March 1, 1792: Act relative to the Election of a President and Vice President of the United States, and to Presidential Succession, Sess. 1, ch. 8, 1 Stat. 239, stated the process for electors and Congress to follow when electing a president and vice president, and established which federal officer would act as president if both the offices of president and vice president became vacant.
April 14, 1792: Apportionment Act of 1792, Sess. 1, ch. 23 1 Stat. 253, increased the size of the House of Representatives from 69 seats in the 2nd Congress to 105 in the 3rd and apportioned those seats among the several states according to the 1790 census
May 2, 1792: First Militia Act of 1792, Sess. 1, ch. 28, 1 Stat. 264, empowered the president to call out the militias of the various states in the event of an invasion or rebellion.
May 5, 1792: Debtors' Prison Relief Act of 1792, Sess. 1, ch. 29, 1 Stat. 265, established penal regulations and restrictions for persons' gaoled for property debt, tax evasion, and tax resistance.
May 8, 1792: Second Militia Act of 1792, Sess. 1, ch. 33, 1 Stat. 271, required that every free able-bodied white male citizen of the various states, between the ages of 18 and 45, enroll in the militia of the state in which they reside.
March 4, 1791: Vermont was admitted as the 14th state, 1 Stat. 191
June 1, 1792: Kentucky was admitted as the 15th state, 1 Stat. 189
Constitutional amendmentsedit
December 15, 1791: The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified by the requisite number of states (then 11) to become part of the Constitution.
Party summaryedit
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.[1]
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senateedit
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1796; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1792; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1794.
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.[1]
Vermont and Kentucky were newly admitted as states and are first represented in this Congress.
Senateedit
There were three resignations, one contested election, and four new seats of admitted states, resulting in a four-seat net gain of the Anti-Administration Senators.
There were 3 resignations, 1 vacancy of a member-elect, 1 contested election, 2 late elections, and 4 new seats of admitted states, resulting in a 3-seat net gain of the Anti-Administration members and a 1-seat net gain of the Pro-Administration members.
^In Pennsylvania: the legislature, having failed to elect a Senator at the start of the Congress, did so now. Albert Gallatin was not actually seated until the next Congress.
^When Kentucky entered the union, it received two seats. In Virginia's 2nd district, John Brown resigned to become a Senator from Kentucky. the seat was not filled until the next Congress
^ ab When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
Referencesedit
^ abMartis, Kenneth C. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External linksedit
Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
U.S. House of Representatives: House History
U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
February 15, 2024
united, states, congress, confused, with, second, continental, congress, consisting, united, states, senate, united, states, house, representatives, congress, hall, philadelphia, pennsylvania, from, march, 1791, march, 1793, during, third, fourth, years, georg. Not to be confused with Second Continental Congress The 2nd United States Congress consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives met at Congress Hall in Philadelphia Pennsylvania from March 4 1791 to March 4 1793 during the third and fourth years of George Washington s presidency The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the provisions of Article I Section 2 Clause 3 of the United States Constitution Additional House seats were assigned to the two new states of Vermont and Kentucky Both chambers had a Pro Administration majority 2nd United States Congress1st 3rdCongress Hall 2007 March 4 1791 March 3 1793Members26 30 senators65 69 representativesSenate majorityPro AdministrationSenate PresidentJohn Adams P House majorityPro AdministrationHouse SpeakerJonathan Trumbull Jr P SessionsSpecial March 4 1791 March 4 17911st October 24 1791 May 8 17922nd November 5 1792 March 2 1793Modern tour group visiting the House of Representatives chamber at Congress HallSenate chamber at Congress Hall Contents 1 Major events 2 Major legislation 3 States admitted 4 Constitutional amendments 5 Party summary 5 1 Senate 5 2 House of Representatives 6 Leadership 6 1 Senate 6 2 House of Representatives 7 Members 7 1 Senate 7 1 1 Connecticut 7 1 2 Delaware 7 1 3 Georgia 7 1 4 Kentucky 7 1 5 Maryland 7 1 6 Massachusetts 7 1 7 New Hampshire 7 1 8 New Jersey 7 1 9 New York 7 1 10 North Carolina 7 1 11 Pennsylvania 7 1 12 Rhode Island 7 1 13 South Carolina 7 1 14 Vermont 7 1 15 Virginia 7 2 House of Representatives 7 2 1 Connecticut 7 2 2 Delaware 7 2 3 Georgia 7 2 4 Kentucky 7 2 5 Maryland 7 2 6 Massachusetts 7 2 7 New Hampshire 7 2 8 New Jersey 7 2 9 New York 7 2 10 North Carolina 7 2 11 Pennsylvania 7 2 12 Rhode Island 7 2 13 South Carolina 7 2 14 Vermont 7 2 15 Virginia 8 Membership changes 8 1 Senate 8 2 House of Representatives 9 Committees 9 1 Senate 9 2 House of Representatives 9 3 Joint committees 10 Employees 10 1 Senate 10 2 House of Representatives 11 See also 12 Notes 13 References 14 External linksMajor events editMain articles 1791 in the United States 1792 in the United States and 1793 in the United States April 5 1792 President Washington used the veto for the first time vetoing a bill designed to apportion representatives among U S states April May 1792 the House conducted the government s first investigative hearings examining Gen Arthur St Clair s Defeat in the Battle of the Wabash October 13 1792 Foundation of Washington D C The cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion now known as the White House was laid Major legislation edit nbsp Wikisource has original text related to this article Public Acts of the Second Congress Main article List of United States federal legislation 1789 1901 2nd United States Congress February 20 1792 Postal Service Act Sess 1 ch 7 1 Stat 232 established the U S Post Office March 1 1792 Act relative to the Election of a President and Vice President of the United States and to Presidential Succession Sess 1 ch 8 1 Stat 239 stated the process for electors and Congress to follow when electing a president and vice president and established which federal officer would act as president if both the offices of president and vice president became vacant April 2 1792 Coinage Act of 1792 Sess 1 ch 16 1 Stat 246 established the United States Mint and regulated coinage April 14 1792 Apportionment Act of 1792 Sess 1 ch 23 1 Stat 253 increased the size of the House of Representatives from 69 seats in the 2nd Congress to 105 in the 3rd and apportioned those seats among the several states according to the 1790 census May 2 1792 First Militia Act of 1792 Sess 1 ch 28 1 Stat 264 empowered the president to call out the militias of the various states in the event of an invasion or rebellion May 5 1792 Debtors Prison Relief Act of 1792 Sess 1 ch 29 1 Stat 265 established penal regulations and restrictions for persons gaoled for property debt tax evasion and tax resistance May 8 1792 Second Militia Act of 1792 Sess 1 ch 33 1 Stat 271 required that every free able bodied white male citizen of the various states between the ages of 18 and 45 enroll in the militia of the state in which they reside February 12 1793 Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 Sess 2 ch 7 1 Stat 302 March 2 1793 Judiciary Act of 1793 including Anti Injunction Act Sess 2 ch 22 1 Stat 333States admitted editMarch 4 1791 Vermont was admitted as the 14th state 1 Stat 191 June 1 1792 Kentucky was admitted as the 15th state 1 Stat 189Constitutional amendments editDecember 15 1791 The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution collectively known as the Bill of Rights were ratified by the requisite number of states then 11 to become part of the Constitution Party summary editThere were no political parties in this Congress Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest based on an analysis of their voting record 1 Details on changes are shown below in the Changes in membership section Senate edit During this congress two new Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Vermont and Kentucky Faction Shading indicates faction control TotalAnti Administration A Pro Administration P VacantEnd ofprevious Congress 8 18 26 0Begin 8 17 25 1March 4 1791 a 16 24 2June 13 1791 b 17 25 1November 4 1791 c 10 27June 18 1792 d 12 29October 8 1792 e 11 28 2October 18 1792 f 12 29 1November 30 1792 g 16 28 2January 10 1793 h 17 29 1February 28 1793 i 13 30 0Final voting share 43 3 56 7 Beginning of thenext Congress 14 16 30 0House of Representatives edit nbsp Members of the House of Representatives as shared by each stateDuring this congress two new House seats were added for each of the new states of Vermont and Kentucky Sess 3 ch 9 1 Stat 191 House membership nbsp Beginning of the Congress nbsp End of the CongressFaction Shading indicates faction control TotalAnti Administration A Pro Administration P VacantEnd ofprevious Congress 28 36 64 1BeginMarch 4 1791 25 37 62 3April 4 1791 j 38 63 2October 24 1791 k 28 66 1November 1791 l 37 65 2February 6 1792 m 29 66 1March 21 1792 n 28 65 2April 2 1792 o 38 66 1June 1 1792 p 27 65 4November 8 1792 q 28 66 3November 9 1792 r 29 67 2November 22 1792 s 30 68 1December 6 1792 t 29 67 2January 30 1793 u 39 68 1Final voting share 42 6 57 4 Beginning of thenext Congress 55 50 105 0Leadership edit nbsp Senate PresidentJohn AdamsSenate edit President John Adams P President pro tempore Richard Henry Lee P John Langdon P elected November 5 1792House of Representatives edit Speaker Jonathan Trumbull Jr P Members editThis list is arranged by chamber then by state Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district Senate edit Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years with one third beginning new six year terms with each Congress Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers which indicate the cycle of their election In this Congress Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress facing re election in 1796 Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress facing re election in 1792 and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress facing re election in 1794 Connecticut edit 1 Oliver Ellsworth P 3 William S Johnson P until March 4 1791 Roger Sherman P from June 13 1791 dd Delaware edit 1 George Read P 2 Richard Bassett P Georgia edit 2 William Few A 3 James Gunn A Kentucky edit 2 John Brown A from June 18 1792 3 John Edwards A from June 18 1792Maryland edit 1 Charles Carroll P until November 30 1792 Richard Potts P from February 4 1793 dd 3 John Henry P Massachusetts edit 1 George Cabot P 2 Caleb Strong P New Hampshire edit 2 Paine Wingate A 3 John Langdon P New Jersey edit 1 John Rutherfurd P 2 Philemon Dickinson P New York edit 1 Aaron Burr A 3 Rufus King P North Carolina edit 2 Samuel Johnston P 3 Benjamin Hawkins P Pennsylvania edit 1 Albert Gallatin A from February 28 1793 not formally installed until next Congress 3 Robert Morris P Rhode Island edit 1 Theodore Foster P 2 Joseph Stanton Jr A South Carolina edit 2 Pierce Butler A 3 Ralph Izard P Vermont edit 1 Moses Robinson A from October 17 1791 3 Stephen R Bradley A from October 17 1791Virginia edit 2 Richard Henry Lee A until October 8 1792 John Taylor of Caroline A from December 12 1792 dd 1 James Monroe A nbsp Senators party membership by state at the opening of the 2nd Congress in March 1791 2 Anti Administration 1 Anti Administration and 1 Pro Administration 2 Pro Administration nbsp President pro tempore Richard Henry Lee House of Representatives edit The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their districts Connecticut edit All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket At large James Hillhouse P At large Amasa Learned P At large Jonathan Sturges P At large Jonathan Trumbull Jr P At large Jeremiah Wadsworth P Delaware edit At large John Vining P Georgia edit All representatives were elected statewide from individual districts 1 Anthony Wayne A until March 21 1792 seat declared vacant John Milledge A from November 22 1792 dd 2 Abraham Baldwin A 3 Francis Willis A Kentucky edit 1 Christopher Greenup A from November 9 1792 2 Alexander D Orr A from November 8 1792Maryland edit All representatives were elected statewide from individual districts 1 Philip Key P 2 Joshua Seney A until December 6 1792 William Hindman P from January 30 1793 dd 3 William Pinkney P until November 9 1791 John F Mercer A from February 6 1792 dd 4 Samuel Sterett A 5 William Vans Murray P 6 Upton Sheredine A Massachusetts edit 1 Fisher Ames P 2 Benjamin Goodhue P 3 Elbridge Gerry A 4 Theodore Sedgwick P 5 Shearjashub Bourne P 6 George Leonard P from April 2 1792 late election 7 Artemas Ward P 8 George Thatcher P from April 4 1791 late election New Hampshire edit All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket At large Nicholas Gilman P At large Samuel Livermore P At large Jeremiah Smith P New Jersey edit All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket At large Elias Boudinot P At large Abraham Clark P At large Jonathan Dayton P At large Aaron Kitchell A New York edit 1 Thomas Tredwell A from October 24 1791 2 John Laurance P 3 Egbert Benson P 4 Cornelius C Schoonmaker A 5 Peter Silvester P 6 James Gordon P North Carolina edit There was a special redistricting for this Congress 1 John Steele P 2 Nathaniel Macon A 3 John Baptista Ashe A 4 Hugh Williamson A 5 William Barry Grove P Pennsylvania edit 1 Thomas Fitzsimons P 2 Frederick Muhlenberg A 3 Israel Jacobs P 4 Daniel Hiester A 5 John Wilkes Kittera P 6 Andrew Gregg A 7 Thomas Hartley P 8 William Findley A Rhode Island edit At large Benjamin Bourne P South Carolina edit 1 William L Smith P 2 Robert Barnwell P 3 Daniel Huger P 4 Thomas Sumter A 5 Thomas Tudor Tucker A Vermont edit 1 Israel Smith A from October 31 1791 2 Nathaniel Niles A from October 31 1791Virginia edit 1 Alexander White P 2 John Brown A until June 1 1792 when his district became Kentucky Vacant thereafter dd 3 Andrew Moore A 4 Richard Bland Lee P 5 James Madison A 6 Abraham B Venable A 7 John Page A 8 Josiah Parker P 9 William B Giles A 10 Samuel Griffin A nbsp Speaker Jonathan Trumbull Jr Membership changes editThere were no political parties in this Congress Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest based on an analysis of their voting record 1 Vermont and Kentucky were newly admitted as states and are first represented in this Congress Senate edit There were three resignations one contested election and four new seats of admitted states resulting in a four seat net gain of the Anti Administration Senators See also List of special elections to the United States Senate Senate changes State class Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor s formal installation v Pennsylvania 1 Vacant Legislature failed to elect senator Successor elected February 28 1793 Albert Gallatin A December 2 1793Connecticut 3 William S Johnson P Resigned March 4 1791 Successor elected June 13 1791 Roger Sherman P June 13 1791Vermont 3 New seat Vermont was admitted to the Union March 4 1791 Winners elected October 17 1791 Stephen R Bradley A November 4 1791Vermont 1 Moses Robinson A November 4 1791Kentucky 3 New seat Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1 1792 Winners elected June 18 1792 John Edwards A June 18 1792Kentucky 2 John Brown A June 18 1792Virginia 2 Richard Henry Lee A Resigned October 8 1792 Successor elected October 18 1792 John Taylor A October 18 1792Maryland 1 Charles Carroll P Resigned November 30 1792 Successor elected January 10 1793 Richard Potts P January 10 1793House of Representatives edit There were 3 resignations 1 vacancy of a member elect 1 contested election 2 late elections and 4 new seats of admitted states resulting in a 3 seat net gain of the Anti Administration members and a 1 seat net gain of the Pro Administration members Main article List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives House changes District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor s formal installation v Massachusetts 8th Vacant Due to failure to reach a majority four ballots were needed to elect Incumbent was elected late April 4 1791 George Thatcher P April 4 1791New York 1st Vacant Representative elect James Townsend died on May 24 1790 before Congress assembled Thomas Tredwell A October 24 1791Vermont 1st New seat Vermont was admitted to the Union on March 4 1791 Israel Smith A October 24 1791Vermont 2nd Nathaniel Niles A October 24 1791Maryland 3rd William Pinkney P Resigned November 1791 John Francis Mercer A February 6 1792Massachusetts 6th Vacant Due to failure to reach a majority eight ballots were needed to elect Incumbent was elected late April 2 1792 George Leonard P April 2 1792Virginia 2nd John Brown A Resigned June 1 1792 to become U S Senator from Kentucky Vacant Seat went with KentuckyKentucky 2nd New seat Kentucky was admitted to the Union on June 1 1792 Alexander D Orr A November 8 1792Kentucky 1st Christopher Greenup A November 9 1792Georgia 1st Anthony Wayne A Anthony Wayne served until March 21 1792 when seat declared vacant because the election was contested John Milledge A November 22 1792Maryland 2nd Joshua Seney A Resigned December 6 1792 William Hindman P January 30 1793Committees editLists of committees and their party leaders Senate edit WholeHouse of Representatives edit Elections Chairman Samuel Livermore Rules Select WholeJoint committees edit Enrolled Bills Chairman John Rutherfurd Employees editSenate edit Secretary Samuel A Otis Doorkeeper James Mathers Chaplain William White Episcopalian House of Representatives edit Clerk John Beckley Sergeant at Arms Joseph Wheaton Doorkeeper Gifford Dalley Chaplain Samuel Blair Presbyterian Ashbel Green Presbyterian elected November 5 1792 Reading Clerks data missing See also edit1790 United States elections elections leading to this Congress 1790 91 United States Senate elections 1790 91 United States House of Representatives elections 1792 United States elections elections during this Congress leading to the next Congress 1792 United States presidential election 1792 93 United States Senate elections 1792 93 United States House of Representatives electionsNotes edit In Connecticut William Samuel Johnson resigned In Connecticut Roger Sherman was elected to fill the vacancy created when William Samuel Johnson resigned In Vermont the state was admitted to the Union on March 4 1791 and elected two Senators In Kentucky the state was admitted to the Union on June 1 1792 and elected two Senators In Virginia Richard Henry Lee resigned In Virginia John Taylor was elected to fill the vacancy created when Richard Henry Lee resigned In Maryland Charles Carroll resigned In Maryland Richard Potts was elected to fill the vacancy created when Charles Carroll resigned In Pennsylvania the legislature having failed to elect a Senator at the start of the Congress did so now Albert Gallatin was not actually seated until the next Congress In Massachusetts s 8th district George Thatcher was seated late after three runoff elections In New York s 1st district Representative elect James Townsend died before the Congress began and Thomas Tredwell was elected to fill the seat In Vermont two seats were added as the state joined the union In Maryland s 3rd district William Pinkney resigned In Maryland s 3rd district John Francis Mercer was elected to fill the vacancy created when William Pinkney resigned In Georgia s 1st district Anthony Wayne had been elected in a contested election and his seat was now declared vacant In Massachusetts s 6th district George Leonard was seated late after seven runoff elections When Kentucky entered the union it received two seats In Virginia s 2nd district John Brown resigned to become a Senator from Kentucky the seat was not filled until the next Congress In Kentucky s 2nd district Alexander D Orr was elected to the new seat In Kentucky s 1st district Christopher Greenup was elected to the new seat In Georgia s 1st district John Milledge was elected to the seat declared vacant because the previous election was contested In Maryland s 2nd district Joshua Seney resigned to become a judge In Maryland s 2nd district William Hindman was elected to fill the vacancy created when Joshua Seney resigned a b When seated or oath administered not necessarily when service began References edit a b Martis Kenneth C The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress Martis Kenneth C 1989 The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress New York Macmillan Publishing Company Martis Kenneth C 1982 The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts New York Macmillan Publishing Company External links editStatutes at Large 1789 1875 Senate Journal First Forty three Sessions of Congress House Journal First Forty three Sessions of Congress Biographical Directory of the U S Congress U S House of Representatives House History U S Senate Statistics and Lists Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2nd United States Congress amp oldid 1194807648, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
