Tirtayasa (1631–1695), complete stylized name Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, also known as Ageng and Abulfatah Agung,[1] was the sixth sultan of Banten (on Java in modern Indonesia) and reigned during the kingdom's golden age.
Ageng built a strong fleet on European models, which did considerable trade within the Indonesian archipelago, and, with help from the English, Danes, and Chinese, were able to trade with Persia, India, Siam, Vietnam, China, the Philippines, and Japan in the Javanese tradition of long-distance traders. This trade gave considerable wealth to Banten, the greatest period for which was arguably under Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. In 1661 Ageng extended Banten rule to Landak in western Borneo. In the 1670s he also acquired Cirebon area following civil war in Mataram. Ageng established trade with Spanish Manila for silver and built canal for coconut palm and sugar plantations, among other developments.[2]
Principal activities
Conflict with the Dutch
Ageng was a strong opponent of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and inevitably came into conflict with their headquarters at Batavia (modern Jakarta), 75 km to the east. In this sentiment Ageng also came into conflict with his son, the crown prince and later sultan, Haji of Banten (or Abu Nasr). Haji held considerable power in Banten, and was in favor of gaining support from the VOC. The court split into two factions, one supporting the father which was supported by the more militant Muslim elite; and the other faction supported the son.
In 1656, the fragile 1645 treaty between the Dutch and Banten broke, and war erupted. The Bantenese raided Batavian districts and VOC ships, and the VOC blockaded the Bantenese port. A peace settlement was reached in 1659, but the VOC sought a stronger settlement, and was able to take advantage of the internal division in Bantenese politics to achieve it.
Internal conflict
Ageng withdrew to a residence outside Banten proper sometime before 1671, in order to forestall a palace coup he anticipated from his son. He supported Trunajaya's rebellion in the Mataram Sultanate, and was highly critical of Amangkurat II and his relationship with the VOC. He was able to gain control of Cirebon and the Priangan highlands when Mataram fell into disarray, thus surrounding Batavia with his troops.
Defeat
However, he did not declare war on the Dutch until 1680, on the pretext of some mistreatment of Bantenese merchants on the part of the VOC. The Dutch were now stronger after their victory at Kediri over the Mataram rebels. In May 1680, though, before hostilities began, Haji led a coup and confined Ageng to his residence. His supporters gained the upper hand in 1682, but when a VOC force came to support the compromises of Haji, they drove Ageng from his residence into the highlands, where he surrendered in March 1683. He was kept in Banten for a while, and later moved to Batavia, where he died in 1695.
Letters to Danish Kings
In order to extend the trade relations, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa sent some official letters to King Frederick III of Denmark and to King Christian V of Denmark. Dated on January 7, 1675, both the sultan and the Shahbandar of Banten (Western Java) wrote a letter to Frederick III. The sultan asked for cannon and powder and mentioned that 176 bahara (a weight) of pepper, for which there had been no room in the Danish ship Færö, were being kept in store.
Another letter to Christian V is dated February 15, 1675. The sultan again mentions the 176 baharas of pepper which had been deposited by Captain Adeler with the Banten nobleman, Duke Angabèhi Cakradana of Bantam. Due to massive Dutch traders approaching Java, the Dutch conquered Bantam. Hence, the Danish no longer had permission to trade in Sunda Kelapa.[3]
References
M.C. Ricklefs. A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300, 2nd ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994, pp. 78–79.
Citations
^"Abulfatah Agung". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
^Ring, Trudy (1996). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. Braun-Brunfield. pp. 101–104. ISBN1-884964-04-4.
^ Gallop, Annabel (November 2003). "Seventeenth-century Indonesian letters in the public record office". Indonesia and the Malay World. 31 (91): 412–439. doi:10.1080/1363981042000188673. S2CID 162010030.
ageng, tirtayasa, banten, tirtayasa, 1631, 1695, complete, stylized, name, sultan, ageng, tirtayasa, also, known, ageng, abulfatah, agung, sixth, sultan, banten, java, modern, indonesia, reigned, during, kingdom, golden, sultan, ageng, tirtayasa, fath, abdulfa. Tirtayasa 1631 1695 complete stylized name Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa also known as Ageng and Abulfatah Agung 1 was the sixth sultan of Banten on Java in modern Indonesia and reigned during the kingdom s golden age Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Abu al Fath Abdulfattah 6th Sultan of BantenReign1651 1683PredecessorAbu al Ma ali Ahmad of BantenSuccessorHaji of BantenBorn1631Banten SultanateDied1692 aged 60 61 BataviaBurialOld Banten SerangIssueHaji of BantenHouseAzmatkhanFatherAbu al Ma ali Ahmad of BantenReligionSunni Islam Contents 1 Overview 2 Principal activities 2 1 Conflict with the Dutch 2 2 Internal conflict 2 3 Defeat 3 Letters to Danish Kings 4 References 5 CitationsOverview EditAgeng built a strong fleet on European models which did considerable trade within the Indonesian archipelago and with help from the English Danes and Chinese were able to trade with Persia India Siam Vietnam China the Philippines and Japan in the Javanese tradition of long distance traders This trade gave considerable wealth to Banten the greatest period for which was arguably under Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa In 1661 Ageng extended Banten rule to Landak in western Borneo In the 1670s he also acquired Cirebon area following civil war in Mataram Ageng established trade with Spanish Manila for silver and built canal for coconut palm and sugar plantations among other developments 2 Principal activities EditConflict with the Dutch Edit Ageng was a strong opponent of the Dutch East India Company VOC and inevitably came into conflict with their headquarters at Batavia modern Jakarta 75 km to the east In this sentiment Ageng also came into conflict with his son the crown prince and later sultan Haji of Banten or Abu Nasr Haji held considerable power in Banten and was in favor of gaining support from the VOC The court split into two factions one supporting the father which was supported by the more militant Muslim elite and the other faction supported the son In 1656 the fragile 1645 treaty between the Dutch and Banten broke and war erupted The Bantenese raided Batavian districts and VOC ships and the VOC blockaded the Bantenese port A peace settlement was reached in 1659 but the VOC sought a stronger settlement and was able to take advantage of the internal division in Bantenese politics to achieve it Internal conflict Edit Ageng withdrew to a residence outside Banten proper sometime before 1671 in order to forestall a palace coup he anticipated from his son He supported Trunajaya s rebellion in the Mataram Sultanate and was highly critical of Amangkurat II and his relationship with the VOC He was able to gain control of Cirebon and the Priangan highlands when Mataram fell into disarray thus surrounding Batavia with his troops Defeat Edit However he did not declare war on the Dutch until 1680 on the pretext of some mistreatment of Bantenese merchants on the part of the VOC The Dutch were now stronger after their victory at Kediri over the Mataram rebels In May 1680 though before hostilities began Haji led a coup and confined Ageng to his residence His supporters gained the upper hand in 1682 but when a VOC force came to support the compromises of Haji they drove Ageng from his residence into the highlands where he surrendered in March 1683 He was kept in Banten for a while and later moved to Batavia where he died in 1695 Letters to Danish Kings EditIn order to extend the trade relations Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa sent some official letters to King Frederick III of Denmark and to King Christian V of Denmark Dated on January 7 1675 both the sultan and the Shahbandar of Banten Western Java wrote a letter to Frederick III The sultan asked for cannon and powder and mentioned that 176 bahara a weight of pepper for which there had been no room in the Danish ship Faero were being kept in store Another letter to Christian V is dated February 15 1675 The sultan again mentions the 176 baharas of pepper which had been deposited by Captain Adeler with the Banten nobleman Duke Angabehi Cakradana of Bantam Due to massive Dutch traders approaching Java the Dutch conquered Bantam Hence the Danish no longer had permission to trade in Sunda Kelapa 3 References EditM C Ricklefs A History of Modern Indonesia Since c 1300 2nd ed Stanford Stanford University Press 1994 pp 78 79 Citations Edit Abulfatah Agung Encyclopaedia Britannica 2009 Retrieved May 2 2009 Ring Trudy 1996 International Dictionary of Historic Places Asia and Oceania Braun Brunfield pp 101 104 ISBN 1 884964 04 4 Gallop Annabel November 2003 Seventeenth century Indonesian letters in the public record office Indonesia and the Malay World 31 91 412 439 doi 10 1080 1363981042000188673 S2CID 162010030 Preceded byRatu Sultan of Banten1651 1683 Succeeded byAbu Nasr Abdul Kahhar Haji Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ageng Tirtayasa of Banten amp oldid 1128835841, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
