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2022–23 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season

May 01, 2024

The 2022–23 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the deadliest South-West Indian cyclone seasons on record, mostly due to Cyclone Freddy. It officially began on 15 November 2022, and ended on 30 April 2023, with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles, for which it ended on 15 May 2023. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical and subtropical cyclones form in the basin, which is west of 90°E and south of the Equator. However, tropical cyclones can form year-round, and all tropical cyclones that form between 1 July 2022 and 30 June 2023 will be part of the season. Tropical and subtropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Réunion and unofficially by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.

2022–23 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed23 September 2022
Last system dissipated25 May 2023
Strongest storm
By maximum sustained windsFreddy
 • Maximum winds230 km/h (145 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure927 hPa (mbar)
By central pressureDarian
 • Maximum winds220 km/h (140 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure920 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total disturbances10
Total depressions10
Total storms9
Tropical cyclones6
Intense tropical cyclones3
Very intense tropical cyclones2
Total fatalities>1,483 total
(Second-deadliest South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season on record)
Total damage$675 million (2023 USD)
Related articles
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24, 2024–25

The season was average in terms of the number of systems that formed, with nine systems becoming at least moderate tropical storms, and six reaching tropical cyclone strength. Activity began early, with the first two systems (Ashley and Balita) developing in September and October, and ended late with Fabien in May. The season featured Cyclone Freddy, which became the longest-lived tropical cyclone on record, beating the previous record of Hurricane John in 1994, and also had the highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) of any tropical cyclone on record worldwide, surpassing Hurricane Ioke in 2006. In addition, Freddy is the only known tropical cyclone to achieve seven separate rapid intensification cycles. The most intense system of the season was Cyclone Darian.

In the month of January, Cyclone Cheneso brought flooding and strong winds to Madagascar. In May, Cyclone Fabien formed close to the equator and became the latest intense tropical cyclone in the satellite era, surpassing Cyclone Billy-Lila of 1986 by six days. Tropical cyclones during this season collectively caused at least 1,483 deaths and more than $675 million in damage.

Seasonal forecasts edit

Source/Record Moderate Tropical
Storm 		Very/Intense
Tropical Cyclone
Record high: 15 9
Record low: 3 0
Forecast
Center 		Systems
Mauritius Meteorological Services 11–9 tropical cyclones
Météo-France 6–10 tropical cyclones
Forecast
Center 		Chance of
above average
Météo-France 30% 60% 10%
Source: Seasonal Outlook for Tropical Cyclones.[1][2]

In October 2022, Météo-France issued its seasonal forecast of cyclone activity for the basin. The MFR predicted a season that was slightly below average to average, citing the effects of a La Niña event. The MFR placed chances of a below-average season at 60%. Average cyclone activity was given a 30% chance, and an above-average level of activity was given a 10% chance. The season in the South-West Indian Ocean was expected to be near- to below-average, with 6–10 systems of moderate tropical storm intensity or higher.[2]

The Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS) released their summer 2022–23 outlooks. An average season, with around eleven to nine cyclones forming, was expected.[1] The MMS indicated that the eastern part of the basin would present more favorable conditions for cyclogenesis in the first half of summer, and the western part of the basin would become more conducive to storm formation during the second half of summer.[1]

Seasonal summary edit

Cyclone FreddyCyclone ChenesoTropical cyclone scales#Comparisons across basins
 
Cyclone Freddy (left) nearing Madagascar and the tropical depression which later developed into Cyclone Enala (right) over the open Indian Ocean on 21 February.

The season began early, with a weak tropical low being produced on 22 September.[3] Improving conditions over the next three days allowed the development of the system, which strengthened into Moderate Tropical Storm Ashley on 27 September.[4][5] The system slowly moved westward and weakened into a remnant low on 30 September.[6] Pre-season activity continued, with a disturbance being produced as a result of a westerly wind burst.[7][8] Another storm formed on 6 October, and was named Balita on 8 October.[9] In November 2022, Tropical Low 02U (reclassified the system as Tropical Depression 03) entered the basin and degenerated into a remnant low by the next day.[10][11] In December, Cyclone Darian (classified as a very intense tropical cyclone) entered the basin, before gradually weakening.[12]

In January 2023, a new disturbance became a tropical depression and was later named Cheneso. The cyclone strengthened to severe tropical storm status before making landfall over Madagascar on 19 January.[13] It re-intensified to Cyclone Cheneso after moving southwestwards as an overland depression status. It was last noted as a subtropical depression on 29 January. In February 2023, Tropical Low 11U from the Australian region moved into this basin, where it was classified as Moderate Tropical Storm Dingani. Although initially struggling to intensify due to wind shear, it gradually intensified and eventually reached tropical cyclone status, before moving southwestwards and dissipated.

Cyclone Freddy moved the Australian area and reached this region, where MFR immediately classed it as a tropical cyclone status. It subsequently strengthened into a very intense tropical cyclone status. Freddy later intensified into a Category 5 tropical cyclone before making landfall over Madagascar. It weakened as it crossed the Mozambique Channel, but it re-intensified to severe tropical storm status before making landfall in Mozambique, it unexpectedly reappeared in the Mozambique Channel. It was upgraded to tropical cyclone status. It weakened but began to re-strengthen when it approached Mozambique, the storm gradually deteriorated and last noted on 14 March. Another tropical depression formed and strengthened into Moderate Tropical Storm Enala, which subsequently evolved into a tropical cyclone and last occurred on 28 February. Another period of inactivity then ensued, until a Moderate Tropical Storm 09 formed and dissipated quickly. In May, Fabien formed close to the equator and became an intense tropical cyclone, which was unusually strong this late in the season before encountering increasing wind shear.

Systems edit

Moderate Tropical Storm Ashley edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration23 September – 28 September
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)
See also: List of off-season South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones

On 22 September, a near-equatorial trough produced a weak tropical low in the Indian Ocean, initially expected by MFR to not form due to upper wind shear.[3] Environmental conditions improved over the next 3 days,[4] and the low organized enough to become the first tropical depression of the season by 26 September.[14] Early the next day, the JTWC subsequently designated the storm as Tropical Cyclone 02S, citing a scatterometer pass indicating tropical storm-force winds in its western and eastern semicircles.[15] The MFR also upgraded the system into a moderate tropical storm, and the Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS) named it Ashley.[16][5] The system then reached peak intensity, with 10-minute sustained winds of 75 km/h (45 mph),[5] before succumbing to strong northeasterly shear and significant dry air intrusions late on the same day, prompting the JTWC to issue their final advisory on Ashley.[17] The MFR terminated advisories by 06:00 UTC on 28 September as Ashley weakened into a remnant low,[6] but continued to track the storm until it was last noted on 30 September as a dissipating low.[18]

Moderate Tropical Storm Balita edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration3 October – 9 October
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
996 hPa (mbar)
See also: List of off-season South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones

On 2 October, the MFR began to monitor a disturbance associated with the convergence of the westerly wind burst.[7] However, convective activity was located in the low-level convergences.[19] Later the next day, the JTWC began monitoring an area of convection.[20] Satellite images indicated that the low-level cloud lines wrapping into the low-level center.[21] Early on 5 October, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on the system.[22] The JTWC subsequently initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 03S at 03:00 UTC on 6 October.[23] By 06:00 UTC, the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression.[24] An ASCAT pass featured below gale-force winds on its southern quadrant.[25] Despite moderate northeasterly wind shear, convection increased around the system.[26]

The MFR further upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm at 00:00 UTC on 8 October with the name Balita from the MMS.[27][9] Microwave imagery revealed that Balita had improved its convective structure.[28] At 06:00 UTC on 9 October, Balita's structure became elongated and asymmetrical, prompting MFR to reclassify the storm as a post-tropical depression.[29][30] Later that same day, the MFR ceased advisories, and the JTWC followed suit.[31] The remnants fully dissipated on 13 October.[32]

Tropical Depression 03 edit

Tropical depression (MFR)
   
Duration5 November (Entered basin) – 6 November
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);
1008 hPa (mbar)

On 5 November, Tropical Low 02U that was being monitored by the MFR crossed into the South-West Indian Ocean basin from the Australian region.[10] At the time, there was no more convection associated, only a low-level vortex.[10] Thunderstorm activity has resumed in the southern part of the system in the last few hours.[10] Upon entering the basin, the JTWC ceased advisories by 09:00 UTC that day.[33] The MFR's reclassified the system as Tropical Depression 03.[11] Environmental conditions were assessed as being marginally conducive for tropical cyclogenesis, with low vertical wind shear and moderate equatorial outflow.[34] At 06:00 UTC on 6 November, the MFR's issued their last warning as the system degenerated into a remnant low.[8]

Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Darian edit

Very intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration21 December (Entered basin) – 30 December
Peak intensity220 km/h (140 mph) (10-min);
920 hPa (mbar)

On 21 December, Severe Tropical Cyclone Darian moved into the basin from the Australian region, and was immediately classified as a very intense tropical cyclone by MFR.[12] Darian exhibited a highly symmetrical cloud structure around a well-defined eye.[35] Shortly afterward, Darian's cloud pattern deteriorated and its eye started to become less defined, causing the cyclone to weaken to an intense tropical cyclone by 18:00 UTC.[36] Darian weakened to a Category 3-equivalent cyclone the next day, as the convective cloud tops had warmed slightly.[37] Darian's then weakened due to strong wind shear, and was downgraded into a tropical cyclone.[38] With a well-defined eye and impressive appearance on satellite imagery, Darian re-intensified, reaching 10-minute maximum sustained winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) around 06:00 UTC on 23 December.[39] The cyclone was highly compact, with a distinct eye surrounded by cold cloud tops.[40] Around the same time, the JTWC's also assessed Darian as having 1-minute maximum sustained winds of 240 km/h (150 mph), making the storm a Category 4-equivalent cyclone again on the Saffir–Simpson scale (SSHWS).[41] Darian became quasi-stationary due to the presence of two main flows.[42] The cyclone's eye can be seen from satellite imagery, and its cloud tops warmed to −99 to −108 °F (−73 to −78 °C).[43] Steady weakening occurred thereafter as it underwent an eyewall replacement cycle.[44]

Multispectral animated satellite imagery revealed a 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) surrounded eye around deep convection as a result, the cyclone weakened to Category 2-equivalent cyclone.[45] Further weakening occurred as the MFR assessed that Darian's winds bottomed out at 155 km/h (100 mph).[46] At 03:00 UTC on 26 December, the JTWC reported that Darian had re-strengthened to 205 km/h (125 mph) with a warm 14 °F (−10 °C), a wide eye 25 nautical miles (46 km; 29 mi), and was surrounded by cold, −98 to −116 °F (−72 to −82 °C) cloud tops.[47] Using the Dvorak technique, MFR estimated winds of 185 km/h (115 mph).[48][49] Due to moderate east-northeasterly vertical wind shear, Darian fell to 155 km/h (100 mph) winds, according to MFR.[50] Just six hours later, the eye feature persisted, consisting of a warm area within the cooling eyewall.[51] At 15:00 UTC on 27 December, the JTWC further downgraded it to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone.[52] Satellite imagery showed that the cloud pattern began to rapidly deteriorate, and MFR followed suit and declared it a severe tropical storm.[53] The JTWC also reported that Darian's weakened into a tropical storm.[54] By 00:00 UTC on 29 December, Darian weakened into a moderate tropical storm, after the convection diminished around the center.[55] MFR issued its last advisory on the storm on 30 December as it transitioned into a post-tropical depression.[56] The JTWC also discontinued warnings on the system around 03:00 UTC on 31 December.[57]

Tropical Cyclone Cheneso edit

Tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration16 January – 29 January
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
965 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Cheneso

Cheneso formed on 16 January to the south of Diego Garcia.[58] The system meandered southwestward, becoming a tropical disturbance on 18 January.[59] By late the next day, the system had intensified into Moderate Tropical Storm Cheneso, and the JTWC classified it as Tropical Cyclone 08S.[60][13] Satellite imagery showed that a central dense overcast (CDO) was obscuring the low-level circulation center (LLCC), and Cheneso intensified further into a severe tropical storm.[61][62] The cyclone moved ashore in northern Madagascar on 17 January and quickly weakened as it crossed the country.[63][64] It emerged into the Mozambique Channel as a weak tropical disturbance.[65] Cheneso again reached open waters, and briefly re-intensified into a tropical cyclone.[66] By 06:00 UTC on 29 January, Cheneso structure became poorly organized, prompting MFR to reclassify the storm as a post-tropical depression.[67] The JTWC discontinued warnings on the system around 03:00 UTC on 30 January.[68]

Authorities issued an alert of heavy rain in the country, posing an imminent risk of flooding and landslides.[69] The National Bureau of Risk and Disaster Management (BNGRC) reported 90,870 affected people, and 34,100 were displaced.[70] Overall, the cyclone was responsible for 33 deaths and 20 others missing.[70] Damage from the storm is estimated to exceed $20 million.[71]

Tropical Cyclone Dingani edit

Tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration9 February (Entered basin) – 15 February
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
971 hPa (mbar)

On 9 February, Tropical Low 11U from the Australian region entered the basin and was designated as Moderate Tropical Storm Dingani.[72] By 03:00 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA, after noting persistent deep convection within its southern quadrant.[73] Later that day, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 13S.[74] The storm had a broad and fully exposed LCC, but was struggling due to northeasterly vertical windshear.[75][76] By 00:00 UTC on 11 February, as convection maintained near the center, the MFR upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm.[77] Later the next day, Dingani had rapidly consolidated as it formed a 20 km (12 mi) diameter eye, including a significant improved convective structure; the JTWC's assessed the storm to have strengthened into 140 km/h (85 mph) of winds.[78] Dingani continued to intensify and soon became a tropical cyclone.[79] Twelve hours later, the cyclone maintained a well defined-eye.[80] However, shear began impacting the storm, causing the eye to disappear.[81] By 00:00 UTC on 14 February, Dingani weakened back into a severe tropical storm.[82] The JTWC also reported that Dingani's weakened into a tropical storm.[83] Later the next day, Dingani later transitioned into a post-tropical depression.[84] The system was poorly organized, with a high wind shear environment, and the JTWC issued a final warning on the system on 16 February.[85]

Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Freddy edit

Very intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 5 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration14 February (Entered basin) – 14 March
Peak intensity230 km/h (145 mph) (10-min);
927 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Freddy
See also: Meteorological history of Cyclone Freddy and Humanitarian response to Cyclone Freddy

On 14 February, Severe Tropical Cyclone Freddy moved into the basin from the Australian region and was classified as a tropical cyclone.[86] The agency later upgraded the system to an intense tropical cyclone.[87] Freddy's structure began to improve as an eye feature was becoming visible in a small central dense overcast.[88] Freddy then began to exhibit some annular characteristics, before re-intensifying and reaching 1-minute maximum sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph) around 03:00 UTC on 15 February.[89] The JTWC noted that Freddy had a small symmetric 8 km (5.0 mi) eye.[90] Later that next day, Freddy had become a Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone with sustained winds of 270 km/h (165 mph).[91][92] During 19 February, the storm weakened slightly then intensified once again and was reclassified as a very intense tropical cyclone by MFR.[93][94] By 00:00 UTC on 20 February, Freddy's cloud pattern slightly deteriorated, causing the cyclone to weaken to an intense tropical cyclone.[95] During the next day, Freddy made its first landfall Mananjary, Madagascar.[96] Freddy had degenerated into an overland depression.[97] Freddy substantially weakened as it traversed the mountainous terrain of Madagascar.[98] Freddy rapidly weakened overland, but re-attained severe tropical storm on 23 February after moving over the Mozambique Channel.[99] Soon afterward, Freddy made second landfall south of Vilankulos, Mozambique.[100] When Freddy re-emerged into the Mozambique Channel, MFR resumed advisories on the system as tropical disturbance on 2 March.[101]

Satellite imagery showed that an ill-defined eye was visible, and Freddy intensified further into a tropical cyclone.[102][103] Freddy rapidly weakened as a result of the presence of higher wind shear as well as dry air intrusion.[104] Later that next day, the storm weakened to 110 km/h (70 mph).[104] The JTWC and MFR indicated that Freddy strengthened into 120 km/h (75 mph).[105][106] Freddy made its final landfall on Quelimane, Zambezia Province, Mozambique.[107][108] Freddy gradually degraded and MFR ceased monitoring it as an overland depression on 13 March.[109][110] Once inland, MFR ceased monitoring it as a tropical cyclone on 14 March.[111][112]

In anticipation of Freddy, MFR issued a cyclone yellow pre-alert for the island of Réunion.[113] Freddy passed within 200 km (120 mi) of the Mauritian just north of Grand Bay, producing wind gusts on the island at Port Louis up to 104 km/h (65 mph).[114][115][116] Freddy impacted Réunion with its effects being relatively limited.[117][118][119] At least 20,000 people were displaced in Malawi.[120][121] President of Malawi, Lazarus Chakwera, declared a state of disaster in the southern regions.[122][123] The power utility had turned off the electricity completely as a precaution against the cyclone in Mozambique.[124] All flights were suspended due to the inclement weather brought by Freddy.[125] At least 1,434 persons were killed overall by the storm, including 537 who are still missing and assumed dead in Malawi, 198 in Mozambique, 17 in Madagascar, 2 in Zimbabwe, and one in Mauritius.[126] Total damages are estimated to reach $655 million, making it the second-costliest cyclone in the south-west Indian Ocean after Cyclone Idai in 2019.[71]

Tropical Cyclone Enala edit

Tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration19 February – 28 February
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

On 18 February, the MFR began monitoring a clockwise circulation located in the far northeastern corner of the basin, west-northwest of the Cocos Islands.[127] On the following day, it was classified as a zone of disturbed weather by the MFR.[128] Convection had accelerated and was near to the circulation's center.[129] During 22 February, the system began to show signs of organization, and the system gained sufficient organization, noted by curved cloud bands, to be classified as a tropical depression.[130] Later that day, the JTWC issued a TCFA on the system.[131] By 09:00 UTC that day, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 14S.[132] The MFR further upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm with the name Enala from the MMS.[133] Enala's cloud pattern slightly changed in the southwestern semicircle of the system.[134] Enala strengthened into a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone on 23 February.[135]

MFR also upgraded the system into a severe tropical storm.[136] The cyclone began to show an eye that was visible on satellite imagery.[137] Enala intensified into tropical cyclone at 00:00 UTC on 24 February.[138] Enala significantly weakened due to strong northwesterly wind shear, prompting the MFR to downgrade the system back to 110 km/h (70 mph).[139] Later that next day, the JTWC also reported that Enala had weakened into a tropical storm.[140] Returning to vertical wind shear with winds of 20–25 km/h (12–16 mph), Enala was downgraded to moderate tropical storm status by the MFR.[141] During 28 February, while continuing to weaken, both the MFR and JTWC ceased issuing advisories due to it initiating subtropical transition.[142][143]

Moderate Tropical Storm 09 edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
   
Duration25 March – 28 March
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
997 hPa (mbar)

On 21 March, a weak low-pressure developed over the central Indian Ocean, MFR initially estimated a "very low" chance of a tropical cyclone.[144] During 25 March, organization ensued with deep convection wrapping into its near center in the western and southern quadrants.[145] The system began moving southwards, and on the next day it was classified as a zone of disturbed weather.[146] After meandering for several days, the system began to take a more southerly track, and at 06:00 UTC on 27 March, it was upgraded to a tropical depression.[147] Convective activity associated with the system eventually became limited and the system degenerated into a remnant low by 06:00 UTC on 28 March.[148] During post-storm analysis from the MFR, the system was upgraded into a moderate tropical storm on 26 March, although it remained unnamed.[149]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Fabien edit

Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration12 May – 25 May
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min);
958 hPa (mbar)
See also: List of off-season South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones, Lu Peng Yuan Yu sinking, and List of tropical cyclones near the Equator

The active phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) led to the MFR forecasting that a cyclonic circulation would form in the Indonesian region to the east of its area of responsibility (AoR).[150] This also aided the development of Cyclone Mocha north of the equator.[151] Long-range ensemble forecast guidance from the Global Forecast System (GFS) and the Integrated Forecast System (IFS) suggested the possibility of a storm forming.[152] A low-pressure developed within the western part, extending across the equator on 8 May.[153][154][155] The system began to organize with deep convection obscuring its LLCC.[156] During 13 May, the system had consolidated into a tropical disturbance.[157] Later the same day, the JTWC issued a TCFA on the system.[158] Later the next day, cloud pattern continued to improve with its CDO, and the system organized into a tropical depression.[159] The depression strengthened and became a Moderate Tropical Storm, assigning the name Fabien.[160] The JTWC subsequently classified it as Tropical Cyclone 19S.[161] Operationally, the MFR estimated winds of 75 km/h (45 mph), but reevaluation of ASCAT, the MFR revised the estimated to 95 km/h (60 mph), causing the system to become a severe tropical storm.[162] The storm had an intense band of intense deep convection wrapping over the LLCC, and as a result, Fabien strengthened into a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone.[163]

Fabien began showing an eye structure seen in microwave imaging, with Fabien later becoming a tropical cyclone.[164] With a solid eyewall of deep convection surrounding an eye, the JTWC upgraded Fabien to a Category 2-equivalent cyclone at 15:00 UTC on 15 May, estimating that the storm possessed 1-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph).[165] Fabien organized into a very symmetric cyclone with an eye about 13 km (8.1 mi) eye in diameter.[166] As a result, the JTWC upgraded Fabien to a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone.[166] The MFR later upgraded Fabien into an intense tropical cyclone, becoming the latest cyclone of that intensity in the satellite era, surpassing Cyclone Billy-Lila of 1986 by six days.[167][168] Moderate wind shear started to affect the west and southwest parts of Fabien, and its eyewall began to erode.[169] Fabien weakened to tropical cyclone strength by 06:00 UTC on 17 May.[169] Convection increased again, and after the storm acquired a warm core, MFR reported that Fabien's winds weakened to 110 km/h (70 mph).[170] Fabien steadily weakened as it began to advect dry air into its circulation, deteriorating into a moderate tropical storm.[171] The MFR and JTWC determined Fabien degenerated into a remnant low, and the last advisory was issued on 21 May.[172][173] Around 19:00 UTC on 15 May,[174] a Chinese fishing boat, the Lu Pen Yuan Yu, capsized as 7 m (23 ft) waves battered the vessel. At the time of the sinking, 39 people were on the boat: 17 Chinese nationals, 17 Indonesian nationals, and 5 Filipino nationals. So far, 16 dead bodies have been recovered.[175][176]

Storm names edit

Within the South-West Indian Ocean, tropical depressions and subtropical depressions that are judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph) by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center on Réunion island, France (RSMC La Réunion) are usually assigned a name. However, it is the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems. The Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Mauritius Meteorological Services) in Mauritius names a storm if it intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 55°E and 90°E. If instead a cyclone intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 30°E and 55°E then the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Meteo Madagascar) in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm. Storm names are taken from three pre-determined lists of names, which rotate on a triennial basis, with any names that have been used automatically removed. Therefore, all storm names used this year will be removed from the rotation and replaced with a new name for the 2025–26 season, while the unused names will remain on the list.[177] New names this season are: Ashley, Balita, Cheneso, Dingani, Enala, Fabien, Gezani, Horacio, Indusa and Juluka. They replaced Ambali, Belna, Calvinia, Diane, Esami, Francisco, Gabekile, Herold, Irondro and Jeruto during the 2019–20 season.[177] The name Enala was misspelled by Météo-France (MFR).

  • Ashley
  • Balita
  • Cheneso
  • Dingani
  • Enala
  • Fabien
  • Gezani (unused)
  • Horacio (unused)
  • Indusa (unused)
  • Juluka (unused)
  • Kundai (unused)
  • Lisebo (unused)
  • Michel (unused)
  • Nousra (unused)
  • Olivier (unused)
  • Pokera (unused)
  • Quincy (unused)
  • Rebaone (unused)
  • Salama (unused)
  • Tristan (unused)
  • Ursula (unused)
  • Violet (unused)
  • Wilson (unused)
  • Xila (unused)
  • Yekela (unused)
  • Zaina (unused)

If a tropical cyclone enters the South-West Indian basin from the Australian region basin (west of 90°E), it will retain the name assigned to it by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM). The following storms were named in this manner.[178]

After the season, the six names used were automatically retired and replaced with Awo, Blossom, Chenge, Dudzai, Ewetse, and Fytia, respectively for the 2025–26 season.[179] As a result of the major loss of life and damage in Malawi and surrounding countries, the name Freddy was removed from the rotating lists of Australian region cyclone names and will never be used to name a storm in that basin again. A replacement name is yet to be announced.[180]

Season effects edit

This table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2022–2023 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. Information on their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, primarily comes from RSMC La Réunion. Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2022 or 2023 USD.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Ashley 23 – 28 September Moderate tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Balita 3 – 9 October Moderate tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None None None
03 5 – 6 November Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None
Darian 21 – 30 December Very intense tropical cyclone 220 km/h (140 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) None None None
Cheneso 16 – 29 January Tropical cyclone 140 km/h (85 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Madagascar $20 million 33 [70]
Dingani 9 – 15 February Tropical cyclone 140 km/h (85 mph) 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) None None None
Freddy 14 February – 14 March Very intense tropical cyclone 230 km/h (145 mph) 927 hPa (27.37 inHg) Mascarene Islands, Madagascar, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi $655 million 1,434 [126]
Enala 19 – 28 February Tropical cyclone 120 km/h (75 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None
09 25 – 28 March Moderate tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None None None
Fabien 12 – 25 May Intense tropical cyclone 175 km/h (110 mph) 958 hPa (28.29 inHg) Diego Garcia None 16 [176]
Season aggregates
10 systems 23 September 2022 – 25 May 2023 230 km/h (145 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) $675 million >1,483

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2022-23 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season.
  • Météo-France La Réunion (in French)
    • Alternative website
  • Direction Générale de la Météorologie de Madagascar (in French)
  • Mauritius Meteorological Services
  • Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)

May 01, 2024
2022, south, west, indian, ocean, cyclone, season, deadliest, south, west, indian, cyclone, seasons, record, mostly, cyclone, freddy, officially, began, november, 2022, ended, april, 2023, with, exception, mauritius, seychelles, which, ended, 2023, these, date. The 2022 23 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the deadliest South West Indian cyclone seasons on record mostly due to Cyclone Freddy It officially began on 15 November 2022 and ended on 30 April 2023 with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles for which it ended on 15 May 2023 These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical and subtropical cyclones form in the basin which is west of 90 E and south of the Equator However tropical cyclones can form year round and all tropical cyclones that form between 1 July 2022 and 30 June 2023 will be part of the season Tropical and subtropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Reunion and unofficially by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2022 23 South West Indian Ocean cyclone seasonSeason summary mapSeasonal boundariesFirst system formed23 September 2022Last system dissipated25 May 2023Strongest stormBy maximum sustained windsFreddy Maximum winds230 km h 145 mph 10 minute sustained Lowest pressure927 hPa mbar By central pressureDarian Maximum winds220 km h 140 mph 10 minute sustained Lowest pressure920 hPa mbar Seasonal statisticsTotal disturbances10Total depressions10Total storms9Tropical cyclones6Intense tropical cyclones3Very intense tropical cyclones2Total fatalities gt 1 483 total Second deadliest South West Indian Ocean cyclone season on record Total damage 675 million 2023 USD Related articles2022 23 Australian region cyclone season 2022 23 South Pacific cyclone seasonSouth West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons2020 21 2021 22 2022 23 2023 24 2024 25 The season was average in terms of the number of systems that formed with nine systems becoming at least moderate tropical storms and six reaching tropical cyclone strength Activity began early with the first two systems Ashley and Balita developing in September and October and ended late with Fabien in May The season featured Cyclone Freddy which became the longest lived tropical cyclone on record beating the previous record of Hurricane John in 1994 and also had the highest accumulated cyclone energy ACE of any tropical cyclone on record worldwide surpassing Hurricane Ioke in 2006 In addition Freddy is the only known tropical cyclone to achieve seven separate rapid intensification cycles The most intense system of the season was Cyclone Darian In the month of January Cyclone Cheneso brought flooding and strong winds to Madagascar In May Cyclone Fabien formed close to the equator and became the latest intense tropical cyclone in the satellite era surpassing Cyclone Billy Lila of 1986 by six days Tropical cyclones during this season collectively caused at least 1 483 deaths and more than 675 million in damage Contents 1 Seasonal forecasts 2 Seasonal summary 3 Systems 3 1 Moderate Tropical Storm Ashley 3 2 Moderate Tropical Storm Balita 3 3 Tropical Depression 03 3 4 Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Darian 3 5 Tropical Cyclone Cheneso 3 6 Tropical Cyclone Dingani 3 7 Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Freddy 3 8 Tropical Cyclone Enala 3 9 Moderate Tropical Storm 09 3 10 Intense Tropical Cyclone Fabien 4 Storm names 5 Season effects 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksSeasonal forecasts editSource Record Moderate TropicalStorm Very IntenseTropical Cyclone Record high 15 9 Record low 3 0 ForecastCenter Systems Mauritius Meteorological Services 11 9 tropical cyclones Meteo France 6 10 tropical cyclones ForecastCenter Chance ofabove average Meteo France 30 60 10 Source Seasonal Outlook for Tropical Cyclones 1 2 In October 2022 Meteo France issued its seasonal forecast of cyclone activity for the basin The MFR predicted a season that was slightly below average to average citing the effects of a La Nina event The MFR placed chances of a below average season at 60 Average cyclone activity was given a 30 chance and an above average level of activity was given a 10 chance The season in the South West Indian Ocean was expected to be near to below average with 6 10 systems of moderate tropical storm intensity or higher 2 The Mauritius Meteorological Services MMS released their summer 2022 23 outlooks An average season with around eleven to nine cyclones forming was expected 1 The MMS indicated that the eastern part of the basin would present more favorable conditions for cyclogenesis in the first half of summer and the western part of the basin would become more conducive to storm formation during the second half of summer 1 Seasonal summary edit nbsp Cyclone Freddy left nearing Madagascar and the tropical depression which later developed into Cyclone Enala right over the open Indian Ocean on 21 February The season began early with a weak tropical low being produced on 22 September 3 Improving conditions over the next three days allowed the development of the system which strengthened into Moderate Tropical Storm Ashley on 27 September 4 5 The system slowly moved westward and weakened into a remnant low on 30 September 6 Pre season activity continued with a disturbance being produced as a result of a westerly wind burst 7 8 Another storm formed on 6 October and was named Balita on 8 October 9 In November 2022 Tropical Low 02U reclassified the system as Tropical Depression 03 entered the basin and degenerated into a remnant low by the next day 10 11 In December Cyclone Darian classified as a very intense tropical cyclone entered the basin before gradually weakening 12 In January 2023 a new disturbance became a tropical depression and was later named Cheneso The cyclone strengthened to severe tropical storm status before making landfall over Madagascar on 19 January 13 It re intensified to Cyclone Cheneso after moving southwestwards as an overland depression status It was last noted as a subtropical depression on 29 January In February 2023 Tropical Low 11U from the Australian region moved into this basin where it was classified as Moderate Tropical Storm Dingani Although initially struggling to intensify due to wind shear it gradually intensified and eventually reached tropical cyclone status before moving southwestwards and dissipated Cyclone Freddy moved the Australian area and reached this region where MFR immediately classed it as a tropical cyclone status It subsequently strengthened into a very intense tropical cyclone status Freddy later intensified into a Category 5 tropical cyclone before making landfall over Madagascar It weakened as it crossed the Mozambique Channel but it re intensified to severe tropical storm status before making landfall in Mozambique it unexpectedly reappeared in the Mozambique Channel It was upgraded to tropical cyclone status It weakened but began to re strengthen when it approached Mozambique the storm gradually deteriorated and last noted on 14 March Another tropical depression formed and strengthened into Moderate Tropical Storm Enala which subsequently evolved into a tropical cyclone and last occurred on 28 February Another period of inactivity then ensued until a Moderate Tropical Storm 09 formed and dissipated quickly In May Fabien formed close to the equator and became an intense tropical cyclone which was unusually strong this late in the season before encountering increasing wind shear Systems editModerate Tropical Storm Ashley edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration23 September 28 SeptemberPeak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 1000 hPa mbar See also List of off season South West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones On 22 September a near equatorial trough produced a weak tropical low in the Indian Ocean initially expected by MFR to not form due to upper wind shear 3 Environmental conditions improved over the next 3 days 4 and the low organized enough to become the first tropical depression of the season by 26 September 14 Early the next day the JTWC subsequently designated the storm as Tropical Cyclone 02S citing a scatterometer pass indicating tropical storm force winds in its western and eastern semicircles 15 The MFR also upgraded the system into a moderate tropical storm and the Mauritius Meteorological Services MMS named it Ashley 16 5 The system then reached peak intensity with 10 minute sustained winds of 75 km h 45 mph 5 before succumbing to strong northeasterly shear and significant dry air intrusions late on the same day prompting the JTWC to issue their final advisory on Ashley 17 The MFR terminated advisories by 06 00 UTC on 28 September as Ashley weakened into a remnant low 6 but continued to track the storm until it was last noted on 30 September as a dissipating low 18 Moderate Tropical Storm Balita edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration3 October 9 OctoberPeak intensity65 km h 40 mph 10 min 996 hPa mbar See also List of off season South West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones On 2 October the MFR began to monitor a disturbance associated with the convergence of the westerly wind burst 7 However convective activity was located in the low level convergences 19 Later the next day the JTWC began monitoring an area of convection 20 Satellite images indicated that the low level cloud lines wrapping into the low level center 21 Early on 5 October the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on the system 22 The JTWC subsequently initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 03S at 03 00 UTC on 6 October 23 By 06 00 UTC the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression 24 An ASCAT pass featured below gale force winds on its southern quadrant 25 Despite moderate northeasterly wind shear convection increased around the system 26 The MFR further upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm at 00 00 UTC on 8 October with the name Balita from the MMS 27 9 Microwave imagery revealed that Balita had improved its convective structure 28 At 06 00 UTC on 9 October Balita s structure became elongated and asymmetrical prompting MFR to reclassify the storm as a post tropical depression 29 30 Later that same day the MFR ceased advisories and the JTWC followed suit 31 The remnants fully dissipated on 13 October 32 Tropical Depression 03 edit Tropical depression MFR nbsp nbsp Duration5 November Entered basin 6 NovemberPeak intensity55 km h 35 mph 10 min 1008 hPa mbar On 5 November Tropical Low 02U that was being monitored by the MFR crossed into the South West Indian Ocean basin from the Australian region 10 At the time there was no more convection associated only a low level vortex 10 Thunderstorm activity has resumed in the southern part of the system in the last few hours 10 Upon entering the basin the JTWC ceased advisories by 09 00 UTC that day 33 The MFR s reclassified the system as Tropical Depression 03 11 Environmental conditions were assessed as being marginally conducive for tropical cyclogenesis with low vertical wind shear and moderate equatorial outflow 34 At 06 00 UTC on 6 November the MFR s issued their last warning as the system degenerated into a remnant low 8 Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Darian edit Very intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 4 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration21 December Entered basin 30 DecemberPeak intensity220 km h 140 mph 10 min 920 hPa mbar On 21 December Severe Tropical Cyclone Darian moved into the basin from the Australian region and was immediately classified as a very intense tropical cyclone by MFR 12 Darian exhibited a highly symmetrical cloud structure around a well defined eye 35 Shortly afterward Darian s cloud pattern deteriorated and its eye started to become less defined causing the cyclone to weaken to an intense tropical cyclone by 18 00 UTC 36 Darian weakened to a Category 3 equivalent cyclone the next day as the convective cloud tops had warmed slightly 37 Darian s then weakened due to strong wind shear and was downgraded into a tropical cyclone 38 With a well defined eye and impressive appearance on satellite imagery Darian re intensified reaching 10 minute maximum sustained winds of 165 km h 105 mph around 06 00 UTC on 23 December 39 The cyclone was highly compact with a distinct eye surrounded by cold cloud tops 40 Around the same time the JTWC s also assessed Darian as having 1 minute maximum sustained winds of 240 km h 150 mph making the storm a Category 4 equivalent cyclone again on the Saffir Simpson scale SSHWS 41 Darian became quasi stationary due to the presence of two main flows 42 The cyclone s eye can be seen from satellite imagery and its cloud tops warmed to 99 to 108 F 73 to 78 C 43 Steady weakening occurred thereafter as it underwent an eyewall replacement cycle 44 Multispectral animated satellite imagery revealed a 8 nautical miles 15 km 9 2 mi surrounded eye around deep convection as a result the cyclone weakened to Category 2 equivalent cyclone 45 Further weakening occurred as the MFR assessed that Darian s winds bottomed out at 155 km h 100 mph 46 At 03 00 UTC on 26 December the JTWC reported that Darian had re strengthened to 205 km h 125 mph with a warm 14 F 10 C a wide eye 25 nautical miles 46 km 29 mi and was surrounded by cold 98 to 116 F 72 to 82 C cloud tops 47 Using the Dvorak technique MFR estimated winds of 185 km h 115 mph 48 49 Due to moderate east northeasterly vertical wind shear Darian fell to 155 km h 100 mph winds according to MFR 50 Just six hours later the eye feature persisted consisting of a warm area within the cooling eyewall 51 At 15 00 UTC on 27 December the JTWC further downgraded it to a Category 1 equivalent cyclone 52 Satellite imagery showed that the cloud pattern began to rapidly deteriorate and MFR followed suit and declared it a severe tropical storm 53 The JTWC also reported that Darian s weakened into a tropical storm 54 By 00 00 UTC on 29 December Darian weakened into a moderate tropical storm after the convection diminished around the center 55 MFR issued its last advisory on the storm on 30 December as it transitioned into a post tropical depression 56 The JTWC also discontinued warnings on the system around 03 00 UTC on 31 December 57 Tropical Cyclone Cheneso edit Tropical cyclone MFR Category 2 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration16 January 29 JanuaryPeak intensity140 km h 85 mph 10 min 965 hPa mbar Main article Cyclone Cheneso Cheneso formed on 16 January to the south of Diego Garcia 58 The system meandered southwestward becoming a tropical disturbance on 18 January 59 By late the next day the system had intensified into Moderate Tropical Storm Cheneso and the JTWC classified it as Tropical Cyclone 08S 60 13 Satellite imagery showed that a central dense overcast CDO was obscuring the low level circulation center LLCC and Cheneso intensified further into a severe tropical storm 61 62 The cyclone moved ashore in northern Madagascar on 17 January and quickly weakened as it crossed the country 63 64 It emerged into the Mozambique Channel as a weak tropical disturbance 65 Cheneso again reached open waters and briefly re intensified into a tropical cyclone 66 By 06 00 UTC on 29 January Cheneso structure became poorly organized prompting MFR to reclassify the storm as a post tropical depression 67 The JTWC discontinued warnings on the system around 03 00 UTC on 30 January 68 Authorities issued an alert of heavy rain in the country posing an imminent risk of flooding and landslides 69 The National Bureau of Risk and Disaster Management BNGRC reported 90 870 affected people and 34 100 were displaced 70 Overall the cyclone was responsible for 33 deaths and 20 others missing 70 Damage from the storm is estimated to exceed 20 million 71 Tropical Cyclone Dingani edit Tropical cyclone MFR Category 2 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration9 February Entered basin 15 FebruaryPeak intensity140 km h 85 mph 10 min 971 hPa mbar On 9 February Tropical Low 11U from the Australian region entered the basin and was designated as Moderate Tropical Storm Dingani 72 By 03 00 UTC the JTWC issued a TCFA after noting persistent deep convection within its southern quadrant 73 Later that day the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 13S 74 The storm had a broad and fully exposed LCC but was struggling due to northeasterly vertical windshear 75 76 By 00 00 UTC on 11 February as convection maintained near the center the MFR upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm 77 Later the next day Dingani had rapidly consolidated as it formed a 20 km 12 mi diameter eye including a significant improved convective structure the JTWC s assessed the storm to have strengthened into 140 km h 85 mph of winds 78 Dingani continued to intensify and soon became a tropical cyclone 79 Twelve hours later the cyclone maintained a well defined eye 80 However shear began impacting the storm causing the eye to disappear 81 By 00 00 UTC on 14 February Dingani weakened back into a severe tropical storm 82 The JTWC also reported that Dingani s weakened into a tropical storm 83 Later the next day Dingani later transitioned into a post tropical depression 84 The system was poorly organized with a high wind shear environment and the JTWC issued a final warning on the system on 16 February 85 Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Freddy edit Very intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 5 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration14 February Entered basin 14 MarchPeak intensity230 km h 145 mph 10 min 927 hPa mbar Main article Cyclone Freddy See also Meteorological history of Cyclone Freddy and Humanitarian response to Cyclone Freddy On 14 February Severe Tropical Cyclone Freddy moved into the basin from the Australian region and was classified as a tropical cyclone 86 The agency later upgraded the system to an intense tropical cyclone 87 Freddy s structure began to improve as an eye feature was becoming visible in a small central dense overcast 88 Freddy then began to exhibit some annular characteristics before re intensifying and reaching 1 minute maximum sustained winds of 220 km h 140 mph around 03 00 UTC on 15 February 89 The JTWC noted that Freddy had a small symmetric 8 km 5 0 mi eye 90 Later that next day Freddy had become a Category 5 equivalent tropical cyclone with sustained winds of 270 km h 165 mph 91 92 During 19 February the storm weakened slightly then intensified once again and was reclassified as a very intense tropical cyclone by MFR 93 94 By 00 00 UTC on 20 February Freddy s cloud pattern slightly deteriorated causing the cyclone to weaken to an intense tropical cyclone 95 During the next day Freddy made its first landfall Mananjary Madagascar 96 Freddy had degenerated into an overland depression 97 Freddy substantially weakened as it traversed the mountainous terrain of Madagascar 98 Freddy rapidly weakened overland but re attained severe tropical storm on 23 February after moving over the Mozambique Channel 99 Soon afterward Freddy made second landfall south of Vilankulos Mozambique 100 When Freddy re emerged into the Mozambique Channel MFR resumed advisories on the system as tropical disturbance on 2 March 101 Satellite imagery showed that an ill defined eye was visible and Freddy intensified further into a tropical cyclone 102 103 Freddy rapidly weakened as a result of the presence of higher wind shear as well as dry air intrusion 104 Later that next day the storm weakened to 110 km h 70 mph 104 The JTWC and MFR indicated that Freddy strengthened into 120 km h 75 mph 105 106 Freddy made its final landfall on Quelimane Zambezia Province Mozambique 107 108 Freddy gradually degraded and MFR ceased monitoring it as an overland depression on 13 March 109 110 Once inland MFR ceased monitoring it as a tropical cyclone on 14 March 111 112 In anticipation of Freddy MFR issued a cyclone yellow pre alert for the island of Reunion 113 Freddy passed within 200 km 120 mi of the Mauritian just north of Grand Bay producing wind gusts on the island at Port Louis up to 104 km h 65 mph 114 115 116 Freddy impacted Reunion with its effects being relatively limited 117 118 119 At least 20 000 people were displaced in Malawi 120 121 President of Malawi Lazarus Chakwera declared a state of disaster in the southern regions 122 123 The power utility had turned off the electricity completely as a precaution against the cyclone in Mozambique 124 All flights were suspended due to the inclement weather brought by Freddy 125 At least 1 434 persons were killed overall by the storm including 537 who are still missing and assumed dead in Malawi 198 in Mozambique 17 in Madagascar 2 in Zimbabwe and one in Mauritius 126 Total damages are estimated to reach 655 million making it the second costliest cyclone in the south west Indian Ocean after Cyclone Idai in 2019 71 Tropical Cyclone Enala edit Tropical cyclone MFR Category 1 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration19 February 28 FebruaryPeak intensity120 km h 75 mph 10 min 980 hPa mbar On 18 February the MFR began monitoring a clockwise circulation located in the far northeastern corner of the basin west northwest of the Cocos Islands 127 On the following day it was classified as a zone of disturbed weather by the MFR 128 Convection had accelerated and was near to the circulation s center 129 During 22 February the system began to show signs of organization and the system gained sufficient organization noted by curved cloud bands to be classified as a tropical depression 130 Later that day the JTWC issued a TCFA on the system 131 By 09 00 UTC that day the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 14S 132 The MFR further upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm with the name Enala from the MMS 133 Enala s cloud pattern slightly changed in the southwestern semicircle of the system 134 Enala strengthened into a Category 1 equivalent tropical cyclone on 23 February 135 MFR also upgraded the system into a severe tropical storm 136 The cyclone began to show an eye that was visible on satellite imagery 137 Enala intensified into tropical cyclone at 00 00 UTC on 24 February 138 Enala significantly weakened due to strong northwesterly wind shear prompting the MFR to downgrade the system back to 110 km h 70 mph 139 Later that next day the JTWC also reported that Enala had weakened into a tropical storm 140 Returning to vertical wind shear with winds of 20 25 km h 12 16 mph Enala was downgraded to moderate tropical storm status by the MFR 141 During 28 February while continuing to weaken both the MFR and JTWC ceased issuing advisories due to it initiating subtropical transition 142 143 Moderate Tropical Storm 09 edit Moderate tropical storm MFR nbsp nbsp Duration25 March 28 MarchPeak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 997 hPa mbar On 21 March a weak low pressure developed over the central Indian Ocean MFR initially estimated a very low chance of a tropical cyclone 144 During 25 March organization ensued with deep convection wrapping into its near center in the western and southern quadrants 145 The system began moving southwards and on the next day it was classified as a zone of disturbed weather 146 After meandering for several days the system began to take a more southerly track and at 06 00 UTC on 27 March it was upgraded to a tropical depression 147 Convective activity associated with the system eventually became limited and the system degenerated into a remnant low by 06 00 UTC on 28 March 148 During post storm analysis from the MFR the system was upgraded into a moderate tropical storm on 26 March although it remained unnamed 149 Intense Tropical Cyclone Fabien edit Intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 3 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration12 May 25 MayPeak intensity175 km h 110 mph 10 min 958 hPa mbar See also List of off season South West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones Lu Peng Yuan Yu sinking and List of tropical cyclones near the Equator The active phase of the Madden Julian oscillation MJO led to the MFR forecasting that a cyclonic circulation would form in the Indonesian region to the east of its area of responsibility AoR 150 This also aided the development of Cyclone Mocha north of the equator 151 Long range ensemble forecast guidance from the Global Forecast System GFS and the Integrated Forecast System IFS suggested the possibility of a storm forming 152 A low pressure developed within the western part extending across the equator on 8 May 153 154 155 The system began to organize with deep convection obscuring its LLCC 156 During 13 May the system had consolidated into a tropical disturbance 157 Later the same day the JTWC issued a TCFA on the system 158 Later the next day cloud pattern continued to improve with its CDO and the system organized into a tropical depression 159 The depression strengthened and became a Moderate Tropical Storm assigning the name Fabien 160 The JTWC subsequently classified it as Tropical Cyclone 19S 161 Operationally the MFR estimated winds of 75 km h 45 mph but reevaluation of ASCAT the MFR revised the estimated to 95 km h 60 mph causing the system to become a severe tropical storm 162 The storm had an intense band of intense deep convection wrapping over the LLCC and as a result Fabien strengthened into a Category 1 equivalent tropical cyclone 163 Fabien began showing an eye structure seen in microwave imaging with Fabien later becoming a tropical cyclone 164 With a solid eyewall of deep convection surrounding an eye the JTWC upgraded Fabien to a Category 2 equivalent cyclone at 15 00 UTC on 15 May estimating that the storm possessed 1 minute sustained winds of 155 km h 100 mph 165 Fabien organized into a very symmetric cyclone with an eye about 13 km 8 1 mi eye in diameter 166 As a result the JTWC upgraded Fabien to a Category 3 equivalent tropical cyclone 166 The MFR later upgraded Fabien into an intense tropical cyclone becoming the latest cyclone of that intensity in the satellite era surpassing Cyclone Billy Lila of 1986 by six days 167 168 Moderate wind shear started to affect the west and southwest parts of Fabien and its eyewall began to erode 169 Fabien weakened to tropical cyclone strength by 06 00 UTC on 17 May 169 Convection increased again and after the storm acquired a warm core MFR reported that Fabien s winds weakened to 110 km h 70 mph 170 Fabien steadily weakened as it began to advect dry air into its circulation deteriorating into a moderate tropical storm 171 The MFR and JTWC determined Fabien degenerated into a remnant low and the last advisory was issued on 21 May 172 173 Around 19 00 UTC on 15 May 174 a Chinese fishing boat the Lu Pen Yuan Yu capsized as 7 m 23 ft waves battered the vessel At the time of the sinking 39 people were on the boat 17 Chinese nationals 17 Indonesian nationals and 5 Filipino nationals So far 16 dead bodies have been recovered 175 176 Storm names editWithin the South West Indian Ocean tropical depressions and subtropical depressions that are judged to have 10 minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km h 40 mph by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center on Reunion island France RSMC La Reunion are usually assigned a name However it is the Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems The Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center Mauritius Meteorological Services in Mauritius names a storm if it intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 55 E and 90 E If instead a cyclone intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 30 E and 55 E then the Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center Meteo Madagascar in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm Storm names are taken from three pre determined lists of names which rotate on a triennial basis with any names that have been used automatically removed Therefore all storm names used this year will be removed from the rotation and replaced with a new name for the 2025 26 season while the unused names will remain on the list 177 New names this season are Ashley Balita Cheneso Dingani Enala Fabien Gezani Horacio Indusa and Juluka They replaced Ambali Belna Calvinia Diane Esami Francisco Gabekile Herold Irondro and Jeruto during the 2019 20 season 177 The name Enala was misspelled by Meteo France MFR Ashley Balita Cheneso Dingani Enala Fabien Gezani unused Horacio unused Indusa unused Juluka unused Kundai unused Lisebo unused Michel unused Nousra unused Olivier unused Pokera unused Quincy unused Rebaone unused Salama unused Tristan unused Ursula unused Violet unused Wilson unused Xila unused Yekela unused Zaina unused If a tropical cyclone enters the South West Indian basin from the Australian region basin west of 90 E it will retain the name assigned to it by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology BoM The following storms were named in this manner 178 Darian Freddy After the season the six names used were automatically retired and replaced with Awo Blossom Chenge Dudzai Ewetse and Fytia respectively for the 2025 26 season 179 As a result of the major loss of life and damage in Malawi and surrounding countries the name Freddy was removed from the rotating lists of Australian region cyclone names and will never be used to name a storm in that basin again A replacement name is yet to be announced 180 Season effects editThis table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2022 2023 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season Information on their intensity duration name areas affected primarily comes from RSMC La Reunion Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2022 or 2023 USD Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage USD Deaths Refs Category Wind speed Pressure Ashley 23 28 September Moderate tropical storm 75 km h 45 mph 1000 hPa 29 53 inHg None None None Balita 3 9 October Moderate tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 996 hPa 29 41 inHg None None None 03 5 6 November Tropical depression 55 km h 35 mph 1008 hPa 29 77 inHg None None None Darian 21 30 December Very intense tropical cyclone 220 km h 140 mph 920 hPa 27 17 inHg None None None Cheneso 16 29 January Tropical cyclone 140 km h 85 mph 965 hPa 28 50 inHg Madagascar 20 million 33 70 Dingani 9 15 February Tropical cyclone 140 km h 85 mph 971 hPa 28 67 inHg None None None Freddy 14 February 14 March Very intense tropical cyclone 230 km h 145 mph 927 hPa 27 37 inHg Mascarene Islands Madagascar Mozambique Zimbabwe Malawi 655 million 1 434 126 Enala 19 28 February Tropical cyclone 120 km h 75 mph 980 hPa 28 94 inHg None None None 09 25 28 March Moderate tropical storm 75 km h 45 mph 997 hPa 29 44 inHg None None None Fabien 12 25 May Intense tropical cyclone 175 km h 110 mph 958 hPa 28 29 inHg Diego Garcia None 16 176 Season aggregates 10 systems 23 September 2022 25 May 2023 230 km h 145 mph 920 hPa 27 17 inHg 675 million gt 1 483See also edit nbsp Tropical cyclones portal Weather of 2022 and 2023 List of Southern Hemisphere cyclone seasons Tropical cyclones in 2022 and 2023 Atlantic hurricane seasons 2022 2023 Pacific hurricane seasons 2022 2023 Pacific typhoon seasons 2022 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons 2022 2023 2022 23 Australian region cyclone season 2022 23 South Pacific cyclone seasonReferences edit a b c Summer 2022 2023 Outlook for Mauritius and Rodrigues Mauritius Meteorological Services 29 October 2022 Archived from the original on 7 November 2022 Retrieved 29 October 2022 a b Prevision saisonniere d activite cyclonique dans le Sud Ouest de l ocean Indien Saison 2022 2023 Seasonal forecast of hurricane activity in the South West Indian Ocean Season 2022 2023 Meteo France 22 October 2022 Archived from the original on 7 November 2022 Retrieved 7 November 2022 a b Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 22 September 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 26 September 2022 Retrieved 26 September 2022 a b Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 25 September 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 26 September 2022 Retrieved 26 September 2022 a b c Moderate Tropical Storm 01 Ashley Warning Number 2 1 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 27 September 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 27 September 2022 Retrieved 27 September 2022 a b Remnant Low 01 Ashley Warning Number 6 1 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 28 September 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 28 September 2022 Retrieved 2 October 2022 a b Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 2 October 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 October 2022 Retrieved 2 October 2022 a b Remnant Low 03 Warning Number 3 3 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 6 November 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 November 2022 Retrieved 6 November 2022 a b Moderate Tropical Storm 02 Balita Warning Number 8 2 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 8 October 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 8 October 2022 Retrieved 8 October 2022 a b c d Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 5 November 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 5 November 2022 Retrieved 5 November 2022 a b Tropical Depression 03 Warning Number 1 3 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 5 November 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 November 2022 Retrieved 6 November 2022 a b Very Intense Tropical Cyclone 04 Darian Warning Number 2 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 21 December 2022 Archived from the original PDF on 21 December 2022 Retrieved 21 December 2022 a b Moderate Tropical Storm 05 Cheneso Warning Number 6 5 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 18 January 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 19 January 2023 Retrieved 18 January 2023 Tropical Depression 01 Warning Number 1 1 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 26 September 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 26 September 2022 Retrieved 26 September 2022 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Depression 02 Warning Number 3 2 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 6 October 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 October 2022 Retrieved 6 October 2022 Tropical Depression 02 Warning Number 4 2 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 7 October 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 7 October 2022 Retrieved 7 October 2022 Current Storm Cyclone Moderate Tropical Storm Balita Mauritius Meteorological Services 7 October 2022 Archived from the original on 8 October 2022 Retrieved 8 October 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 03S Balita Warning No 5 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 8 October 2022 Archived from the original on 8 October 2022 Retrieved 8 October 2022 Alt URL Post Tropical Depression 02 Balita Warning Number 13 2 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 9 October 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 9 October 2022 Retrieved 9 October 2022 Tropical Cyclone 03S Balita Warning No 8 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 9 October 2022 Archived from the 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Number 16 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 25 December 2022 Archived from the original PDF on 25 December 2022 Retrieved 25 December 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 05S Darian Warning No 18 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 26 December 2022 Archived from the original on 26 December 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2022 Intense Tropical Cyclone 04 Darian Warning Number 21 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 26 December 2022 Archived from the original PDF on 26 December 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2022 Intense Tropical Cyclone 04 Darian Warning Number 22 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 26 December 2022 Archived from the original PDF on 27 December 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2022 Tropical Cyclone 04 Darian Warning Number 23 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 26 December 2022 Archived from the original PDF on 27 December 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2022 Tropical Cyclone 04 Darian Warning Number 25 4 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 26 December 2022 Archived from 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January 2023 Archived from the original on 19 January 2023 Retrieved 18 January 2023 Tropical Cyclone 08S Cheneso Warning No 4 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 17 January 2023 Archived from the original on 19 January 2023 Retrieved 17 January 2023 Overland Depression 05 Cheneso Warning Number 14 5 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 20 January 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 21 January 2023 Retrieved 20 January 2023 Overland Depression 05 Cheneso Warning Number 15 5 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 23 January 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 23 January 2023 Retrieved 23 January 2023 Tropical Cyclone Cheneso 05 Cheneso Warning Number 24 5 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 25 January 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 25 January 2023 Retrieved 24 January 2023 Post Tropical Depression 05 Ex Cheneso Warning Number 39 5 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 29 January 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 29 January 2023 Retrieved 29 January 2023 Tropical Cyclone 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20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 12 February 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 14 February 2023 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 13S Dingani Warning No 8 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 12 February 2023 Archived from the original on 13 February 2023 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Tropical Cyclone 06 Dingani Warning Number 19 6 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 13 February 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 14 February 2023 Retrieved 13 February 2023 Severe Tropical Storm 06 Dingani Warning Number 20 6 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 14 February 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 15 February 2023 Retrieved 14 February 2023 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 13S Dingani Warning No 11 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 14 February 2023 Archived from the original on 9 February 2023 Retrieved 14 February 2023 Alt URL Post Tropical Depression 06 Ex Dingani Warning Number 25 6 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 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February 2023 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone 11S Freddy Warning No 27 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 12 February 2023 Archived from the original on 9 February 2023 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Alt URL JTWC Best Track on Tropical Cyclone Freddy 11S National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Archived from the original on 6 February 2023 Retrieved 17 February 2023 Cappucci Matthew Cyclone Freddy teeters on brink of Category 5 strength in Indian Ocean Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Archived from the original on 17 February 2023 Retrieved 17 February 2023 Tropical Cyclone 11S Freddy Warning No 32 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 18 February 2023 Archived from the original on 9 February 2023 Retrieved 18 February 2023 Alt URL Very Intense Tropical Cyclone 07 Freddy Warning Number 19 7 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 19 February 2023 Archived from the original PDF on 19 February 2023 Retrieved 19 February 2023 Intense Tropical Cyclone 07 Freddy Warning Number 23 7 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 20 February 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 21 February 2023 Retrieved 20 February 2023 Cyclone Freddy Moving Across Madagascar Then A Flood Danger For Mozambique www wunderground com Archived from the original on 22 February 2023 Retrieved 22 February 2023 Overland Depression 07 Freddy Warning Number 30 7 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 21 February 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 22 February 2023 Retrieved 21 February 2023 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 11S Freddy Warning No 39 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 22 February 2023 Archived from the original on 6 February 2023 Retrieved 22 February 2023 Alt URL Severe Tropical Storm 07 Freddy Warning Number 37 7 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 23 February 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 24 February 2023 Retrieved 23 February 2023 Moderate Tropical Storm 07 Freddy Warning Number 41 7 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 24 February 2023 Archived PDF from 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lives in Manicaland Zimbabwe Situation 28 February 2023 Archived from the original on 28 February 2023 Retrieved 28 February 2023 Saison cyclonique La Reunion entre en pre alerte jaune cyclonique a partir de 19h Linfo re Archived from the original on 18 February 2023 Retrieved 18 February 2023 Heavy rains hit Mauritius as cyclone Freddy passes closest to archipelago Africanews Agence France Presse 20 February 2023 Archived from the original on 21 February 2023 Retrieved 21 February 2023 Latest Weather Data Mauritius Meteorological Service 21 February 2023 Archived from the original on 21 February 2023 Retrieved 21 February 2023 Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters EM DAT The Emergency Events Database Universite catholique de Louvain Cyclone Freddy 11 sites mobiles du reseau Orange endommages les equipes techniques mobilisees pour resoudre le probleme Linfo re in French 21 February 2023 Archived from the original on 21 February 2023 Retrieved 21 February 2023 Cyclone Freddy 16 000 clients ont pu etre realimentes 500 autres toujours prives d electricite Linfo re in French 21 February 2023 Archived from the original on 21 February 2023 Retrieved 21 February 2023 Taiwanese Fishing Vessel Disappears With Its Sixteen Crew Members Le Matinal 26 February 2023 Archived from the original on 16 March 2023 Retrieved 16 March 2023 Jegwa Peter Ross Will 14 March 2023 Storm Freddy Malawi declares state of disaster as nearly 200 killed BBC Archived from the original on 13 March 2023 Retrieved 14 March 2023 Cyclone Freddy returns killing 70 in Malawi Mozambique Africa World Ahram Online Archived from the original on 13 March 2023 Retrieved 13 March 2023 Floch Fabrice 27 February 2023 Maurice 16 marins disparaissent dans le naufrage d un navire taiwanais in French La Premiere Archived from the original on 27 February 2023 Retrieved 14 March 2023 Madagascar Malawi Mozambique Tropical Cyclone Freddy DG ECHO Daily Map 15 03 2023 PDF Report 15 March 2023 Archived PDF 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Archived from the original PDF on 13 May 2023 Retrieved 13 May 2023 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean 14Z 13 May 2023 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 13 May 2023 Archived from the original on 13 February 2018 Retrieved 13 May 2023 Alt URL Tropical Disturbance 10 Warning Number 01 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 13 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 13 May 2023 Retrieved 13 May 2023 Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 92S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 13 May 2023 Archived from the original on 13 May 2023 Retrieved 13 May 2023 Tropical Depression 10 Warning Number 04 10 20222023 Corrective PDF Report Meteo France 14 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 14 May 2023 Retrieved 14 May 2023 Moderate Tropical Storm 10 Fabien Warning Number 05 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 14 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 14 May 2023 Retrieved 14 May 2023 Tropical Cyclone 19S Fabien Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 14 May 2023 Archived from the original on 14 May 2023 Retrieved 14 May 2023 Severe Tropical Storm 10 Fabien Warning Number 08 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 15 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 15 May 2023 Retrieved 15 May 2023 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 19S Fabien Warning No 4 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 14 May 2023 Archived from the original on 15 May 2023 Retrieved 15 May 2023 Tropical Cyclone 10 Fabien Warning Number 10 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 15 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 15 May 2023 Retrieved 15 May 2023 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 19S Fabien Warning No 6 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 15 May 2023 Archived from the original on 15 May 2023 Retrieved 15 May 2023 Alt URL a b Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 19S Fabien Warning No 10 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 16 May 2023 Archived from the original on 16 May 2023 Retrieved 16 May 2023 Bulletin du 16 mai a 22h26 locales de La Reunion 21h26 locales de Mayotte Bulletin of May 16 at 10 26 p m local time in Reunion 9 26 p m local time in Mayotte in French Meteo France 16 May 2023 Archived from the original on 16 May 2023 Intense Tropical Storm 10 Fabien Warning Number 15 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 15 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 17 May 2023 Retrieved 16 May 2023 a b Tropical Cyclone 10 Fabien Warning Number 17 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 17 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 20 May 2023 Retrieved 17 May 2023 Severe Tropical Storm 10 Fabien Warning Number 20 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 18 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 21 May 2023 Retrieved 18 May 2023 Moderate Tropical Storm 10 Fabien Warning Number 21 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 18 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 21 May 2023 Retrieved 18 May 2023 Filling Up 10 Fabien Warning Number 34 10 20222023 PDF Report Meteo France 21 May 2023 Archived PDF from the original on 23 May 2023 Retrieved 18 May 2023 Tropical Cyclone 19S Fabien Warning No 27 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 21 May 2023 Archived from the original on 9 February 2023 Retrieved 21 May 2023 Alt URL Rescue efforts under way with more than 35 missing after Chinese fishing vessel capsizes France 24 17 May 2023 Retrieved 18 June 2023 Two bodies found in Chinese fishing vessel crew search in the Indian Ocean ABC News 18 May 2023 Archived from the original on 19 May 2023 Retrieved 27 May 2023 a b Sri Lanka Navy conducts risky diving operation at overturned Chinese fishing vessel in high seas Retrieved 26 May 2023 a b RA I Tropical Cyclone Committee 2023 Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South West Indian Ocean PDF Report World Meteorological Organization Tropical cyclone names Report Australian Bureau of Meteorology Archived from the original on 26 December 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2022 Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South West Indian Ocean Report World Meteorological Organization Retrieved 20 March 2024 Tropical cyclone names Report Australian Bureau of Meteorology Archived from the original on 28 October 2023 Retrieved 28 October 2023 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2022 23 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season Meteo France La Reunion in French Alternative website Direction Generale de la Meteorologie de Madagascar in French Mauritius Meteorological Services Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2022 23 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season amp oldid 1219610054, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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