Lebanese Premier League
The Lebanese First Division (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الدرجة الأولى), commonly known as the Lebanese Premier League (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الممتاز, romanized: ad-dawrī al-lubnānī al-mumtāz), is the top division of the Lebanese football league system. There are 12 teams competing in the league, which operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Lebanese Second Division.
| Organising body | Lebanese Football Association |
|---|---|
| Founded | May 1934 |
| Country | Lebanon |
| Confederation | AFC |
| Number of teams | 12 |
| Level on pyramid | 1 |
| Relegation to | Lebanese Second Division |
| Domestic cup(s) | |
| League cup(s) | Lebanese Federation Cup |
| International cup(s) | |
| Current champions | Ahed (9th title) (2022–23) |
| Most championships | Ansar (14 titles) |
| Top goalscorer | Fadi Alloush (120)[a] |
| TV partners | MTV Lebanon, FIFA+ |
| Website | the-lfa |
| Current: 2023–24 Lebanese Premier League | |
The league's first season began in May 1934, with Nahda winning the maiden title. Ansar is the most successful club in the league having won 14 titles; they also set a Guinness World Record by winning 11 consecutive league titles between 1988 and 1999.[b] The league has a "split" system since 2020, in which the season is divided in two phases.
History edit
On 22 March 1933, representatives of 13 football clubs gathered in the Minet El Hosn district in Beirut to form the Lebanese Football Association (LFA).[1][2] The Lebanese Premier League began in May 1934 as the Edmond Rubeiz Cup, in honour of Nahda player Edmon Rubeiz who died of typhoid the previous year.[3] The competition was held in a knockout format, with Nahda beating DPHB 7–1 in the final to win the inaugural competition.[3][4]
Nahda, AUB, and DPHB shared the titles during the first decade of the league.[4] Between the 1940s and 1960s Armenian clubs, mainly Homenetmen and Homenmen, were the most prominent in the Lebanese footballing scene.[5] The two clubs shared 11 titles in 16 seasons between 1943 and 1969.[4] Following a 12-year interruption of the league due to the Lebanese Civil War, Ansar dominated the league winning 11 consecutive league titles between 1988 and 1999.[4] They set a Guinness World Record for most consecutive league titles, which has been since broken by Skonto of Latvia in 2002.[6]
From 2000, Nejmeh were the dominating force in Lebanon, winning five out of nine league titles until 2009.[4] In 2008, Ahed won their first league title; they have won the league nine times since.[4] After winning the league in 2018–19, Ahed became the three-time defending champions, a feat accomplished only one other time, by Ansar in 1992.[citation needed] Due to financial and political issues in the country, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, the LFA decided to cancel the ongoing 2019–20 season.[7][8]
Competition format edit
Competition edit
There are 12 clubs in the Lebanese Premier League. Prior to the 2020–21 season, each club played the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents', for 22 games.
Starting from the 2020–21 season, the league has operated on a "split" system.[9] A season is divided in two phases: in the first phase, each club plays each other once for a total of 11 matchdays. After the first phase, the league splits into two halves – a "top six" section and a "bottom six" section. Each club plays a further five matches (once against each club in its own section). Points achieved during the first phase are carried over into the second phase. From the 2022–23 season onwards, the points carried over are halved.[10] The system has been viewed positively by various members of Lebanese football.[11][12]
Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss.
Teams are ranked by total points; in case two teams are par on points, the following rules for classification apply:[9]
- Head-to-head points;
- Goal difference;
- Goals scored;
- Decisive match; in case of a draw, a penalty-shootout determines the winner.
If more than two teams are par on points:[9]
- Head-to-head points of the concerned clubs;
- Goal difference in the direct confrontation games;
- Goal difference in the league;
- Goals scored in the league;
- Mini-league between the involved teams, which play each other once.
Promotion and relegation edit
A system of promotion and relegation exists between the Lebanese Premier League and the Lebanese Second Division since 1935. In April 1935, Second Division clubs requested a promotion system to be implemented.[13] It was proposed that, at the end of the season, every Second Division team that wanted to be promoted to the First Division had to play against three teams from the First Division, winning all three.[13] The teams from the First Division had to have at least 7 players from their squad in the previous season.[13]
The two lowest placed teams in the Lebanese Premier League are relegated to the Second Division, and the top two teams from the Second Division promoted to the Lebanese Premier League.
Video assistant referee edit
Video assistant referee (VAR), will be introduced to the Lebanese Premier League in the second half of the 2023–24 season. It uses technology and officials to assist the referee in making decisions on the pitch. The match between Ahed and Racing Beirut in the first matchday, on 6 August 2023, will be the first to test the use of VAR.[14]
Clubs edit
Champions edit
| Club | Wins | Winning years |
|---|---|---|
| Ansar | 14 | 1987–88, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2020–21 |
| Ahed | 9 | 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23 |
| Nejmeh | 8 | 1972–73, 1974–75, 1999–00, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2008–09, 2013–14 |
| Homenetmen | 7 | 1943–44, 1945–46, 1947–48, 1950–51, 1954–55, 1962–63, 1968–69 |
| Nahda | 5 | 1933–34, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1946–47, 1948–49 |
| Homenmen | 4 | 1944–45, 1953–54, 1956–57, 1960–61 |
| AUB | 3 | 1934–35, 1936–37, 1937–38 |
| DPHB | 1935–36, 1938–39, 1940–41 | |
| Racing Beirut | 1955–56, 1964–65, 1969–70 | |
| Safa | 2011–12, 2012–13, 2015–16 | |
| Shabiba Mazraa | 1 | 1966–67 |
| Olympic Beirut | 2002–03 |
2023–24 season edit
The following 12 clubs will compete in the Lebanese Premier League during the 2023–24 season.
| Club | Home city | Position in 2022–23 | Top division titles | Most recent top division title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahed | Beirut (Ouzai) | 1st | 9 | 2022–23 |
| Ahly Nabatieh | Nabatieh | 2nd in the Second Division | 0 | — |
| Ansar | Beirut (Tariq el-Jdideh) | 3rd | 14 | 2020–21 |
| Bourj | Beirut (Bourj el-Barajneh) | 5th | 0 | — |
| Chabab Ghazieh | Ghazieh | 6th | 0 | — |
| Nejmeh | Beirut (Ras Beirut) | 2nd | 8 | 2013–14 |
| Racing Beirut | Beirut (Achrafieh) | 1st in the Second Division | 0 | — |
| Safa | Beirut (Wata el-Museitbeh) | 10th | 3 | 2015–16 |
| Sagesse | Beirut (Achrafieh) | 9th | 0 | — |
| Shabab Sahel | Beirut (Haret Hreik) | 4th | 0 | — |
| Tadamon Sour | Tyre | 7th | 0 | — |
| Tripoli | Tripoli | 8th | 1 | 2002–03 |
| Beirut class=notpageimage| Locations of the 2023–24 Lebanese Premier League teams |
|
Media coverage edit
Broadcasting rights for the Lebanese Premier League were distributed to MTV Lebanon starting from the 2016–17 season, on a five-year contract worth $600,000 per season;[15] the contract was renewed in 2022 for a further four seasons.[16] Live coverage of three games is broadcast each week, and weekly highlights of each match are produced once a week.[17] The LFA broadcast the other weekly games on its YouTube channel between 2020 and 2022.[18][19]
In October 2022, the LFA and FIFA signed an agreement to show all matches in the Lebanese Second Division, Lebanese Super Cup and Lebanese Women's Football League through the FIFA+ platform;[20] FIFA+ also replaced the LFA YouTube channel in transmitting the remaining Lebanese Premier League games not covered by MTV.[21]
Stadiums edit
At the start of the 2005–06 season, the Lebanese government imposed a ban on spectators due to fears of political and sectarian-inspired violence in the stadiums.[22][23] After six years, in 2011, the ban was lifted and fans were allowed to regularly attend matches.[23] While attendance was initially scarce, spectators started to show up more regularly season after season. Indeed, in 2018 ultras groups started to form, with Nejmeh's "Ultras Supernova" being the first.[24][25][26] Other teams quickly followed, such as Ansar, Ahed and Bourj.[27][26][28]
Prior to the start of each season, every team chooses two stadiums as their home venues. In case both stadiums are unavailable for a certain matchday, another venue is used. While teams such as Nejmeh and Ahed have their own stadiums, respectively Rafic Hariri Stadium and Ahed Stadium, they prefer to use bigger stadiums in Lebanon such as the Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium and the Beirut Municipal Stadium.[29]
Players edit
Foreign players and transfer regulations edit
Starting from the 2023–24 season, Lebanese clubs are allowed to have four foreign players at their disposal at any time.[30] Two extra Palestinian players born in Lebanon may also be included in a given match sheet (both of whom can not be fielded at the same time in a match).[31] Previously, the limit of foreign players was set to three,[31] and each club competing in an AFC competition was allowed to field one extra foreign player – to be only played in continental matches – as the AFC allowed four foreign players to play in the starting eleven (one of whom from an AFC country).[32] Starting from the 1998–99 season, the Lebanese Football Association has prevented the acquisition of foreign goalkeepers.[33][34]
Players may only be transferred during transfer windows that are set by the Lebanese Football Association. The two transfer windows run from 15 May to 25 July and from 1 January to 30 January.[35] Due to the economic situation in Lebanon, clubs were barred from fielding foreign players in the league in 2020–21 and the first half of 2021–22.[9]
Homegrown players edit
Starting from the 2019–20 season, all teams in the Lebanese Premier League and Lebanese Second Division must involve a certain number of under-22 players in both the league and the Lebanese FA Cup.[36] In case a club were to not meet the required number of minutes at the end of the season, they would have three points deducted from their total in the league.[36] Initially, the quota was set at a minimum of 1,000 minutes for one player, a minimum of 1,500 aggregate minutes for two players and a minimum of 2,000 aggregate minutes for three players.[36]
As the 2019–20 season was cancelled, the player quota was ultimately implemented for the 2020–21 season, with a few amendments.[37] Each club had to involve one player for at least 600 minutes, two players for at least 800 combined minutes, and three players for at least 1,200 combined minutes.[37] Also, each club is allowed a maximum of eight players over the age of 30, with only five being able to be fielded in a game.[37] In the 2022–23 season, the quotas changed to 2,000 combined minutes for two under-21 players and 3,000 combined minuted for three players.[10]
Top scorers edit
- As of 28 September 2023[38]
| Rank | Name | Years | Goals |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fadi Alloush | 1985–1999 | 120[a] |
| 2 | Vardan Ghazaryan | 1992–2002, 2003–2004, 2006–2009 | 117[c] |
| 3 | Abbas Ahmed Atwi | 1997–2012, 2012–2022 | 113[d] |
| 4 | Hassan Maatouk | 2004–2011, 2017–present | 100[e] |
Italics denotes players still playing football,
Bold denotes players still playing in the Lebanese Premier League.
The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Lebanese Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Fadi Alloush holds the record for most Lebanese Premier League goals with 120.[a][38] Seven players were top scorers more than once: Elhadji Malick Tall three times, and Levon Altonian, Fadi Alloush, Mohammad Kassas, Mohammed Ghaddar, Lucas Galán, and Hassan Maatouk twice.[39] Fadi Alloush holds the record for most goals in a season (32) while playing for Ansar.[40]
Official match ball edit
On 30 July 2019, the Lebanese Football Association announced a three-year deal with German sportswear company Jako for €120,000, with the Jako Match 2.0 becoming the league's official match ball starting from the 2019–20 season.[41]
- 2019–2020: Jako Match 2.0
- 2020–present: Jako Galaxy Match 2.0
See also edit
Notes and references edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c Alloush scored a total of 124 goals, however his four goals scored during the 1987–88 season against Shabiba Mazraa, that withdrew, were not counted.
- ^ The record has since been surpassed by Latvian First League club Skonto.
- ^ Ghazaryan scored a total of 129 goals, however his 12 goals scored during the 2000–01 season were not counted as the season was canceled.
- ^ Atwi scored a total of 114 goals, however his goal scored during the 2019–20 season was not counted as the season was canceled.
- ^ Maatouk scored a total of 101 goals, however his goal scored during the 2019–20 season was not counted as the season was canceled.
References edit
- ^ Hawi, Grace (25 June 2009). الإعلام الرياضي في لبنان بين شباك السياسة والإهمال [Sports media in Lebanon between politics and neglect]. Al Akhbar (in Arabic). from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ [About the Federation]. Lebanese Football Association (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ a b Sakr 1992, p. 21.
- ^ a b c d e f Fujioka, Atsushi. "Lebanon – List of Champions". RSSSF. from the original on 23 August 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Mouawad, Jamil (2018). "Lebanese Football: Imagining a Defiant and United Lebanon". Middle East Critique. 27 (3): 289–302. doi:10.1080/19436149.2018.1485301. S2CID 150228818. Retrieved 14 March 2019 – via www.academia.edu.
- ^ . Terry The Tourist. 29 June 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2019.
- ^ Saad, Abdulqader (21 January 2020). القرار المرّ: نشاط الفوتبول معلّق حتى إشعار آخر [Bitter decision: football activity is suspended until further notice]. Al Akhbar (in Arabic). from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (28 May 2020). رسميا.. إلغاء الموسم الكروي في لبنان [Officially.. canceling the football season in Lebanon]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d Abou Diab, Rami (25 June 2020). "The new regulations for the Lebanese Premier League". FA Lebanon. from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
- ^ a b Khaled, Nasser (3 June 2022). بالصور: الاتحاد اللبناني يعلن تعديلات بالجملة [In pictures: The Lebanese Federation announces wholesale amendments]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (3 June 2022). دبوق لكووورة: نظام الدوري الجديد يحد من التلاعب [Dabouq to Kooora: "The new league system limits manipulation"]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (22 June 2022). هل نجح نظام السداسية في الدوري اللبناني؟ [Has the six-way system succeeded in the Lebanese league?]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
- ^ a b c Sakr 1992, p. 25.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (26 July 2023). تقنية الفيديو حاضرة في لقاء العهد والراسينغ [Video technology will be present in the match between Ahed and Racing]. Kooora (in Arabic). Retrieved 27 July 2023.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (31 May 2020). كووورة يكشف مصير النقل التلفزيوني للدوري اللبناني [Kooora reveals the fate of the TV transmission of the Lebanese League]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (29 August 2022). رسميا.. الاتحاد اللبناني يجدد اتفاقية النقل التلفزيوني [Officially.. the Lebanese Federation renews the TV transmission agreement]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 29 August 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
- ^ "ALFA Lebanese Football League". MTV. from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
- ^ Hatem, Khalil (15 August 2022). "Football : Des progrès dans un contexte de crise (2/2)". Ici Beyrouth (in French). from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
- ^ "Lebanese Football Association". YouTube. from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (26 October 2022). اتفاقية تعاون بين الفيفا والاتحاد اللبناني [A cooperation agreement between FIFA and the Lebanese Football Association]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
- ^ الاتحاد اللبناني لكرة القدم وFIFA+ يلتزمان بالنقل الحي للمباريات والمزيد من الفعاليات لجماهير كرة القدم حول العالم [The Lebanese Football Association and FIFA+ commit to live broadcasts of matches and more events for football fans around the world]. Lebanese Football Association (in Arabic). 29 October 2022. from the original on 29 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
- ^ Khodr, Zeina (20 November 2007). "Lebanon's empty football stadiums". Al Jazeera. from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
- ^ a b Neumann, Jeff (1 March 2012). "Sectarian Violence Makes Getting in to Lebanese Soccer Games a Real Bitch". Vice. from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
- ^ المدرجات لا تعترف إلا بالشجعان [The stands only recognize the brave]. Lebanon Football Guide (in Arabic). 15 February 2019. from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
- ^ "Ultras Supernova: Lebanon's First Ultras Group". COPA90. 21 March 2018. from the original on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2019 – via Facebook.
- ^ a b Zeineddine, Ali (7 December 2018). مباريات قويّة في الجولة العاشرة [Strong matches in the 10th round]. Al Akhbar الأخبار (in Arabic). from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
- ^ Zeineddine, Ali (20 September 2018). البداية من «المدينة» والختام فيها [Beginning with "the city" and ending with it]. Al Akhbar (in Arabic). from the original on 21 April 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
- ^ "معركة" في جونية و"ألتراس" في برج البراجنة ["Battle" in Jounieh and "Ultras" in Bourj el-Barajneh]. Yasour.org (in Arabic). 24 September 2018. from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
- ^ Lebanon Football Guide
- ^ 84 ألف دولار دخل جديد للاتحاد اللبناني لكرة القدم [USD84,000: new income for the Lebanese Football Association]. Lebanon Football Guide (in Arabic). 19 June 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
- ^ a b Abou Diab, Rami (21 September 2018). "2018/2019 Lebanese Premier League Squads confirmed". FA Lebanon. from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
- ^ Gineprini, Nicholas (20 March 2019). . Calcio8Cina. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
- ^ أزمة الحراسة اللبنانية.. حاضر لا يمت بصلة للماضي [The Lebanese goalkeeper crisis... a present that has nothing to do with the past]. Kooora (in Arabic). 8 July 2019. from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- ^ Khaled, Nasser (11 June 2020). القفاز الذهبي: 22 عاما على منع الحراس الأجانب في لبنان.. والنتيجة مبهمة [The Golden Glove: 22 years since the ban on foreign goalkeepers in Lebanon... the result is ambiguous]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ "Worldwide registration periods calendar" (PDF). FIFA. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
- ^ a b c "Circular No. 2019/38". Lebanese Football Association. 17 July 2019.
- ^ a b c Khaled, Nasser (24 June 2020). الاتحاد اللبناني يعلن عن قرارات حاسمة [The Lebanese Federation announces crucial decisions]. Kooora (in Arabic). from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- ^ a b من هو الهداف التاريخي للدوري اللبناني ؟ .. فادي علوش أم فارطان غازاريان وما حقيقة الجدل؟ [Who is the historical top scorer for the Lebanese League? Fadi Alloush or Vardan Ghazaryan, and what is the truth behind the controversy?] (in Arabic). Aljadeed Sport. 2 November 2020. from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2020 – via Facebook.
- ^ Mubarak, Hassanin; Nehme, Ale. "Lebanon – List of Topscorers". RSSSF. from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ هـدافـو الـدوري اللـبـنـانـي عـبـر الـتـاريـخ [Lebanese league top scorers through history] (in Arabic). LNN Sports. 20 January 2008. from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020 – via Kooora.
- ^ [Signing the JAKO sponsorship contract for the Lebanese Football League]. Football Lebanon (in Arabic). 30 July 2019. Archived from the original on 11 September 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
Bibliography edit
- Sakr, Ali Hamidi (1992). موسوعة كرة القدم اللبنانية 1991–1992 [1991–1992 Lebanese Football Encyclopedia] (PDF) (in Arabic). مؤسسة نوفل للتوزيع. ISBN 0000281247.
External links edit
- LFA official website (in Arabic)
- Lebanese Premier League at MTV Lebanon (in English and Arabic)
- Lebanese Premier League at Kooora (in Arabic)
- Lebanese Premier League at Soccerway