The 1935 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 09:35 local time on 28 December. It had a magnitude of Mw 7.7 and a maximum felt intensity of VII (Damaging) on the European macroseismic scale. It triggered a minor tsunami.
The island of Sumatra lies on the convergent plate boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The convergence between these plates is highly oblique near Sumatra, with the displacement being accommodated by near pure dip-slip faulting along the subduction zone, known as the Sunda megathrust, and near pure strike-slip faulting along the Great Sumatran fault. The major slip events on the subduction zone interface are typically of megathrust type. Historically, great or giant megathrust earthquakes have been recorded in 1797, 1833, 1861, 2004, 2005 and 2007, most of them being associated with devastating tsunamis. Smaller (but still large) megathrust events have also occurred in the small gaps between the areas that slip during the larger events in 1935, 1984, 2000 and 2002.[3]
Damageedit
The Batu Islands and the neighbouring coast of Sumatra were the most affected areas. The lighthouse on Bodjo island was damaged and cracks appeared in the hill that it stands on. Several houses were destroyed at Pulu Tello. The islands of Tanahbala and Sigata showed evidence of uplift, with low-lying areas no longer flooded at high tide. Near Padang power and telephone lines swayed, with some lines being cut. Some huts collapsed at Sibolga, although there were no reported casualties.[1]
Characteristicsedit
The earthquake is thought to have occurred on the plate interface at a depth of about 28 km. The estimated source parameters for the earthquake are 65 km length, 30 km width with a maximum displacement of 3 m.[4] Such a rupture zone has a predicted pattern of uplift and subsidence and this has been found to be consistent with paleogeodetic records taken from coral microatolls around the Batu Islands.[5]
^ abNGDC. "Comments for the Significant Earthquake". Retrieved 26 November 2010.
^Martin, S. S.; Cummins, P. R.; Meltzner, A. J. (2022), "Gempa Nusantara: A Database of 7380 Macroseismic Observations for 1200 Historical Earthquakes in Indonesia from 1546 to 1950", Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 112 (6): 2958–2980, Bibcode:2022BuSSA.112.2958M, doi:10.1785/0120220047, hdl:10356/166257, ISSN 0037-1106, S2CID 253365854
^Natawidjaja, D. H.; Sieh K.; Chlieh M.; Galetzka J.; Suwargadi B.W.; Cheng H.; Edwards R.L.; Avouac J.-P. & Ward S. N. (2006). "Source parameters of the great Sumatran megathrust earthquakes of 1797 and 1833 inferred from coral microatolls". Journal of Geophysical Research. 111 (B06403): n/a. Bibcode:2006JGRB..111.6403N. doi:10.1029/2005JB004025. hdl:10220/8480. Retrieved 2009-10-24.
^Rivera, L.; Sieh K.; Helmberger D. & Natawidjaja D. (2002). "A Comparative Study of the Sumatran Subduction-Zone Earthquakes of 1935 and 1984" (PDF). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 92 (5): 1721–1736. Bibcode:2002BuSSA..92.1721R. doi:10.1785/0120010106. Retrieved 25 November 2010.
^Natawidjaja, D.H.; Sieh K.; Ward S.N.; Cheng H.; Lawrence Edwards R.; Galetska J. & Suwargadi B.W. (2004). "Paleogeodetic records of seismic and aseismic subduction from central Sumatran microatolls, Indonesia" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 109 (B04306). Bibcode:2004JGRB..109.4306N. doi:10.1029/2003JB002398. hdl:10356/95667. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
External linksedit
The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.
April 09, 2024
1935, sumatra, earthquake, occurred, local, time, december, magnitude, maximum, felt, intensity, damaging, european, macroseismic, scale, triggered, minor, tsunami, time1935, 31isc, event904721usgs, ansscomcatlocal, datedecember, 1935, 1935, local, time09, 35m. The 1935 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 09 35 local time on 28 December It had a magnitude of Mw 7 7 and a maximum felt intensity of VII Damaging on the European macroseismic scale It triggered a minor tsunami 1935 Sumatra earthquakeUTC time1935 12 28 02 35 31ISC event904721USGS ANSSComCatLocal dateDecember 28 1935 1935 12 28 Local time09 35Magnitude7 7 MwEpicenter0 00 N 98 15 E 0 0 N 98 25 E 0 0 98 25 1 FaultSunda megathrustAreas affectedSumatra Dutch East IndiesMax intensityVII Damaging 2 Tsunamiminor Contents 1 Tectonic setting 2 Damage 3 Characteristics 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksTectonic setting editThe island of Sumatra lies on the convergent plate boundary between the Indo Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate The convergence between these plates is highly oblique near Sumatra with the displacement being accommodated by near pure dip slip faulting along the subduction zone known as the Sunda megathrust and near pure strike slip faulting along the Great Sumatran fault The major slip events on the subduction zone interface are typically of megathrust type Historically great or giant megathrust earthquakes have been recorded in 1797 1833 1861 2004 2005 and 2007 most of them being associated with devastating tsunamis Smaller but still large megathrust events have also occurred in the small gaps between the areas that slip during the larger events in 1935 1984 2000 and 2002 3 Damage editThe Batu Islands and the neighbouring coast of Sumatra were the most affected areas The lighthouse on Bodjo island was damaged and cracks appeared in the hill that it stands on Several houses were destroyed at Pulu Tello The islands of Tanahbala and Sigata showed evidence of uplift with low lying areas no longer flooded at high tide Near Padang power and telephone lines swayed with some lines being cut Some huts collapsed at Sibolga although there were no reported casualties 1 Characteristics editThe earthquake is thought to have occurred on the plate interface at a depth of about 28 km The estimated source parameters for the earthquake are 65 km length 30 km width with a maximum displacement of 3 m 4 Such a rupture zone has a predicted pattern of uplift and subsidence and this has been found to be consistent with paleogeodetic records taken from coral microatolls around the Batu Islands 5 See also editList of earthquakes in 1935 List of earthquakes in IndonesiaReferences edit a b NGDC Comments for the Significant Earthquake Retrieved 26 November 2010 Martin S S Cummins P R Meltzner A J 2022 Gempa Nusantara A Database of 7380 Macroseismic Observations for 1200 Historical Earthquakes in Indonesia from 1546 to 1950 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 112 6 2958 2980 Bibcode 2022BuSSA 112 2958M doi 10 1785 0120220047 hdl 10356 166257 ISSN 0037 1106 S2CID 253365854 Natawidjaja D H Sieh K Chlieh M Galetzka J Suwargadi B W Cheng H Edwards R L Avouac J P amp Ward S N 2006 Source parameters of the great Sumatran megathrust earthquakes of 1797 and 1833 inferred from coral microatolls Journal of Geophysical Research 111 B06403 n a Bibcode 2006JGRB 111 6403N doi 10 1029 2005JB004025 hdl 10220 8480 Retrieved 2009 10 24 Rivera L Sieh K Helmberger D amp Natawidjaja D 2002 A Comparative Study of the Sumatran Subduction Zone Earthquakes of 1935 and 1984 PDF Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 92 5 1721 1736 Bibcode 2002BuSSA 92 1721R doi 10 1785 0120010106 Retrieved 25 November 2010 Natawidjaja D H Sieh K Ward S N Cheng H Lawrence Edwards R Galetska J amp Suwargadi B W 2004 Paleogeodetic records of seismic and aseismic subduction from central Sumatran microatolls Indonesia PDF Journal of Geophysical Research 109 B04306 Bibcode 2004JGRB 109 4306N doi 10 1029 2003JB002398 hdl 10356 95667 Retrieved 26 November 2010 External links editThe International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and or authoritative data for this event Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1935 Sumatra earthquake amp oldid 1216597849, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
