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(528219) 2008 KV42

April 11, 2024

(528219) 2008 KV42 (provisional designation: 2008 KV42; nicknamed Drac)[3] is a trans-Neptunian object and the first one with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. This retrograde motion with an orbital inclination of 103° suggests that it is the missing link between its source in the Hills cloud and Halley-type comets, thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer Solar System. The object measures approximately 77 kilometers (48 miles) in diameter. With a semi-major axis of 42 AU, it takes about 269 years to complete an orbit around the Sun.

(528219) 2008 KV42
The orbit of 2008 KV42 is nearly perpendicular to the ecliptic
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered by
Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs.
Discovery date31 May 2008
Designations
(528219) 2008 KV42
2008 KV42 · Drac[3]
Orbital characteristics[4]
Epoch 1 July 2021 (JD 2459396.5)
Uncertainty parameter 3[4] · 1[1]
Observation arc12.20 yr (4,456 d)
Aphelion62.917 AU
Perihelion21.152 AU
42.035 AU
Eccentricity0.4968
272.53 yr (99,543 d)
341.23°
0° 0m 12.96s / day
Inclination103.41°
260.91°
132.61°
Uranus MOID4.26 AU[1]
TJupiter-1.0210
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
77 km (est. at 0.09)[6]
22.89[8]
8.8[1][4]

Officially discovered on 31 May 2008, the discovery was announced on 16 July 2008, by the Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman. The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 "Drac" after Count Dracula.

Discovery and naming edit

The discovery of 2008 KV42 was announced on 16 July 2008 by the Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman from the University of British Columbia.[9] The announcement was made during the "Asteroids, Comets, Meteors" meeting held in Baltimore, Maryland, followed by a Minor Planet Electronic Circular on the same day and an IAU Circular on 18 July. The discovery was made using images obtained on 31 May from the 3.5-meter Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, followed by further observations until 8 July from the Whipple Observatory and Cerro Tololo.[2][10]

The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 Drac because of its high inclination in reference to its orbital plane resembling Count Dracula's ability to walk on walls.[11]

Orbit edit

 
Orbits of 2008 KV42 and 2011 KT19

2008 KV42 is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. With a semi-major axis of 41.7 AU,[4] it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a perihelion at roughly the distance of Uranus.

The object's 103° inclination makes its almost perpendicular to the ecliptic, and is, as of July 2017, one of only six objects known to have inclination and perihelion larger than 60° and 15 AU, respectively. The other six are: 2002 XU93, 2007 BP102, 2010 WG9, 2011 KT19, and 2014 LM28.[12][13]

Its unusual orbit suggests that 2008 KV42 may have been perturbed inwards from its source, most likely in the Hills cloud, by an unknown gravitational disturbance. Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley-type comets which also have an retrograde orbit, but their origin remains unknown. 2008 KV42 itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet, thus helping to further explain the formation and evolution of the outer Solar System.[14][15][3]

Planet Nine edit

2008 KV42 may even provide evidence of Planet Nine.[16] The Kozai effect inside the mean-motion resonances with Planet Nine may cause a periodic exchange between its inclination and its eccentricity. When the elongated perpendicular centaurs get too close to a giant planet, orbits such as that of 2008 KV42 are created.[17]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e "528219 (2008 KV42)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  2. ^ a b "MPEC 2008-O02 : 2008 KV42". Minor Planet Center. 16 July 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Gladman, B.; Kavelaars, J.; Petit, J. -M.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Parker, J.; Coffey, J.; et al. (June 2009). "Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object". The Astrophysical Journal. 697 (2): L91–L94. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697L..91G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91. ISSN 0004-637X.
  4. ^ a b c d e "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 528219 (2008 KV42)" (2020-08-12 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  5. ^ "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 516977". Southwest Research Institute. Retrieved 31 July 2021.The Deep Ecliptic Survey Object Classifications
  6. ^ a b Johnston, Wm. Robert (18 August 2020). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  7. ^ Akimasa Nakamura and bas (2 May 2009). "List of Damocloids (Oort cloud asteroids)". Lowell Observatory. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  8. ^ "Asteroid (528219) 2008 KV42 –". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  9. ^ Hecht, Jeff (5 September 2008). "Distant object found orbiting Sun backwards". newscientist.com. New Scientist. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  10. ^ "Circular No. 8960". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 18 July 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  11. ^ O'Neill, Ian (5 September 2008). "Kuiper Belt Object Travelling the Wrong-Way in a One-Way Solar System". universetoday.com. Universe Today. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  12. ^ "MPC list of q>15 and i>60 (HiHq objects)". IAU Minor Planet Center. (a 7th object appears to be removed, 2010 TH192)
  13. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: i > 60 (deg) and q > 15 (AU)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  14. ^ . cfeps.net. Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey. 2008. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014.
  15. ^ . nrc.cnrc.gc.ca. National Research Council. 4 September 2008. Archived from the original on 25 December 2013.
  16. ^ Batygin, Konstantin; Brown, Michael E. (February 2016). "Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (2): 22. arXiv:1601.05438. Bibcode:2016AJ....151...22B. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/2/22. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 2701020. (called drac in reference)
  17. ^ Brown, Mike (12 February 2016). . www.findplanetnine.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016.

External links edit

  • (528219) 2008 KV42 at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
    • Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
  • (528219) 2008 KV42 at the JPL Small-Body Database  
    • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

April 11, 2024
528219, 2008, 528219, 2008, kv42, provisional, designation, 2008, kv42, nicknamed, drac, trans, neptunian, object, first, with, retrograde, orbit, discovered, this, retrograde, motion, with, orbital, inclination, suggests, that, missing, link, between, source,. 528219 2008 KV42 provisional designation 2008 KV42 nicknamed Drac 3 is a trans Neptunian object and the first one with a retrograde orbit to be discovered This retrograde motion with an orbital inclination of 103 suggests that it is the missing link between its source in the Hills cloud and Halley type comets thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer Solar System The object measures approximately 77 kilometers 48 miles in diameter With a semi major axis of 42 AU it takes about 269 years to complete an orbit around the Sun 528219 2008 KV42The orbit of 2008 KV42 is nearly perpendicular to the eclipticDiscovery 1 2 Discovered byCFEPS members B Gladman J J Kavelaars J M Petit all unofficial discoverers Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs Discovery date31 May 2008DesignationsMPC designation 528219 2008 KV42Alternative designations2008 KV42 Drac 3 Minor planet categoryTNO 4 centaur 5 6 damocloid 7 distant 1 Orbital characteristics 4 Epoch 1 July 2021 JD 2459396 5 Uncertainty parameter 3 4 1 1 Observation arc12 20 yr 4 456 d Aphelion62 917 AUPerihelion21 152 AUSemi major axis42 035 AUEccentricity0 4968Orbital period sidereal 272 53 yr 99 543 d Mean anomaly341 23 Mean motion0 0m 12 96s dayInclination103 41 Longitude of ascending node260 91 Argument of perihelion132 61 Uranus MOID4 26 AU 1 TJupiter 1 0210Physical characteristicsMean diameter77 km est at 0 09 6 Apparent magnitude22 89 8 Absolute magnitude H 8 8 1 4 Officially discovered on 31 May 2008 the discovery was announced on 16 July 2008 by the Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 Drac after Count Dracula Contents 1 Discovery and naming 2 Orbit 2 1 Planet Nine 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDiscovery and naming editThe discovery of 2008 KV42 was announced on 16 July 2008 by the Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman from the University of British Columbia 9 The announcement was made during the Asteroids Comets Meteors meeting held in Baltimore Maryland followed by a Minor Planet Electronic Circular on the same day and an IAU Circular on 18 July The discovery was made using images obtained on 31 May from the 3 5 meter Canada France Hawaii Telescope followed by further observations until 8 July from the Whipple Observatory and Cerro Tololo 2 10 The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV42 Drac because of its high inclination in reference to its orbital plane resembling Count Dracula s ability to walk on walls 11 Orbit edit nbsp Orbits of 2008 KV42 and 2011 KT192008 KV42 is the first trans Neptunian object TNO with a retrograde orbit to be discovered With a semi major axis of 41 7 AU 4 it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a perihelion at roughly the distance of Uranus The object s 103 inclination makes its almost perpendicular to the ecliptic and is as of July 2017 one of only six objects known to have inclination and perihelion larger than 60 and 15 AU respectively The other six are 2002 XU93 2007 BP102 2010 WG9 2011 KT19 and 2014 LM28 12 13 Its unusual orbit suggests that 2008 KV42 may have been perturbed inwards from its source most likely in the Hills cloud by an unknown gravitational disturbance Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley type comets which also have an retrograde orbit but their origin remains unknown 2008 KV42 itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet thus helping to further explain the formation and evolution of the outer Solar System 14 15 3 Planet Nine edit 2008 KV42 may even provide evidence of Planet Nine 16 The Kozai effect inside the mean motion resonances with Planet Nine may cause a periodic exchange between its inclination and its eccentricity When the elongated perpendicular centaurs get too close to a giant planet orbits such as that of 2008 KV42 are created 17 See also editList of trans Neptunian objects 471325 2011 KT19 Niku References edit a b c d e 528219 2008 KV42 Minor Planet Center Retrieved 30 July 2021 a b MPEC 2008 O02 2008 KV42 Minor Planet Center 16 July 2008 Retrieved 30 July 2021 a b c Gladman B Kavelaars J Petit J M Ashby M L N Parker J Coffey J et al June 2009 Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object The Astrophysical Journal 697 2 L91 L94 Bibcode 2009ApJ 697L 91G doi 10 1088 0004 637X 697 2 L91 ISSN 0004 637X a b c d e JPL Small Body Database Browser 528219 2008 KV42 2020 08 12 last obs Jet Propulsion Laboratory Retrieved 30 July 2021 Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 516977 Southwest Research Institute Retrieved 31 July 2021 The Deep Ecliptic Survey Object Classifications a b Johnston Wm Robert 18 August 2020 List of Known Trans Neptunian Objects Johnston s Archive Retrieved 31 July 2021 Akimasa Nakamura and bas 2 May 2009 List of Damocloids Oort cloud asteroids Lowell Observatory Retrieved 15 February 2017 Asteroid 528219 2008 KV42 AstDyS 2 Asteroids Dynamic Site Retrieved 30 July 2021 Hecht Jeff 5 September 2008 Distant object found orbiting Sun backwards newscientist com New Scientist Retrieved 30 July 2021 Circular No 8960 Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams 18 July 2008 Retrieved 30 July 2021 O Neill Ian 5 September 2008 Kuiper Belt Object Travelling the Wrong Way in a One Way Solar System universetoday com Universe Today Retrieved 30 July 2021 MPC list of q gt 15 and i gt 60 HiHq objects IAU Minor Planet Center a 7th object appears to be removed 2010 TH192 JPL Small Body Database Search Engine i gt 60 deg and q gt 15 AU JPL Solar System Dynamics Retrieved 29 May 2013 Discovery of the retrograde trans neptunian object 2008 KV42 cfeps net Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey 2008 Archived from the original on 30 July 2014 Announcements International Team of Astronomers Finds Missing Link nrc cnrc gc ca National Research Council 4 September 2008 Archived from the original on 25 December 2013 Batygin Konstantin Brown Michael E February 2016 Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System The Astronomical Journal 151 2 22 arXiv 1601 05438 Bibcode 2016AJ 151 22B doi 10 3847 0004 6256 151 2 22 ISSN 0004 6256 S2CID 2701020 called drac in reference Brown Mike 12 February 2016 Why I believe in Planet Nine www findplanetnine com Archived from the original on 14 February 2016 External links edit 528219 2008 KV42 at AstDyS 2 Asteroids Dynamic Site Ephemeris Observation prediction Orbital info Proper elements Observational info 528219 2008 KV42 at the JPL Small Body Database nbsp Close approach Discovery Ephemeris Orbit diagram Orbital elements Physical parameters Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 528219 2008 KV42 amp oldid 1195659438, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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