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AP Statistics

January 01, 1970

Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics (also known as AP Stats) is a college-level high school statistics course offered in the United States through the College Board's Advanced Placement program. This course is equivalent to a one semester, non-calculus-based introductory college statistics course and is normally offered to sophomores, juniors and seniors in high school.

One of the College Board's more recent additions,[1] the AP Statistics exam was first administered in May 1996 to supplement the AP program's math offerings, which had previously consisted of only AP Calculus AB and BC.[2] In the United States, enrollment in AP Statistics classes has increased at a higher rate than in any other AP class.[3]

Students may receive college credit or upper-level college course placement upon passing the three-hour exam ordinarily administered in May. The exam consists of a multiple-choice section and a free-response section that are both 90 minutes long. Each section is weighted equally in determining the students' composite scores.

History edit

The Advanced Placement program has offered students the opportunity to pursue college-level courses while in high school. Along with the Educational Testing Service, the College Board administered the first AP Statistics exam in May 1997.[2] The course was first taught to students in the 1996-1997 academic year.[4] Prior to that, the only mathematics courses offered in the AP program included AP Calculus AB and BC. Students who didn't have a strong background in college-level math, however, found the AP Calculus program inaccessible and sometimes declined to take a math course in their senior year. Since the number of students required to take statistics in college is almost as large as the number of students required to take calculus, the College Board decided to add an introductory statistics course to the AP program. Since the prerequisites for such a program doesn't require mathematical concepts beyond those typically taught in a second-year algebra course, the AP program's math offerings became accessible to a much wider audience of high school students. The AP Statistics program addressed a practical need as well since the number of students enrolling in majors that use statistics has grown.[2] A total of 7,667 students took the exam during the first administration, the highest number of students to take an AP exam in its first year.[5] Since then, the number of students taking the exam rapidly grew to 98,033 in 2007, making it one of the 10 most popular AP exams.

Course edit

If the course is provided by their school, students normally take AP Statistics in their junior or senior year and may decide to take it concurrently with a pre-calculus course.[1] This offering is intended to imitate a one-semester, non-calculus based college statistics course, but high schools can decide to offer the course over one semester, two trimesters, or a full academic year.[2]

The six-member AP Statistics Test Development Committee is responsible for developing the curriculum. Appointed by the College Board, the committee consists of three college statistics teachers and three high school statistics teachers who are typically asked to serve for terms of three years.[6][7]

Curriculum edit

Emphasis is placed not on actual arithmetic computation, but rather on conceptual understanding and interpretation.[8] The course curriculum is organized around four basic themes; the first involves exploring data[2] and covers 20–30% of the exam. Students are expected to use graphical and numerical techniques to analyze distributions of data, including univariate, bivariate, and categorical data.[9] The second theme involves planning and conducting a study and covers 10–15% of the exam. Students must be aware of the various methods of data collection through sampling or experimentation and the sorts of conclusions that can be drawn from the results.[10] The third theme involves probability and its role in anticipating patterns in distributions of data. This theme covers 20–30% of the exam.[11] The fourth theme, which covers 30–40% of the exam, involves statistical inference using point estimation, confidence intervals, and significance tests.[12]

Exam edit

See also: Advanced Placement Exams

Along with the course curriculum, the exam is developed by the AP Statistics Test Development Committee as well. With the help of other college professors, the committee creates a large pool of possible questions that is pre-tested with college students taking statistics courses. The test is then refined to an appropriate level of difficulty and clarity.[7] Afterwards, the Educational Testing Service is responsible for printing and administering the exam.[6]

Structure edit

 
Students are expected to be able to interpret graphs, such as this histogram, and analyze its characteristics, including center, spread, shape, outliers, clusters, and gaps.[9]

The exam is offered every year in May.[13] Students are not expected to memorize any formulas; rather, a list of common statistical formulas related to descriptive statistics, probability, and inferential statistics is provided. Moreover, tables for the normal, Student's t and chi-squared distributions are given as well.[2] Students are also expected to use graphing calculators with statistical capabilities.[14] The exam is three hours long with ninety minutes allotted to complete each of its two sections: multiple-choice and free-response.[15] The multiple-choice portion of the exam consists of forty questions with five possible answers each.[16] The free-response section contains six open-ended questions that are often long and divided into multiple parts.[16] The first five of these questions may require twelve minutes each to answer and normally relate to one topic or category. The sixth question consists of a broad-ranging investigative task and may require approximately twenty-five minutes to answer.[14]

Grading edit

The multiple-choice section is scored immediately after the exam by computer.[13] One point is awarded for each correct answer, no points are credited or deducted for unanswered questions, and points are no longer deducted for having an incorrect answer.[17]

Students' answers to the free-response section are reviewed in early June by readers that include high school and college statistics teachers gathered in a designated location.[13][18] The readers use a pre-made rubric to assess the answers and normally grade only one question in a given exam. Each question is graded on a scale from 0 to 4, with a 4 representing the most complete response. Communication and clarity in the answers receive a lot of emphasis in the grading.[13]

Both sections are weighted equally when the composite score is calculated.[16] The composite score is reported on a scale from 1 to 5, with a score of 5 being the highest possible.[18]

Grade distributions edit

Score 2001[19] 2002[20] 2003[21] 2004[22] 2005[23] 2006[24] 2007[25] 2008[26] 2009[27] 2010[28] 2011[29] 2012[30] 2013[30] 2014[31] 2015[32] 2016[33] 2017[34] 2018[35] 2019[36] 2020[37] 2021[38] 2022[39] 2023[40]
5 11.5% 11.2% 13.2% 12.6% 12.6% 12.6% 11.9% 12.9% 12.3% 12.8% 12.4% 12.6% 12.2% 14.3% 13.2% 13.9% 13.3% 14.6% 14.5% 16.2% 16.0% 14.3% 15.1%
4 23.4% 21.8% 22.3% 22.4% 22.8% 22.2% 21.5% 22.7% 22.3% 22.4% 21.4% 20.2% 20.9% 20.9% 18.9% 21.7% 15.5% 21.2% 18.0% 20.7% 20.0% 22.1% 22.2%
3 24.9% 23.9% 26.4% 24.8% 25.3% 25.3% 25.4% 23.7% 24.2% 23.5% 25.0% 25.0% 25.7% 24.5% 25.2% 24.7% 25.0% 24.9% 26.7% 23.1% 22.0% 23.5% 22.7%
2 19.1% 19.2% 19.5% 19.8% 19.2% 18.3% 17.1% 18.8% 19.1% 18.2% 17.6% 18.8% 18.1% 17.8% 18.9% 15.7% 20.4% 15.9% 19.7% 21.7% 17.0% 16.7% 16.2%
1 21.1% 23.9% 18.6% 18.1% 20.1% 21.6% 24.1% 21.8% 22.2% 23.1% 23.5% 23.4% 23.1% 22.6% 23.8% 24.0% 25.8% 23.4% 21.1% 18.3% 25.0% 23.4% 23.8%
% of Scores 3 or higher 59.8% 56.9% 61.9% 59.8% 60.7% 60.1% 58.8% 59.3% 58.8% 58.7% 58.5% 57.8% 58.8% 59.7% 57.3% 60.3% 53.8% 60.6% 59.2% 60.0% 58.0% 59.9% 60.0%
Mean 2.85 2.77 2.92 2.85 2.89 2.86 2.80 2.86 2.84 2.84 2.80 2.80 2.81 2.87 2.79 2.86 2.70 2.87 2.85 2.95 2.85 2.87 2.89
Standard deviation 1.31 1.33 1.30 1.28 1.31 1.32 1.34 1.34 1.33 1.35 1.34 1.34 1.33 1.36 1.35 1.37 1.35 1.36 1.33 1.34 1.41 1.37 1.39
Number of students 41,034 49,824 58,230 65,878 76,786 88,237 98,033 108,284 116,876 129,899 142,910 152,750 169,508 184,173 195,526 206,563 215,840 222,501 219,392 187,741 183,181 216,968 242,929

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Mulekar (2004), p. 4
  2. ^ a b c d e f Piccolino, Anthony V. (May 1996). "The Advanced Placement course in statistics: Increasing students' options". The Mathematics Teacher. 89 (5): 376–377. doi:10.5951/MT.89.5.0376.
  3. ^ Boslaugh, Sarah; Paul Andrew Watters (2008). Statistics: A Desktop Quick Reference. O'Reilly. ISBN 978-0-596-51049-7. Retrieved 2009-07-30.
  4. ^ Garfield, Joan B.; Dani Ben-Zvi (2008). Developing Students' Statistical Reasoning: Connecting Research and Teaching Practice. Springer. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-4020-8382-2. Retrieved August 11, 2009.
  5. ^ Hinders (2007), p.3
  6. ^ a b Mulekar (2004), p. 3
  7. ^ a b Hinders (2007), p. 4
  8. ^ Mulekar (2004), p. 5
  9. ^ a b Koehler (2008), pp. 7–9
  10. ^ Koehler (2008), pp. 8–9
  11. ^ Koehler (2008), pp. 8, 10
  12. ^ Koehler (2008), pp. 8, 11
  13. ^ a b c d Mulekar (2004), p. 8
  14. ^ a b Simmons (2009), p. 6
  15. ^ Berger (1997), p. 4
  16. ^ a b c Simmons (2009), p. 5
  17. ^ Berger (1997), p. 5
  18. ^ a b Simmons (2009), p. 7
  19. ^ (PDF). College Board. College Board. 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-18. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  20. ^ "2002: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  21. ^ "2003: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  22. ^ "2004: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  23. ^ "2005: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  24. ^ "2006: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  25. ^ "2007: Statistics Grade Distributions". AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  26. ^ "AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions: AP Examinations - May 2008" (PDF). AP Central. College Board. 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  27. ^ "AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions: AP Examinations - May 2009" (PDF). AP Central. College Board. 2009. Retrieved October 13, 2009.
  28. ^ "AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions: AP Examinations - May 2010" (PDF). AP Central. College Board. 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
  29. ^ "2011 AP Score Distributions" (PDF). College Board. 2011. (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-10. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  30. ^ a b "2013 AP Exam Score Distribution". Total Registration. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  31. ^ "2014 Student Score Distributions" (PDF). The College Board. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
  32. ^ "STUDENT SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS" (PDF). College Board.
  33. ^ "2016 Student Score Distributions". Total Registration. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  34. ^ "2017 AP Exam Score Distributions".
  35. ^ . College Board. 2018. Archived from the original on June 10, 2021. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  36. ^ (PDF). College Board. 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 1, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  37. ^ "STUDENT SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS" (PDF). Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  38. ^ Total Registration (2021-07-27). "2021 AP Exam Score Distributions". www.totalregistration.net. from the original on 2021-07-08. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  39. ^ Total Registration (2022-06-28). "2023 AP Exam Score Distributions". www.totalregistration.net. Retrieved 2022-06-28.
  40. ^ Total Registration (2023-06-27). "2023 AP Exam Score Distributions". www.totalregistration.net. Retrieved 2023-06-27.

References edit

  • Berger, Jack J.; The Staff of Research and Education Association (1997). AP Statistics: The Best Test Preparation for the Advanced Placement Exam. Research & Education Association. ISBN 0-87891-082-4. Retrieved July 30, 2009.
  • Hinders, Duane C. (2007). 5 Steps to a 5 AP Statistics, 2008–2009 Edition. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0-07-148856-3. Retrieved July 30, 2009.
  • Koehler, Kenneth; Fritz, Kathy; Hewit, Dorinda; Olsen, Chris; Short, Thomas; Tabor, Josh; Taylor, Robert; Franklin, Christine; Chilcoat, Richard; Haberstroh, Jeff; Saldivia, Luis (May 2009). "Statistics: Course Description" (PDF). AP Central. College Board. Retrieved August 3, 2009.
  • Mulekar, Madhuri S.; Princeton Review (2004). Cracking the AP Statistics Exam: 2004–2005. The Princeton Review. ISBN 0-375-76390-2. Retrieved July 31, 2009.
  • Simmons, Bruce; Bland, Mary Jean; Wojciechowski, Barbara (2009). Kaplan AP Statistics 2009. Kaplan Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4195-5246-5. Retrieved July 30, 2009.

Further reading edit

Textbooks edit

  • Yates, Daniel S.; Moore, David S.; McCabe, George P. (1998). The practice of statistics: TI-83 graphing calculator enhanced. Macmillan. ISBN 0-7167-3370-6. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  • Bock, David E.; Paul F. Velleman; Richard D. De Veaux (2010). (3rd ed.). Savvas/Addison-Wesley/Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-135958-1. Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2010-02-18.
  • Peck, Roxy; Chris Olsen; Jay L. Devore (2008). Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-495-55783-8. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  • Watkins, Ann E.; Richard L. Scheaffer; George W. Cobb (2004). Statistics in Action: Understanding a World of Data. Key Curriculum Press. ISBN 1-55953-313-7.
  • Diez, David M.; Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel; Leah Dorazio; Christopher D. Barr (2019). Advanced High School Statistics. OpenIntro, Inc. ISBN 978-1943450091.

Teaching guides edit

  • Cobb, George (1992). In Steen, Lynn Arthur (ed.). Teaching Statistics: More Data, Less Lecturing. Washington, D.C.: Mathematical Association of America.
  • Gordon, Florence and Sheldon, ed. (1992). "Statistics for the Twenty-First Century". MAA Notes. 26. Washington, D.C.: Mathematical Association of America.
  • Moore, Thomas, ed. (2000). "Teaching Statistics: Resources for Undergraduate Instructors". MAA Notes. 52. Washington, D.C.: Mathematical Association of America.
  • National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2003). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (3 ed.). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

External links edit

  • Advanced Placement website
  • AP Statistics information

January 01, 1970
statistics, advanced, placement, statistics, also, known, stats, college, level, high, school, statistics, course, offered, united, states, through, college, board, advanced, placement, program, this, course, equivalent, semester, calculus, based, introductory. Advanced Placement AP Statistics also known as AP Stats is a college level high school statistics course offered in the United States through the College Board s Advanced Placement program This course is equivalent to a one semester non calculus based introductory college statistics course and is normally offered to sophomores juniors and seniors in high school One of the College Board s more recent additions 1 the AP Statistics exam was first administered in May 1996 to supplement the AP program s math offerings which had previously consisted of only AP Calculus AB and BC 2 In the United States enrollment in AP Statistics classes has increased at a higher rate than in any other AP class 3 Students may receive college credit or upper level college course placement upon passing the three hour exam ordinarily administered in May The exam consists of a multiple choice section and a free response section that are both 90 minutes long Each section is weighted equally in determining the students composite scores Contents 1 History 2 Course 2 1 Curriculum 3 Exam 3 1 Structure 3 2 Grading 3 3 Grade distributions 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 Further reading 7 1 Textbooks 7 2 Teaching guides 8 External linksHistory editThe Advanced Placement program has offered students the opportunity to pursue college level courses while in high school Along with the Educational Testing Service the College Board administered the first AP Statistics exam in May 1997 2 The course was first taught to students in the 1996 1997 academic year 4 Prior to that the only mathematics courses offered in the AP program included AP Calculus AB and BC Students who didn t have a strong background in college level math however found the AP Calculus program inaccessible and sometimes declined to take a math course in their senior year Since the number of students required to take statistics in college is almost as large as the number of students required to take calculus the College Board decided to add an introductory statistics course to the AP program Since the prerequisites for such a program doesn t require mathematical concepts beyond those typically taught in a second year algebra course the AP program s math offerings became accessible to a much wider audience of high school students The AP Statistics program addressed a practical need as well since the number of students enrolling in majors that use statistics has grown 2 A total of 7 667 students took the exam during the first administration the highest number of students to take an AP exam in its first year 5 Since then the number of students taking the exam rapidly grew to 98 033 in 2007 making it one of the 10 most popular AP exams Course editIf the course is provided by their school students normally take AP Statistics in their junior or senior year and may decide to take it concurrently with a pre calculus course 1 This offering is intended to imitate a one semester non calculus based college statistics course but high schools can decide to offer the course over one semester two trimesters or a full academic year 2 The six member AP Statistics Test Development Committee is responsible for developing the curriculum Appointed by the College Board the committee consists of three college statistics teachers and three high school statistics teachers who are typically asked to serve for terms of three years 6 7 Curriculum edit Emphasis is placed not on actual arithmetic computation but rather on conceptual understanding and interpretation 8 The course curriculum is organized around four basic themes the first involves exploring data 2 and covers 20 30 of the exam Students are expected to use graphical and numerical techniques to analyze distributions of data including univariate bivariate and categorical data 9 The second theme involves planning and conducting a study and covers 10 15 of the exam Students must be aware of the various methods of data collection through sampling or experimentation and the sorts of conclusions that can be drawn from the results 10 The third theme involves probability and its role in anticipating patterns in distributions of data This theme covers 20 30 of the exam 11 The fourth theme which covers 30 40 of the exam involves statistical inference using point estimation confidence intervals and significance tests 12 Exam editSee also Advanced Placement Exams Along with the course curriculum the exam is developed by the AP Statistics Test Development Committee as well With the help of other college professors the committee creates a large pool of possible questions that is pre tested with college students taking statistics courses The test is then refined to an appropriate level of difficulty and clarity 7 Afterwards the Educational Testing Service is responsible for printing and administering the exam 6 Structure edit nbsp Students are expected to be able to interpret graphs such as this histogram and analyze its characteristics including center spread shape outliers clusters and gaps 9 The exam is offered every year in May 13 Students are not expected to memorize any formulas rather a list of common statistical formulas related to descriptive statistics probability and inferential statistics is provided Moreover tables for the normal Student s t and chi squared distributions are given as well 2 Students are also expected to use graphing calculators with statistical capabilities 14 The exam is three hours long with ninety minutes allotted to complete each of its two sections multiple choice and free response 15 The multiple choice portion of the exam consists of forty questions with five possible answers each 16 The free response section contains six open ended questions that are often long and divided into multiple parts 16 The first five of these questions may require twelve minutes each to answer and normally relate to one topic or category The sixth question consists of a broad ranging investigative task and may require approximately twenty five minutes to answer 14 Grading edit The multiple choice section is scored immediately after the exam by computer 13 One point is awarded for each correct answer no points are credited or deducted for unanswered questions and points are no longer deducted for having an incorrect answer 17 Students answers to the free response section are reviewed in early June by readers that include high school and college statistics teachers gathered in a designated location 13 18 The readers use a pre made rubric to assess the answers and normally grade only one question in a given exam Each question is graded on a scale from 0 to 4 with a 4 representing the most complete response Communication and clarity in the answers receive a lot of emphasis in the grading 13 Both sections are weighted equally when the composite score is calculated 16 The composite score is reported on a scale from 1 to 5 with a score of 5 being the highest possible 18 Grade distributions edit Score 2001 19 2002 20 2003 21 2004 22 2005 23 2006 24 2007 25 2008 26 2009 27 2010 28 2011 29 2012 30 2013 30 2014 31 2015 32 2016 33 2017 34 2018 35 2019 36 2020 37 2021 38 2022 39 2023 40 5 11 5 11 2 13 2 12 6 12 6 12 6 11 9 12 9 12 3 12 8 12 4 12 6 12 2 14 3 13 2 13 9 13 3 14 6 14 5 16 2 16 0 14 3 15 1 4 23 4 21 8 22 3 22 4 22 8 22 2 21 5 22 7 22 3 22 4 21 4 20 2 20 9 20 9 18 9 21 7 15 5 21 2 18 0 20 7 20 0 22 1 22 2 3 24 9 23 9 26 4 24 8 25 3 25 3 25 4 23 7 24 2 23 5 25 0 25 0 25 7 24 5 25 2 24 7 25 0 24 9 26 7 23 1 22 0 23 5 22 7 2 19 1 19 2 19 5 19 8 19 2 18 3 17 1 18 8 19 1 18 2 17 6 18 8 18 1 17 8 18 9 15 7 20 4 15 9 19 7 21 7 17 0 16 7 16 2 1 21 1 23 9 18 6 18 1 20 1 21 6 24 1 21 8 22 2 23 1 23 5 23 4 23 1 22 6 23 8 24 0 25 8 23 4 21 1 18 3 25 0 23 4 23 8 of Scores 3 or higher 59 8 56 9 61 9 59 8 60 7 60 1 58 8 59 3 58 8 58 7 58 5 57 8 58 8 59 7 57 3 60 3 53 8 60 6 59 2 60 0 58 0 59 9 60 0 Mean 2 85 2 77 2 92 2 85 2 89 2 86 2 80 2 86 2 84 2 84 2 80 2 80 2 81 2 87 2 79 2 86 2 70 2 87 2 85 2 95 2 85 2 87 2 89 Standard deviation 1 31 1 33 1 30 1 28 1 31 1 32 1 34 1 34 1 33 1 35 1 34 1 34 1 33 1 36 1 35 1 37 1 35 1 36 1 33 1 34 1 41 1 37 1 39 Number of students 41 034 49 824 58 230 65 878 76 786 88 237 98 033 108 284 116 876 129 899 142 910 152 750 169 508 184 173 195 526 206 563 215 840 222 501 219 392 187 741 183 181 216 968 242 929See also editStatistics Glossary of probability and statistics Statistics educationNotes edit a b Mulekar 2004 p 4 a b c d e f Piccolino Anthony V May 1996 The Advanced Placement course in statistics Increasing students options The Mathematics Teacher 89 5 376 377 doi 10 5951 MT 89 5 0376 Boslaugh Sarah Paul Andrew Watters 2008 Statistics A Desktop Quick Reference O Reilly ISBN 978 0 596 51049 7 Retrieved 2009 07 30 Garfield Joan B Dani Ben Zvi 2008 Developing Students Statistical Reasoning Connecting Research and Teaching Practice Springer p 8 ISBN 978 1 4020 8382 2 Retrieved August 11 2009 Hinders 2007 p 3 a b Mulekar 2004 p 3 a b Hinders 2007 p 4 Mulekar 2004 p 5 a b Koehler 2008 pp 7 9 Koehler 2008 pp 8 9 Koehler 2008 pp 8 10 Koehler 2008 pp 8 11 a b c d Mulekar 2004 p 8 a b Simmons 2009 p 6 Berger 1997 p 4 a b c Simmons 2009 p 5 Berger 1997 p 5 a b Simmons 2009 p 7 2001 Advanced Placement Examination National Report PDF College Board College Board 2001 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 02 18 Retrieved August 10 2009 2002 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 2003 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 2004 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 2005 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 2006 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 2007 Statistics Grade Distributions AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved August 10 2009 AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions AP Examinations May 2008 PDF AP Central College Board 2008 Retrieved August 10 2009 AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions AP Examinations May 2009 PDF AP Central College Board 2009 Retrieved October 13 2009 AP Statistics Student Grade Distributions AP Examinations May 2010 PDF AP Central College Board 2010 Retrieved December 4 2010 2011 AP Score Distributions PDF College Board 2011 Archived PDF from the original on 2021 06 10 Retrieved June 9 2021 a b 2013 AP Exam Score Distribution Total Registration Retrieved 5 July 2013 2014 Student Score Distributions PDF The College Board Retrieved 8 July 2015 STUDENT SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS PDF College Board 2016 Student Score Distributions Total Registration Retrieved 13 July 2016 2017 AP Exam Score Distributions 2018 AP Score Distributions College Board 2018 Archived from the original on June 10 2021 Retrieved June 9 2021 2019 AP Score Distributions PDF College Board 2019 Archived from the original PDF on October 1 2020 Retrieved June 9 2021 STUDENT SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS PDF Retrieved June 9 2021 Total Registration 2021 07 27 2021 AP Exam Score Distributions www totalregistration net Archived from the original on 2021 07 08 Retrieved 2021 07 28 Total Registration 2022 06 28 2023 AP Exam Score Distributions www totalregistration net Retrieved 2022 06 28 Total Registration 2023 06 27 2023 AP Exam Score Distributions www totalregistration net Retrieved 2023 06 27 References editBerger Jack J The Staff of Research and Education Association 1997 AP Statistics The Best Test Preparation for the Advanced Placement Exam Research amp Education Association ISBN 0 87891 082 4 Retrieved July 30 2009 Hinders Duane C 2007 5 Steps to a 5 AP Statistics 2008 2009 Edition McGraw Hill Professional ISBN 978 0 07 148856 3 Retrieved July 30 2009 Koehler Kenneth Fritz Kathy Hewit Dorinda Olsen Chris Short Thomas Tabor Josh Taylor Robert Franklin Christine Chilcoat Richard Haberstroh Jeff Saldivia Luis May 2009 Statistics Course Description PDF AP Central College Board Retrieved August 3 2009 Mulekar Madhuri S Princeton Review 2004 Cracking the AP Statistics Exam 2004 2005 The Princeton Review ISBN 0 375 76390 2 Retrieved July 31 2009 Simmons Bruce Bland Mary Jean Wojciechowski Barbara 2009 Kaplan AP Statistics 2009 Kaplan Publishing ISBN 978 1 4195 5246 5 Retrieved July 30 2009 Further reading editTextbooks edit Yates Daniel S Moore David S McCabe George P 1998 The practice of statistics TI 83 graphing calculator enhanced Macmillan ISBN 0 7167 3370 6 Retrieved 2009 08 04 Bock David E Paul F Velleman Richard D De Veaux 2010 Stats Modeling the World 3rd ed Savvas Addison Wesley Prentice Hall ISBN 978 0 13 135958 1 Archived from the original on 2011 07 15 Retrieved 2010 02 18 Peck Roxy Chris Olsen Jay L Devore 2008 Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis 3rd ed Cengage Learning ISBN 978 0 495 55783 8 Retrieved 2009 08 04 Watkins Ann E Richard L Scheaffer George W Cobb 2004 Statistics in Action Understanding a World of Data Key Curriculum Press ISBN 1 55953 313 7 Diez David M Mine Cetinkaya Rundel Leah Dorazio Christopher D Barr 2019 Advanced High School Statistics OpenIntro Inc ISBN 978 1943450091 Teaching guides edit Cobb George 1992 In Steen Lynn Arthur ed Teaching Statistics More Data Less Lecturing Washington D C Mathematical Association of America Gordon Florence and Sheldon ed 1992 Statistics for the Twenty First Century MAA Notes 26 Washington D C Mathematical Association of America Moore Thomas ed 2000 Teaching Statistics Resources for Undergraduate Instructors MAA Notes 52 Washington D C Mathematical Association of America National Council of Teachers of Mathematics 2003 Principles and Standards for School Mathematics 3 ed Reston VA National Council of Teachers of Mathematics External links editAdvanced Placement website AP Statistics information Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title AP Statistics amp oldid 1220168227, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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