General elections were held in Kenya on 29 December 1992. Voters elected the President, and members of the National Assembly. They were the first multi-party general elections in Kenya since independence and the first to feature a direct vote for the President, who had, in 1964, been elected by the National Assembly, and, following a 1969 constitutional amendment, been automatically declared winner of non-held popular elections, held alongside parliamentary elections, in 1969, 1974, 1979, 1983, and 1988.
The results were marred by allegations of large-scale intimidation of opponents, harassment of election officials, and ballot-box stuffing, as well as targeted ethnic violence in the Rift Valley Province. Human Rights Watch accused several prominent Kenyan politicians, including President Daniel arap Moi and then-VP George Saitoti of inciting and co-ordinating the violence.[1] Voter turnout was 69.4%.[2][3]
In 1991, Kenya transitioned to a multiparty political system after 26 years of single-party rule under KANU. On 28 October 1992, president Moi dissolved parliament, five months before the end of his term. As a result, preparations began for all elective seats in parliament as well as the president. The elections were scheduled to take place on 7 December 1992, but delays led to its postponement to 29 December the same year.
In the aftermath of the election, Kenya suffered an economic crisis propagated by ethnic violence as the president was accused of rigging electoral results to retain power.[5] In the next five years, many political alliances were formed in preparation for the next elections. In 1994, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga died and several coalitions joined his FORD Kenya party to form a new party called United National Democratic Alliance. However, this party was plagued with disagreements. In 1996, KANU revised the constitution to allow Moi to remain president for another term.
In 1993 Kenneth Matiba filed a petition against the election results. However, his failure to personally sign the petition resulted in the petition being struck out by Justice Riaga Omolo. Matiba, was physically incapacitated and had given his wife power of attorney. In 2012, Justice Omolo was declared unfit to serve in the judiciary by the Judges and Magistrates Vetting Board over this decision.[6]
ReferencesEdit
^Human Rights Watch (1993), Divide and Rule: State Sponsored Ethnic Violence in Kenya
1992, kenyan, general, election, general, elections, were, held, kenya, december, 1992, voters, elected, president, members, national, assembly, they, were, first, multi, party, general, elections, kenya, since, independence, first, feature, direct, vote, pres. General elections were held in Kenya on 29 December 1992 Voters elected the President and members of the National Assembly They were the first multi party general elections in Kenya since independence and the first to feature a direct vote for the President who had in 1964 been elected by the National Assembly and following a 1969 constitutional amendment been automatically declared winner of non held popular elections held alongside parliamentary elections in 1969 1974 1979 1983 and 1988 1992 Kenyan general election 1988 29 December 1992 1992 12 29 1997 Presidential election Nominee Daniel arap Moi Kenneth MatibaParty KANU FORD AsiliPopular vote 1 962 866 1 404 266Percentage 36 35 26 00 Nominee Mwai Kibaki Jaramogi Oginga OdingaParty Democratic FORD KPopular vote 1 050 617 944 197Percentage 19 45 17 48 President before electionDaniel arap MoiKenya African National Union Elected President Daniel arap MoiKANUParliamentary electionParty Leader SeatsKANU Daniel Arap Moi 100FORD Asili Kenneth Matiba 31Democratic Mwai Kibaki 23FORD Kenya Jaramogi Oginga Odinga 31KNC Chibule wa Tsuma 1PICK John Harun Mwau 1KSC George Anyona 1Speaker of the National Assembly before Speaker of the National Assembly afterJonathan Kimetet arap Ng enoKANU Francis ole KaparoKANUThe results were marred by allegations of large scale intimidation of opponents harassment of election officials and ballot box stuffing as well as targeted ethnic violence in the Rift Valley Province Human Rights Watch accused several prominent Kenyan politicians including President Daniel arap Moi and then VP George Saitoti of inciting and co ordinating the violence 1 Voter turnout was 69 4 2 3 Contents 1 Background 2 Results 2 1 President 2 2 By province 2 3 National Assembly 3 Aftermath 4 ReferencesBackground EditIn 1991 Kenya transitioned to a multiparty political system after 26 years of single party rule under KANU On 28 October 1992 president Moi dissolved parliament five months before the end of his term As a result preparations began for all elective seats in parliament as well as the president The elections were scheduled to take place on 7 December 1992 but delays led to its postponement to 29 December the same year Results EditPresident Edit CandidatePartyVotes Daniel arap MoiKenya African National Union1 962 86636 35Kenneth MatibaFORD Asili1 404 26626 00Mwai KibakiDemocratic Party1 050 61719 45Jaramogi Oginga OdingaFORD Kenya944 19717 48George AnyonaKenya Social Congress14 2730 26Chibule wa TsumaKenya National Congress10 2210 19John Harun MwauParty of Independent Candidates of Kenya8 1180 15David Mukaru Ng ang aKenya National Democratic Alliance5 7660 11Total5 400 324100 00Source African Elections DatabaseBy province Edit Province Moi Matiba Kibaki Odinga Others TotalVotes Votes Votes Votes Votes Central 21 918 2 1 630 194 60 4 373 147 35 8 10 668 1 0 6 945 0 7 1 042 872Coast 188 296 62 1 33 399 11 0 32 201 10 6 42 796 14 1 6 653 2 2 303 345Eastern 290 372 37 0 79 436 10 1 392 481 50 0 13 673 1 7 8 819 1 1 784 781North Eastern 46 420 74 8 7 188 11 6 3 259 5 3 5 084 8 2 73 0 1 62 024Nairobi 62 410 16 6 165 553 44 1 69 715 18 6 75 888 20 2 1 944 0 5 375 510Nyanza 117 554 15 2 10 299 1 3 51 998 6 7 581 490 75 4 9 807 1 3 771 148Rift Valley 981 488 71 5 214 727 15 6 98 302 7 2 75 465 5 5 3 535 0 3 1 373 517Western 219 187 39 3 214 060 38 4 14 404 2 6 98 822 17 7 10 846 1 9 557 319Total 1 927 645 36 6 1 354 856 25 7 1 035 507 19 6 903 886 17 1 48 622 0 9 5 270 516Source Nohlen et al National Assembly Edit Following the elections Moi nominated a further 12 KANU members to the National Assembly 4 PartySeatsKenya African National Union100FORD Asili31Democratic Party23FORD Kenya31Kenya National Congress1Party of Independent Candidates of Kenya1Kenya Social Congress1Kenya National Democratic Alliance0Social Democratic Party0Appointed members12Total200Source Nohlen et al Aftermath EditIn the aftermath of the election Kenya suffered an economic crisis propagated by ethnic violence as the president was accused of rigging electoral results to retain power 5 In the next five years many political alliances were formed in preparation for the next elections In 1994 Jaramogi Oginga Odinga died and several coalitions joined his FORD Kenya party to form a new party called United National Democratic Alliance However this party was plagued with disagreements In 1996 KANU revised the constitution to allow Moi to remain president for another term In 1993 Kenneth Matiba filed a petition against the election results However his failure to personally sign the petition resulted in the petition being struck out by Justice Riaga Omolo Matiba was physically incapacitated and had given his wife power of attorney In 2012 Justice Omolo was declared unfit to serve in the judiciary by the Judges and Magistrates Vetting Board over this decision 6 References Edit Human Rights Watch 1993 Divide and Rule State Sponsored Ethnic Violence in Kenya Elections held in 1992 Inter Parliamentary Union Dieter Nohlen Michael Krennerich amp Bernhard Thibaut 1999 Elections in Africa A data handbook p486 ISBN 0 19 829645 2 Elections in Kenya African Elections Database Keith Kyle 1999 Politics of the independence of Kenya Macmillan ISBN 978 0333720080 OCLC 795968156 Why this election may be won in courts The Star 12 January 2013 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1992 Kenyan general election amp oldid 1169006592, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
