate under the Buyids and the SeljuksCapitalḤillaCommon languagesArabicReligionShia IslamGovernmentEmirateEmir 961 1017Ali I first 1150 1160Muhalhil last Historical eraMiddle Ages Establishedc 961 Disestablishedc 1160Preceded by Succeeded byBuyid dynasty Abbasid CaliphateToday part ofIraqOlder sources sometimes mistakenly date the beginnings of Mazyadid rule to the early 11th century but Ali ibn Mazyad s reign must be dated a half century earlier The Banu Mazyad first acquired titles and subsidies from the Buyid emir Mu izz al Dawla in return for military services between 956 and 963 These included lands between Kufa and Hit 2 In 1012 Ali founded Ḥilla which would later become their capital 3 Originally a mere encampment Ḥilla merged with the earlier settlement of Jami ayn Under Sadaqa I 1086 1108 a wall was built around the new city and it became the capital of Mazyadid power 2 The Mazyadids chief rivals were the Uqaylids Early in the reign of Dubays I 1017 1082 the Uqaylids supported his brother Muqallad when the latter challenged Dubays for the emirate At the establishment of the Seljuk Empire Dubays threw his support behind the Shia Fatimid Caliphate and the general al Basasiri 2 The reign of the weak Seljuk sultan Barkiyaruq 1092 1105 corresponds to the height of Sadaqa I s power To the First Crusaders he was the king of the Arabs rex Arabum in Latin chronicles After Malik Shah II succeeded Barkiyaruq he moved against Sadaqa who was defeated and killed in battle in 1108 His successor Dubays II was equally famous to the Latins and as an Arabic poet 2 The later Mazyadid emirs allied with local Turkish emirs against Sultan Ghiyath ad Din Mas ud 1134 1152 Seljuk forces occupied Ḥilla on several occasions Dubays II died in 1135 and was succeeded by his son Ali II who reigned until 1150 He was succeeded in turn by his son Muhalhil about whose reign nothing is known including its length In 1163 Ḥilla was occupied by Abbasid forces and Mazyadid rule came to an end 2 The Mazyadids did not mint coin 2 Contents 1 Mazyadid rulers 2 Notes 3 References 4 External linksMazyadid rulers Editc 961 1017 Sana al Dawla Ali I ibn Mazyad al Asadi al Nashiri 2 1017 1082 Nur al Dawla Abu l A zz Dubays I ibn Ali 2 1082 1086 Abu Kamil Baha al Dawla Mansur ibn Dubays 2 1086 1108 Sayf al Dawla Fakhr al Din Abu l Hasan Sadaqa I ibn Mansur 2 1108 1135 Nur al Dawla Abu l A zz Dubays II ibn Sadaqa 2 1135 1138 Sayf al Dawla Sadaqa II ibn Dubays 2 1138 1145 Muhammad ibn Dubays 2 1145 1150 Ali II ibn Dubays 2 1150 Muhalhil ibn Ali 2 Notes Edit Bosworth 1991 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bosworth 1996 Moojan Momen An Introduction to Shi i Islam Yale University Press 1985 References EditBosworth C E 1991 Mazyad In Bosworth C E van Donzel E amp Pellat Ch eds The Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Volume VI Mahk Mid Leiden E J Brill pp 965 966 ISBN 978 90 04 08112 3 Bosworth C E 1996 36 The Mazyadids The New Islamic Dynasties A Chronological and Genealogical Manual Edinburgh University Press pp 87 88 Lane Poole Stanley 1894 The Mohammedan Dynasties Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions A Constable and company p 119 Runciman Steven 1951 A History of the Crusades 1st ed Cambridge Cambridge University Press p 113 External links EditThe Shia Rulers of Banu Ammar Banu Mardas and the Mazidi Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Banu Mazyad amp oldid 1072670015, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
