Labour was re-elected in the 1987 election with its parliamentary majority untouched, but the internal disputes continued. Eventually Lange forced Douglas to resign in December 1988, but continued destabilisation of his leadership by Douglas had weakened Lange's position such that he resigned eight months later. He was replaced as Prime Minister by Geoffrey Palmer, but Palmer failed to revive Labour's falling popularity. Several months before the election, Palmer was replaced by Mike Moore. The National Party was performing strongly — its leader, Jim Bolger, spoke repeatedly of "the Decent Society", saying that the reforms were doing significant damage to the social fabric of the country. The government was also being challenged by the NewLabour Party, founded by renegade MP Jim Anderton.
MPs retiring in 1990
Five National MPs and eleven Labour MPs intended to retire at the end of the 42nd Parliament.
The date for the 1990 election was 27 October. 2,202,157 people were registered to vote, and 85.2% of these people turned out. The number of seats being contested was 97 — this was the same as in the previous election, which had the largest number of seats for any Parliament until that point.
Summary of results
The 1990 election eventually saw a victory for the National Party, then in opposition. National won nearly half (48%) of the vote and 67 (69%) of the seats, becoming the fourth National government. This was the highest number of seats the party had ever won, either in absolute terms or as a percentage. Four new (and young) National MPs: (Bill English, Tony Ryall, Roger Sowry and Nick Smith) were called the "brat pack" by Sir Robert Muldoon (himself one of the "Young Turks" of 1960).[1]
The new Green Party gained the third-highest number of votes, but won no seats. The NewLabour Party won a single seat, due to Jim Anderton retaining the Sydenham seat he originally won as a Labour candidate.
The governing Labour Party, by contrast, suffered its worst-ever electoral defeat since it first won power in the 1935 election, winning only 29 (30%) of the seats and 35% of the vote (its lowest percentage since 1931), and losing 27 seats. Initially it appeared that twelve ministers and the Speaker had lost their seats, but Fran Wilde scraped in on special votes. Many of Labour's talented "class of 84" were sent away, though five of them, Annette King, Jim Sutton, Trevor Mallard, Richard Northey and Judy Keall, returned in 1993.[2]
The result was primarily due to intense anger at Labour and its policies (shown by it losing 12% of its vote) rather than love of National (which only increased its vote by 4%).
^Gardiner was first on election night for Wellington Central, but lost when special votes were included [2]
Summary of seat changes
Electoral redistributions:
There was no redistribution of electoral boundaries between the 1987 and 1990 elections.
Seats captured:
By National: Birkenhead, East Cape, Eden, Gisborne, Glenfield, Hamilton East, Hamilton West, Hastings, Hawkes Bay, Heretaunga, Horowhenua, Kapiti, Lyttelton, Manawatu, Miramar, New Plymouth, Onehunga, Otara, Roskill, Tasman, Te Atatu, Titirangi, Tongariro, Waitaki, Wanganui, West Coast and Western Hutt (27 seats) were captured from Labour. Seventeen of these (Gisborne, Hamilton East, Hamilton West, Hastings, Horowhenua, Lyttelton, Manawatu, Miramar, New Plymouth, Onehunga, Otara, Roskill, Te Atatu, Titirangi, Tongariro, Wanganui & the West Coast) were one-term gains, recaptured by Labour in 1993.
Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs:
The seats of North Shore, Papakura, Tarawera, Waitotara and Wallace, all held by departing National MPs, were won by new National candidates.
The seats of Christchurch Central, Dunedin North, Eastern Hutt, Manurewa, Nelson, Palmerston North and Panmure, all held by departing Labour MPs, were won by new Labour candidates.
Post-election events
A number of local by-elections were required due to the resignation of incumbent local body politicians following their election to Parliament:
A by-election to the Auckland City Council was caused after Maungakiekie Ward councillor Grahame Thorne resigned his seat after he was elected MP for Onehunga, necessitating a by-election to fill the council vacancy. The by-election was won by Ken Graham with two candidates from the general election, Richard Northey (Labour candidate for Eden) and Laurie Ross (Green candidate for Onehunga), also contesting.[4]
A by-election to the Auckland Regional Council was caused after Panmure Ward councillor Judith Tizard resigned her seat after she was elected MP for Panmure, necessitating a by-election to fill the council vacancy. The by-election was won by Bruce Jesson with a retiring candidate at the general election, Bob Tizard (previously Labour MP for Panmure) also contesting.[5][6]
A by-election to the Wellington City Council was caused after Southern Ward councillor John Blincoe resigned his seat after he was elected MP for Nelson, necessitating a by-election to fill the council vacancy. The by-election was won by Margaret Bonner with two candidates from the general election, Ann Nolan (National candidate for Island Bay) and Jeff Montgomery (NewLabour candidate for Wellington Central), also contesting.[7][8][9]
Notes
^*"The Brat Pack loses a member". Stuff/Fairfax. 25 May 2014.
McLeay, E. M., ed. (1991). The 1990 General Election, Perspectives on Political Change in New Zealand: Occasional Publications No 3, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN0-475-11202-4.
Stringer, John (1990). 1990 Parliamentary Candidates for the New Zealand National Party. Wellington: New Zealand National Party.
Vowles, Jack; Aimer, Peter (1993). Voters' Vengeance: The 1990 Election in New Zealand and the fate of the Fourth Labour Government. Auckland: University Press. ISBN1-86940-078-X.
January 24, 2023
1990, zealand, general, election, held, october, determine, composition, 43rd, zealand, parliament, governing, labour, party, defeated, ending, terms, office, national, party, bolger, landslide, victory, formed, government, 1987, october, 1990, 1993, outgoing,. The 1990 New Zealand general election was held on 27 October to determine the composition of the 43rd New Zealand parliament The governing Labour Party was defeated ending its two terms in office The National Party led by Jim Bolger won a landslide victory and formed the new government 1990 New Zealand general election 1987 27 October 1990 1993 outgoing membersmembers All 97 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives49 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Third party Leader Jim Bolger Mike Moore Jim AndertonParty National Labour NewLabourLast election 40 seats 44 02 57 seats 47 96 New partySeats won 67 29 1Seat change 27 28 1Popular vote 872 358 640 915 94 171Percentage 47 82 35 14 5 16Swing 3 80 12 82 5 16 Results of the electionPrime Minister before electionMike MooreLabour Subsequent Prime Minister Jim BolgerNational Contents 1 Background 1 1 MPs retiring in 1990 2 The election 3 Summary of results 4 Detailed results 4 1 Party totals 4 2 Votes summary 4 3 Electorate results 4 4 Summary of seat changes 5 Post election events 6 Notes 7 ReferencesBackground EditThe Labour Party had taken office after defeating the National Party under Robert Muldoon in the 1984 election David Lange became Prime Minister and Roger Douglas became Minister of Finance The economic program outlined by Douglas was deeply unpopular with Labour s traditional supporters however deregulation privatisation and free trade all opposed by the party s more left wing members were a key part of the so called Rogernomics platform This internal dissent was off set somewhat by new social legislation and a strong stance against nuclear weapons Labour was re elected in the 1987 election with its parliamentary majority untouched but the internal disputes continued Eventually Lange forced Douglas to resign in December 1988 but continued destabilisation of his leadership by Douglas had weakened Lange s position such that he resigned eight months later He was replaced as Prime Minister by Geoffrey Palmer but Palmer failed to revive Labour s falling popularity Several months before the election Palmer was replaced by Mike Moore The National Party was performing strongly its leader Jim Bolger spoke repeatedly of the Decent Society saying that the reforms were doing significant damage to the social fabric of the country The government was also being challenged by the NewLabour Party founded by renegade MP Jim Anderton MPs retiring in 1990 Edit Five National MPs and eleven Labour MPs intended to retire at the end of the 42nd Parliament Party Name ElectorateNational George Gair North ShoreMerv Wellington PapakuraIan McLean TaraweraVenn Young WaitotaraDerek Angus WallaceLabour Geoffrey Palmer Christchurch CentralStan Rodger Dunedin NorthAnne Collins East CapeTrevor Young Eastern HuttRoger Douglas ManurewaPhilip Woollaston NelsonColin Moyle OtaraTrevor de Cleene Palmerston NorthBob Tizard PanmureMichael Bassett Te AtatuRussell Marshall WanganuiThe election EditThe date for the 1990 election was 27 October 2 202 157 people were registered to vote and 85 2 of these people turned out The number of seats being contested was 97 this was the same as in the previous election which had the largest number of seats for any Parliament until that point Summary of results EditThe 1990 election eventually saw a victory for the National Party then in opposition National won nearly half 48 of the vote and 67 69 of the seats becoming the fourth National government This was the highest number of seats the party had ever won either in absolute terms or as a percentage Four new and young National MPs Bill English Tony Ryall Roger Sowry and Nick Smith were called the brat pack by Sir Robert Muldoon himself one of the Young Turks of 1960 1 The new Green Party gained the third highest number of votes but won no seats The NewLabour Party won a single seat due to Jim Anderton retaining the Sydenham seat he originally won as a Labour candidate The governing Labour Party by contrast suffered its worst ever electoral defeat since it first won power in the 1935 election winning only 29 30 of the seats and 35 of the vote its lowest percentage since 1931 and losing 27 seats Initially it appeared that twelve ministers and the Speaker had lost their seats but Fran Wilde scraped in on special votes Many of Labour s talented class of 84 were sent away though five of them Annette King Jim Sutton Trevor Mallard Richard Northey and Judy Keall returned in 1993 2 The result was primarily due to intense anger at Labour and its policies shown by it losing 12 of its vote rather than love of National which only increased its vote by 4 Detailed results EditParty totals Edit Election results 3 Party Candidates Total votes Percentage Seats wonNational 97 872 358 47 82 67Labour 97 640 915 35 14 29Greens 71 124 915 6 85 NewLabour 93 94 171 5 16 1Democrats 91 30 455 1 67 Social Credit 68 17 897 0 98 Mana Motuhake 4 10 869 0 60 McGillicuddy Serious 59 10 058 0 55 Christian Heritage 18 9 591 0 53 Minor parties and Independents 76 12 863 0 71 Total 674 1 824 092 97Votes summary Edit Popular VoteNational 47 82 Labour 35 14 Greens 6 85 NewLabour 5 16 Democrats 2 02 Others 3 37 Parliament seatsNational 69 07 Labour 29 90 NewLabour 1 03 Electorate results Edit The tables below shows the results of the 1990 general election Key National Labour Democrats NewLabour Mana Motuhake Electorate results for the 1990 New Zealand general election Electorate Incumbent Winner Majority Runner upGeneral electoratesAlbany Don McKinnon 7 455 June AllenAshburton Jenny Shipley 7 922 Basil MoskovisAuckland Central Richard Prebble 3 277 Kathryn HillAvon Larry Sutherland 4 250 Wendy RushAwarua Jeff Grant 4 964 Heather RussellBay of Islands John Carter 5 285 Bruce RaittBirkenhead Jenny Kirk Ian Revell 2 813 Jenny KirkChristchurch Central Geoffrey Palmer Lianne Dalziel 3 769 Ross GluerChristchurch North Mike Moore 2 148 Peter YarrellClevedon Warren Kyd 4 732 Ann BattenClutha Robin Gray 6 527 Jeff BuchananCoromandel Graeme Lee 6 342 Margaret HawkeswoodDunedin North Stan Rodger Pete Hodgson 2 336 Gael DonoghueDunedin West Clive Matthewson 1 779 Ian McMeekingEast Cape Anne Collins Tony Ryall 1 968 Dianne CollinsEast Coast Bays Murray McCully 5 216 Gary KnappEastern Hutt Trevor Young Paul Swain 801 Rosemary ThomasEden Richard Northey Christine Fletcher 1 524 Richard NortheyFendalton Philip Burdon 4 993 Tony DayGisborne Allan Wallbank Wayne Kimber 449 Allan WallbankGlenfield Judy Keall Peter Hilt 2 958 Judy KeallHamilton East Bill Dillon Tony Steel 2 121 Bill DillonHamilton West Trevor Mallard Grant Thomas 1 563 Trevor MallardHastings David Butcher Jeff Whittaker 728 David ButcherHawkes Bay Bill Sutton Michael Laws 2 895 Bill SuttonHeretaunga Bill Jeffries Peter McCardle 1 122 Bill JeffriesHobson Ross Meurant 6 641 Howard HenryHorowhenua Annette King Hamish Hancock 624 Annette KingInvercargill Rob Munro 4 137 Barry RaitIsland Bay Elizabeth Tennet 3 635 Ann NolanKaimai Robert Anderson 8 147 Gordon DicksonKaipara Lockwood Smith 8 610 Wayne SellwoodKapiti Margaret Shields Roger Sowry 1 599 Margaret ShieldsKing Country Jim Bolger 7 274 Cameron GordonLyttelton Peter Simpson Gail McIntosh 68 Peter SimpsonManawatu David Robinson Hamish MacIntyre 3 089 David RobinsonMangere David Lange 4 039 Bryan ArcherManurewa Roger Douglas George Hawkins 1 143 Pat BakerMaramarua Bill Birch 7 670 Charles ChauvelMarlborough Doug Kidd 7 187 Barbara HutchinsonMatamata John Luxton 8 501 Bill PepperellMiramar Peter Neilson Graeme Reeves 552 Peter NeilsonMt Albert Helen Clark 1 230 Larry BellshawNapier Geoff Braybrooke 1 265 Colleen PritchardNelson Philip Woollaston John Blincoe 636 L BaigentNew Lynn Jonathan Hunt 1 099 Martyn Athol BishopNew Plymouth Harry Duynhoven John Armstrong 1 701 Harry DuynhovenNorth Shore George Gair Bruce Cliffe 6 183 Graeme RansomOhariu Peter Dunne 783 George MathewOnehunga Fred Gerbic Grahame Thorne 612 Fred GerbicOtago Warren Cooper 3 927 Tony CookeOtara Colin Moyle Trevor Rogers 1 226 Taito Phillip FieldPahiatua John Falloon 7 689 Margo MartindalePakuranga Maurice Williamson 9 086 Paul Charles GrantPalmerston North Trevor de Cleene Steve Maharey 349 Paul SherriffPanmure Bob Tizard Judith Tizard 1 098 Gray BartlettPapakura Merv Wellington John Robertson 5 665 James StubbsPapatoetoe Ross Robertson 510 Allan BrewsterPencarrow Sonja Davies 384 Ray WallacePorirua Graham Kelly 3 453 P FaulknerRaglan Simon Upton 5 442 Olivia Scaletti LongleyRangiora Jim Gerard 5 273 Judith Alison McLachlanRangitikei Denis Marshall 6 127 Patricia BartonRemuera Doug Graham 7 368 Carl HardingRoskill Phil Goff Gilbert Myles 644 Phil GoffRotorua Paul East 5 270 Bruce RaittSt Albans David Caygill 1 560 David DumergueSt Kilda Michael Cullen 1 886 Bruce AlexanderSelwyn Ruth Richardson 5 441 Val ElleySydenham Jim Anderton 1 443 Linda ConstableTamaki Robert Muldoon 7 592 Malcolm JohnstonTaranaki Roger Maxwell 7 867 Scott DalzielTarawera Ian McLean Max Bradford 5 152 Malcolm MooreTasman Ken Shirley Nick Smith 2 246 Ken ShirleyTauranga Winston Peters 9 314 Bill DelaneyTe Atatu Michael Bassett Brian Neeson 1 370 Dan McCaffreyTimaru Maurice McTigue 3 192 Gary ClarkeTitirangi Ralph Maxwell Marie Hasler 64 Ralph MaxwellTongariro Noel Scott Ian Peters 886 Noel ScottWaikaremoana Roger McClay 5 865 David DaviesWaikato Rob Storey 6 172 George MiddletonWaipa Katherine O Regan 8 477 Mark Apiata WadeWairarapa Wyatt Creech 4 141 Pauline MoranWaitaki Jim Sutton Alec Neill 2 905 Jim SuttonWaitotara Venn Young Peter Gresham 7 192 Dominic O SullivanWallace Derek Angus Bill English 8 886 David SoperWanganui Russell Marshall Cam Campion 409 Jill PettisWellington Central Fran Wilde 246 Pauline Gardiner nb 1 West Auckland Jack Elder 252 Laurie WicksWest Coast Kerry Burke Margaret Moir 2 611 Kerry BurkeWestern Hutt John Terris Joy Quigley 700 John TerrisWhangarei John Banks 6 839 Edna TaitYaldhurst Margaret Austin 42 John ConnellyMaori electoratesEastern Maori Peter Tapsell 6 844 Wi Kuki KaaNorthern Maori Bruce Gregory 956 Matiu RataSouthern Maori Whetu Tirikatene Sullivan 7 614 Tikirau StevensWestern Maori Koro Wetere 5 466 Eva RickardTable footnotes Gardiner was first on election night for Wellington Central but lost when special votes were included 2 Summary of seat changes Edit Electoral redistributions There was no redistribution of electoral boundaries between the 1987 and 1990 elections Seats captured By National Birkenhead East Cape Eden Gisborne Glenfield Hamilton East Hamilton West Hastings Hawkes Bay Heretaunga Horowhenua Kapiti Lyttelton Manawatu Miramar New Plymouth Onehunga Otara Roskill Tasman Te Atatu Titirangi Tongariro Waitaki Wanganui West Coast and Western Hutt 27 seats were captured from Labour Seventeen of these Gisborne Hamilton East Hamilton West Hastings Horowhenua Lyttelton Manawatu Miramar New Plymouth Onehunga Otara Roskill Te Atatu Titirangi Tongariro Wanganui amp the West Coast were one term gains recaptured by Labour in 1993 Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs The seats of North Shore Papakura Tarawera Waitotara and Wallace all held by departing National MPs were won by new National candidates The seats of Christchurch Central Dunedin North Eastern Hutt Manurewa Nelson Palmerston North and Panmure all held by departing Labour MPs were won by new Labour candidates Post election events EditA number of local by elections were required due to the resignation of incumbent local body politicians following their election to Parliament A by election to the Auckland City Council was caused after Maungakiekie Ward councillor Grahame Thorne resigned his seat after he was elected MP for Onehunga necessitating a by election to fill the council vacancy The by election was won by Ken Graham with two candidates from the general election Richard Northey Labour candidate for Eden and Laurie Ross Green candidate for Onehunga also contesting 4 A by election to the Auckland Regional Council was caused after Panmure Ward councillor Judith Tizard resigned her seat after she was elected MP for Panmure necessitating a by election to fill the council vacancy The by election was won by Bruce Jesson with a retiring candidate at the general election Bob Tizard previously Labour MP for Panmure also contesting 5 6 A by election to the Wellington City Council was caused after Southern Ward councillor John Blincoe resigned his seat after he was elected MP for Nelson necessitating a by election to fill the council vacancy The by election was won by Margaret Bonner with two candidates from the general election Ann Nolan National candidate for Island Bay and Jeff Montgomery NewLabour candidate for Wellington Central also contesting 7 8 9 Notes Edit The Brat Pack loses a member Stuff Fairfax 25 May 2014 a b Bassett 2008 p 538 New Zealand Elections 1972 1993 New Zealand Election Study Retrieved 17 December 2011 Bassett Michael 2013 City of sails the history of Auckland City Council 1989 2010 p 382 ISBN 1927262003 Declaration of Result of Election The New Zealand Herald 5 December 1991 p 14 3 Voters go for new parties The New Zealand Herald 28 November 1991 p 1 Evans Gavin 15 December 1990 Blincoe Stalls Resignation The Evening Post Bly Ross 29 April 1991 Southern Ward By Election Report Wellington City Council Declaration of Result of Election The Evening Post 1 May 1991 References EditBassett Michael 2008 Working with David Inside the Lange Cabinet Auckland Hodder Moa ISBN 978 1 86971 094 1 McLeay E M ed 1991 The 1990 General Election Perspectives on Political Change in New Zealand Occasional Publications No 3 Department of Political Science Wellington Victoria University of Wellington ISBN 0 475 11202 4 Stringer John 1990 1990 Parliamentary Candidates for the New Zealand National Party Wellington New Zealand National Party Vowles Jack Aimer Peter 1993 Voters Vengeance The 1990 Election in New Zealand and the fate of the Fourth Labour Government Auckland University Press ISBN 1 86940 078 X Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1990 New Zealand general election amp oldid 1120622499, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
