Alkylpyrazines are chemical compounds based on pyrazine with different substitution patterns. Some alkylpyrazines are naturally occurring highly aromatic substances which often have a very low odor threshold[1] and contribute to the taste and aroma of various foods including cocoa, baked goods, coffee and wines.[2][3] Alkylpyrazines are also formed during the cooking of some foods via Maillard reactions.[1]
2,6-Dimethylpyrazine is also used as flavor additive and odorant in foods such as cereals[6] and products such as cigarettes. It occurs naturally in baked potato, black or green tea, crispbread, French fries, malt, peated malt, raw asparagus, roasted barley, roasted filberts or pecans, squid, wheat bread, wild rice (Zizania aquatica), and wort.[6] It's also found in roasted sesame.[4] The chemical formula is C6H8N2.[6]
^ abSusan M. Fors; Bertil K. Olofsson (1985). "Alkylpyrazines, volatiles formed in the Maillard reaction. I. Determination of odour detection thresholds and odour intensity functions by dynamic olfactometry". Chemical Senses. 10 (3): 287–296. doi:10.1093/chemse/10.3.287.
^Zhao, Chao; Cao, Hui; Xiao, Jianbo (2020). "Pyrazines in Food". Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals. Springer: 1–25. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1745-3_44-1. ISBN978-981-13-1745-3.
^Mihara, Satoru; Masuda, Hideki (1988). "Structure-odor relationships for disubstituted pyrazines". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 36 (6): 1242–7. doi:10.1021/jf00084a029.
^ abcdShimoda, M.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Nakada, Y.; Wu, Y.; Osajima, Y. (1996). "Identification and Sensory Characterization of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Sesame Seed Oil". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 44 (12): 3909–3912. doi:10.1021/jf960115f.
^ abc"2,5-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE". PubChem Compound Database; CID=31252. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2017-01-21.
^ abc"2,6-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE". PubChem Compound Database; CID=7938. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2017-01-21.
^Effect of mass and turning time on free amino acid, peptide-N, sugar and pyrazine concentration during cocoa fermentation. P Hashim, J Selamat, S Muhammad, S Kharidah and A Ali, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1998, Volume 78, pages 543–550. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199812)78:4<543::AID-JSFA152>3.0.CO;2-2
January 01, 1970
alkylpyrazine, chemical, compounds, based, pyrazine, with, different, substitution, patterns, some, alkylpyrazines, naturally, occurring, highly, aromatic, substances, which, often, have, very, odor, threshold, contribute, taste, aroma, various, foods, includi. Alkylpyrazines are chemical compounds based on pyrazine with different substitution patterns Some alkylpyrazines are naturally occurring highly aromatic substances which often have a very low odor threshold 1 and contribute to the taste and aroma of various foods including cocoa baked goods coffee and wines 2 3 Alkylpyrazines are also formed during the cooking of some foods via Maillard reactions 1 Contents 1 Examples 1 1 2 Methylpyrazine 1 2 2 3 Dimethylpyrazine 1 3 2 5 Dimethylpyrazine 1 4 2 6 Dimethylpyrazine 1 5 2 3 5 6 Tetramethylpyrazine 2 See also 3 ReferencesExamples editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it April 2016 nbsp 2 Methylpyrazine found in roasted sesame nbsp 2 3 Dimethylpyrazine found in roasted sesame nbsp 2 5 Dimethylpyrazine asparagus tea crispbread malt shrimp soy squid Swiss cheese bread roasted sesame nbsp 2 3 5 6 Tetramethylpyrazine nattō fermented cocoa beans 2 Methylpyrazine edit 2 Methylpyrazine was the volatile odorant found at the highest concentration in roasted sesame seed oil 4 2 3 Dimethylpyrazine edit 2 3 Dimethylpyrazine is a component of the aroma of roasted sesame seeds 4 2 5 Dimethylpyrazine edit 2 5 Dimethylpyrazine is used as flavor additive and odorant in foods such as cereals 5 and products such as cigarettes It occurs naturally in asparagus black or green tea crispbread malt raw shrimp soya squid Swiss cheeses and wheat bread 5 It s also found in roasted sesame 4 The chemical formula is C6H8N2 5 2 6 Dimethylpyrazine edit 2 6 Dimethylpyrazine is also used as flavor additive and odorant in foods such as cereals 6 and products such as cigarettes It occurs naturally in baked potato black or green tea crispbread French fries malt peated malt raw asparagus roasted barley roasted filberts or pecans squid wheat bread wild rice Zizania aquatica and wort 6 It s also found in roasted sesame 4 The chemical formula is C6H8N2 6 2 3 5 6 Tetramethylpyrazine edit Main article Tetramethylpyrazine Tetramethylpyrazine ligustrazine is found in nattō and in fermented cocoa beans 7 See also editMethoxypyrazinesReferences edit a b Susan M Fors Bertil K Olofsson 1985 Alkylpyrazines volatiles formed in the Maillard reaction I Determination of odour detection thresholds and odour intensity functions by dynamic olfactometry Chemical Senses 10 3 287 296 doi 10 1093 chemse 10 3 287 Zhao Chao Cao Hui Xiao Jianbo 2020 Pyrazines in Food Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals Springer 1 25 doi 10 1007 978 981 13 1745 3 44 1 ISBN 978 981 13 1745 3 Mihara Satoru Masuda Hideki 1988 Structure odor relationships for disubstituted pyrazines Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 36 6 1242 7 doi 10 1021 jf00084a029 a b c d Shimoda M Shiratsuchi H Nakada Y Wu Y Osajima Y 1996 Identification and Sensory Characterization of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Sesame Seed Oil Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44 12 3909 3912 doi 10 1021 jf960115f a b c 2 5 DIMETHYLPYRAZINE PubChem Compound Database CID 31252 National Center for Biotechnology Information Retrieved 2017 01 21 a b c 2 6 DIMETHYLPYRAZINE PubChem Compound Database CID 7938 National Center for Biotechnology Information Retrieved 2017 01 21 Effect of mass and turning time on free amino acid peptide N sugar and pyrazine concentration during cocoa fermentation P Hashim J Selamat S Muhammad S Kharidah and A Ali Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1998 Volume 78 pages 543 550 doi 10 1002 SICI 1097 0010 199812 78 4 lt 543 AID JSFA152 gt 3 0 CO 2 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alkylpyrazine amp oldid 1188086859, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
