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Al-Manār (magazine)

February 23, 2024

Al-Manār (Arabic: المنار; 'The Lighthouse'), was an Islamic magazine, written in Arabic, and was founded, published and edited by Rashid Rida from 1898 until his death in 1935 in Cairo, Egypt.[1][2] The magazine championed the superiority of Islamic religious system over other ideologies and was noteworthy for its campaigns for the restoration of a pan-Islamic Caliphate.[3]

Al-Manār
Cover of the second issue of Al Manār magazine, 1899
Editor-in-chiefRashid Rida
Categories
  • Islamic magazine
  • Political magazine
Frequency
  • Weekly
  • Monthly
Founder
  • Rashid Rida
  • Salih Rida
Founded1898
Final issue1940
CountryEgypt
Based inCairo
LanguageArabic

History and profile edit

Al-Manār was founded by Rashid Rida in 1898,[2] and his brother, Salih Rida, was also instrumental in the establishment of the magazine.[4] They were both members of the Decentralization Party.[4] Their goal in establishing the magazine was to articulate and disseminate reformist ideas and preserve the unity of the Muslim nations.[5] The magazine was based in Cairo.[1][6] It was started as a weekly, but later its frequency was switched to monthly.[1]

Rashid Rida was the sole editor-in-chief of the magazine.[2] Its content was heavily about Quranic interpretations.[6] Rida published numerous articles in Al-Manār which praised the Wahhabi movement in Arabia.[7] One of the contributors was Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi, a scholar from Aleppo, Syria.[8] His book, Umm al-Qura, was serialized in Al-Manār from April 1902 to February 1903 which proposed the establishment of an Arab Caliphate.[9] The magazine also featured articles on politics[6] and covered the coronation of King Hussein as the ruler of Hejaz in October 1916.[10]

In addition to championing the beliefs of the Arabian Muwahhidun movement, Al-Manar also popularised the treatises of major Salafi theologians of Yemen. These included Nayl al-Autar & Irshad al-Fuhul by Al-Shawkani and Subul al-Salam by Ibn al-Amir Al-San’ani. Outlining the religious orientation of his magazine, Rashid Rida wrote:

“since its inception, al-Manar has been preaching the pure oneness [of God] and the views of the early pious generation (madhhab al-salaf) in matters [related to] the dogmas and guidance of Islam. As for matters relating to governance and power, it [i.e., al-Manar, has been advocating] the arts of the age and the laws of nature (funun al-asr wa sunan al-khalq)"[11]

Al-Manār was one of the earliest Arab publications which called attention to the Zionist threat against Palestine.[12] The magazine claimed in 1898 that the Zionists were attempting to occupy Palestine.[12] It repeated the same fears in 1902.[12]

Following the death of Rashid Rida in 1935, Al-Manār was irregularly published until 1940.[8] In October 1939 it was temporarily banned by the Egyptian government.[13] Two issues were published by the heirs of Rida, and from 1939 to 1940 the Association of Muslim Brotherhood was the publisher of Al-Manār.[8]

 
Employees of the Al-Manar Printing Press, Cairo

Legacy edit

Al-Manar advocated for a fundamentalist revival of the methodology and doctrine of the Salaf al-Salih based on the writings of classical Hanbali theologian Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah (728 A.H/1263 C.E); communicating these ideas in such a way that mobilised the Muslim masses both culturally and politically.[14] The intellectual heritage of Al-Manār is one of the basic tenets adopted by the popular movements in Arab World, including the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and the Association of Algerian ‘Ulama’ in Algeria.[8] Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hasan Al Banna, praised Al-Manar as one of "the greatest influences in the service of Islam for this age in Egypt and in other areas."[15]

Al-Manār inspired various journals, including Shura, a Turkic language magazine published in Orenburg from 1908 to 1918.[16][17]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Joseph A. Kéchichian (14 November 2013). "The Islamic reformer: Mohammad Rashid Reda". Gulf News. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen (1997). Defining Islam for the Egyptian State: Muftis and Fatwas of the Dār Al-Iftā. Leiden: BRILL. p. 69. ISBN 90-04-10947-1.
  3. ^ Fakhry, Majid (2006). A History of Islamic Philosophy: Third Edition. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 358. ISBN 0-231-13220-4.
  4. ^ a b Eliezer Tauber (1990). "The Press and the Journalist as a Vehicle in Spreading National Ideas in Syria in the Late Ottoman Period". Die Welt des Islams. 30 (1/4): 166. doi:10.2307/1571051.
  5. ^ "Muhammad Rashid Rida". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  6. ^ a b c "Muhammad Rashid Rida". Encyclopedia of the Middle East.
  7. ^ Ghassan Salamé (Summer 1987). "Islam and politics in Saudi Arabia". Arab Studies Quarterly. 9 (3): 309. JSTOR 41857933.
  8. ^ a b c d Kosugi Yasushi (2006). "Al-Manar revisited: the "lighthouse" of the Islamic revival". In Stéphane A. Dudoignon; Komatsu Hisao; Kosugi Yasushi (eds.). (PDF). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 3–39. ISBN 9780415549790. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2021.
  9. ^ Joshua Teitelbaum (1998). "Sharif Husayn ibn Ali and the Hashemite vision of the post‐Ottoman order: From chieftaincy to suzerainty". Middle Eastern Studies. 34 (1): 104. doi:10.1080/00263209808701212.
  10. ^ Elie Podeh (April 2010). "The bay'a: Modern Political Uses of Islamic Ritual in the Arab World". Die Welt des Islams. 50 (1): 129. doi:10.1163/157006010X487155.
  11. ^ Samir M. Seikaly (2009). "Appropriating the Past: Twentieth-century Reconstruction of Pre-Modern Islamic Thought". Configuring Identity in the Modern Arab East. Beirut: American University of Beirut Press. p. 11. ISBN 9953-9019-6-1.
  12. ^ a b c Harold M. Cubord (1995). The PFLP's changing role in the Middle East (PhD thesis). University of St Andrews. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-369-21057-6. ProQuest 1826791595.
  13. ^ Christine Sixta Rinehart (2009). "Volatile Breeding Grounds: The Radicalization of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood". Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 32 (11): 961. doi:10.1080/10576100903262773.
  14. ^ Fakhry, Majid (2006). A History of Islamic Philosophy: Third Edition. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 358–359. ISBN 0-231-13220-4.
  15. ^ Richard P. Mitchell (1968). "Conclusion". The Society of the Muslim Brothers. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 322. ISBN 0-19-508437-3.
  16. ^ Roy Bar Sadeh (Summer 2020). "Between Cairo and the Volga-Urals: Al-Manar and Islamic Modernism, 1905-17". Kritika. 21 (3). doi:10.1353/kri.2020.0036.
  17. ^ Stéphane A. Dudoignon (2006). "Echoes to Al-Manār among the Muslims of the Russian Empire". In Stéphane A. Dudoignon; Komatsu Hisao; Kosugi Yasushi (eds.). (PDF). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 85–116. ISBN 9780415549790. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 April 2021.

External links edit

  • Al-Manār issues, in the Internet Archive
  •   Media related to Al-Manār (magazine) at Wikimedia Commons

February 23, 2024
manār, magazine, manār, arabic, المنار, lighthouse, islamic, magazine, written, arabic, founded, published, edited, rashid, rida, from, 1898, until, death, 1935, cairo, egypt, magazine, championed, superiority, islamic, religious, system, over, other, ideologi. Al Manar Arabic المنار The Lighthouse was an Islamic magazine written in Arabic and was founded published and edited by Rashid Rida from 1898 until his death in 1935 in Cairo Egypt 1 2 The magazine championed the superiority of Islamic religious system over other ideologies and was noteworthy for its campaigns for the restoration of a pan Islamic Caliphate 3 Al ManarCover of the second issue of Al Manar magazine 1899Editor in chiefRashid RidaCategoriesIslamic magazinePolitical magazineFrequencyWeeklyMonthlyFounderRashid RidaSalih RidaFounded1898Final issue1940CountryEgyptBased inCairoLanguageArabic Contents 1 History and profile 2 Legacy 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory and profile editAl Manar was founded by Rashid Rida in 1898 2 and his brother Salih Rida was also instrumental in the establishment of the magazine 4 They were both members of the Decentralization Party 4 Their goal in establishing the magazine was to articulate and disseminate reformist ideas and preserve the unity of the Muslim nations 5 The magazine was based in Cairo 1 6 It was started as a weekly but later its frequency was switched to monthly 1 Rashid Rida was the sole editor in chief of the magazine 2 Its content was heavily about Quranic interpretations 6 Rida published numerous articles in Al Manar which praised the Wahhabi movement in Arabia 7 One of the contributors was Abd al Rahman al Kawakibi a scholar from Aleppo Syria 8 His book Umm al Qura was serialized in Al Manar from April 1902 to February 1903 which proposed the establishment of an Arab Caliphate 9 The magazine also featured articles on politics 6 and covered the coronation of King Hussein as the ruler of Hejaz in October 1916 10 In addition to championing the beliefs of the Arabian Muwahhidun movement Al Manar also popularised the treatises of major Salafi theologians of Yemen These included Nayl al Autar amp Irshad al Fuhul by Al Shawkani and Subul al Salam by Ibn al Amir Al San ani Outlining the religious orientation of his magazine Rashid Rida wrote since its inception al Manar has been preaching the pure oneness of God and the views of the early pious generation madhhab al salaf in matters related to the dogmas and guidance of Islam As for matters relating to governance and power it i e al Manar has been advocating the arts of the age and the laws of nature funun al asr wa sunan al khalq 11 Al Manar was one of the earliest Arab publications which called attention to the Zionist threat against Palestine 12 The magazine claimed in 1898 that the Zionists were attempting to occupy Palestine 12 It repeated the same fears in 1902 12 Following the death of Rashid Rida in 1935 Al Manar was irregularly published until 1940 8 In October 1939 it was temporarily banned by the Egyptian government 13 Two issues were published by the heirs of Rida and from 1939 to 1940 the Association of Muslim Brotherhood was the publisher of Al Manar 8 nbsp Employees of the Al Manar Printing Press CairoLegacy editAl Manar advocated for a fundamentalist revival of the methodology and doctrine of the Salaf al Salih based on the writings of classical Hanbali theologian Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah 728 A H 1263 C E communicating these ideas in such a way that mobilised the Muslim masses both culturally and politically 14 The intellectual heritage of Al Manar is one of the basic tenets adopted by the popular movements in Arab World including the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and the Association of Algerian Ulama in Algeria 8 Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood Hasan Al Banna praised Al Manar as one of the greatest influences in the service of Islam for this age in Egypt and in other areas 15 Al Manar inspired various journals including Shura a Turkic language magazine published in Orenburg from 1908 to 1918 16 17 See also editList of theological journals The Caliphate or the Supreme Imamate book References edit a b c Joseph A Kechichian 14 November 2013 The Islamic reformer Mohammad Rashid Reda Gulf News Retrieved 24 July 2015 a b c Jakob Skovgaard Petersen 1997 Defining Islam for the Egyptian State Muftis and Fatwas of the Dar Al Ifta Leiden BRILL p 69 ISBN 90 04 10947 1 Fakhry Majid 2006 A History of Islamic Philosophy Third Edition New York Columbia University Press p 358 ISBN 0 231 13220 4 a b Eliezer Tauber 1990 The Press and the Journalist as a Vehicle in Spreading National Ideas in Syria in the Late Ottoman Period Die Welt des Islams 30 1 4 166 doi 10 2307 1571051 Muhammad Rashid Rida Oxford Reference Retrieved 24 July 2015 a b c Muhammad Rashid Rida Encyclopedia of the Middle East Ghassan Salame Summer 1987 Islam and politics in Saudi Arabia Arab Studies Quarterly 9 3 309 JSTOR 41857933 a b c d Kosugi Yasushi 2006 Al Manar revisited the lighthouse of the Islamic revival In Stephane A Dudoignon Komatsu Hisao Kosugi Yasushi eds Intellectuals in the Modern Islamic World Transmission Transformation and Communication PDF London and New York Routledge pp 3 39 ISBN 9780415549790 Archived from the original PDF on 18 April 2021 Joshua Teitelbaum 1998 Sharif Husayn ibn Ali and the Hashemite vision of the post Ottoman order From chieftaincy to suzerainty Middle Eastern Studies 34 1 104 doi 10 1080 00263209808701212 Elie Podeh April 2010 The bay a Modern Political Uses of Islamic Ritual in the Arab World Die Welt des Islams 50 1 129 doi 10 1163 157006010X487155 Samir M Seikaly 2009 Appropriating the Past Twentieth century Reconstruction of Pre Modern Islamic Thought Configuring Identity in the Modern Arab East Beirut American University of Beirut Press p 11 ISBN 9953 9019 6 1 a b c Harold M Cubord 1995 The PFLP s changing role in the Middle East PhD thesis University of St Andrews p 72 ISBN 978 1 369 21057 6 ProQuest 1826791595 Christine Sixta Rinehart 2009 Volatile Breeding Grounds The Radicalization of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Studies in Conflict amp Terrorism 32 11 961 doi 10 1080 10576100903262773 Fakhry Majid 2006 A History of Islamic Philosophy Third Edition New York Columbia University Press pp 358 359 ISBN 0 231 13220 4 Richard P Mitchell 1968 Conclusion The Society of the Muslim Brothers New York Oxford University Press p 322 ISBN 0 19 508437 3 Roy Bar Sadeh Summer 2020 Between Cairo and the Volga Urals Al Manar and Islamic Modernism 1905 17 Kritika 21 3 doi 10 1353 kri 2020 0036 Stephane A Dudoignon 2006 Echoes to Al Manar among the Muslims of the Russian Empire In Stephane A Dudoignon Komatsu Hisao Kosugi Yasushi eds Intellectuals in the Modern Islamic World Transmission Transformation and Communication PDF London and New York Routledge pp 85 116 ISBN 9780415549790 Archived from the original PDF on 18 April 2021 External links editAl Manar issues in the Internet Archive nbsp Media related to Al Manar magazine at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Al Manar magazine amp oldid 1183009715, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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