The 1920 United States presidential election in Florida, was held on November 2, 1920. Voters chose six representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice-President.
1920 United States presidential election in Florida
Ever since the disfranchisement of blacks at the beginning of the 1890s, Florida had been a one-party state ruled by the Democratic Party. The disfranchisement of blacks and poor whites by poll taxes in 1889[1] had left the Republican Party – between 1872 and 1888 dependent upon black votes – virtually extinct.
With the single exception of William Howard Taft's win in Calhoun County in 1908[2] the Democratic Party won every county in Florida in every Presidential election from 1892[a] until 1916. Only twice – and never for more than one term – did any Republican serve in either house of the state legislature between 1896 and 1928.
Despite this Democratic dominance and the restrictions on the franchise of the poorer classes due to the poll tax, significant socialist movements were to develop and persist in Tampa[3] and to a lesser extent over other parts of the state, especially against the powerful Ku Klux Klan.[4] In 1919, 4,800 miners led by the Mineral Workers Union would go on strike for 7+1⁄2 months in Polk County. The reason for the strike were that they wanted an 8-hour work day and a minimum wage of 37 cents. Governor Sidney J. Catts called on the Florida National Guard and the Polk County Home Guard to end the strike. At the end of the strike, 5 strikers would die.[5]
There was also a powerful Prohibitionist movements in older North Florida, which saw the Prohibition Party even win the governorship for one term under the notorious anti-Catholic minister Sidney J. Catts.
The 1920 election saw Harding make mild inroads into the absolute Democratic dominance of the state's politics, largely owing to considerable isolationist sentiment,[6] and major economic concerns following the decline of industries related to World War I.[7] He carried three counties in the south of the state, being only the second Republican to carry a Florida county since black disfranchisement, and begun tentative steps towards establishing a white GOP base in what was to become the "Sun Belt" after the development of air conditioning decades later. Eugene Debs, who had taken advantage of substantial radicalism in parts of South Florida to run second to Woodrow Wilson in the state in 1912, did not do nearly so well and was only marginally ahead of Prohibition candidate Watkins.
^Early sources also list 10,118 votes for a "White Republican" ticket, but later analysts have shown that this ticket was a fusion ticket with Harding's ordinary Republican ticket.
^In this county where Watkins ran second ahead of Harding, margin given is Cox vote minus Watkins vote and percentage margin Cox percentage minus Watkins percentage.
^In this county where Debs ran second ahead of Harding, margin given is Cox vote minus Debs vote and percentage margin Cox percentage minus Debs percentage.
^Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote; 1896-1932 (second edition); pp. 156-157 Published 1947 by Stanford University Press
^Ford, Edward J.; 'Life on the Campaign Trail: a Political Anthropology of Local Politics' (thesis), published 2008 by University of South Florida, pp. 114-118
^Gregory, Raymond F.; Norman Thomas: The Great Dissenter, pp. 150-151 ISBN0875866239
^Griffin, R. Steven; ‘Workers of the Sunshine State, Unite! The Florida Socialist Party during the Progressive Era, 1900-1920’ (thesis)
^Phillips, Kevin; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 210-211, 261 ISBN9780691163246
^Gifford, Laura Jane; '"Dixie is No Longer in the Bag": South Carolina Republicans and the Election of 1960'; The Journal of Policy History, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2007. pp. 208-233
^"1920 Presidential General Election Results – Florida". U.S. Election Atlas. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
^ abGéoelections; Popular Vote for Eugene Debs (.xlsx file for €15)
^Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote; 1896-1932 (second edition); pp. 156-161 Published 1947 by Stanford University Press
February 15, 2024
1920, united, states, presidential, election, florida, main, article, 1920, united, states, presidential, election, held, november, 1920, voters, chose, representatives, electors, electoral, college, voted, president, vice, president, 1916, november, 1920, 192. Main article 1920 United States presidential election The 1920 United States presidential election in Florida was held on November 2 1920 Voters chose six representatives or electors to the Electoral College who voted for President and Vice President 1920 United States presidential election in Florida 1916 November 2 1920 1924 Nominee James Cox Warren HardingParty Democratic RepublicanHome state Ohio OhioRunning mate Franklin D Roosevelt Calvin CoolidgeElectoral vote 6 0Popular vote 90 515 44 853Percentage 62 13 30 79 County Results Cox 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 Harding 40 50 50 60 President before electionWoodrow WilsonDemocratic Elected President Warren HardingRepublicanEver since the disfranchisement of blacks at the beginning of the 1890s Florida had been a one party state ruled by the Democratic Party The disfranchisement of blacks and poor whites by poll taxes in 1889 1 had left the Republican Party between 1872 and 1888 dependent upon black votes virtually extinct With the single exception of William Howard Taft s win in Calhoun County in 1908 2 the Democratic Party won every county in Florida in every Presidential election from 1892 a until 1916 Only twice and never for more than one term did any Republican serve in either house of the state legislature between 1896 and 1928 Despite this Democratic dominance and the restrictions on the franchise of the poorer classes due to the poll tax significant socialist movements were to develop and persist in Tampa 3 and to a lesser extent over other parts of the state especially against the powerful Ku Klux Klan 4 In 1919 4 800 miners led by the Mineral Workers Union would go on strike for 7 1 2 months in Polk County The reason for the strike were that they wanted an 8 hour work day and a minimum wage of 37 cents Governor Sidney J Catts called on the Florida National Guard and the Polk County Home Guard to end the strike At the end of the strike 5 strikers would die 5 There was also a powerful Prohibitionist movements in older North Florida which saw the Prohibition Party even win the governorship for one term under the notorious anti Catholic minister Sidney J Catts The 1920 election saw Harding make mild inroads into the absolute Democratic dominance of the state s politics largely owing to considerable isolationist sentiment 6 and major economic concerns following the decline of industries related to World War I 7 He carried three counties in the south of the state being only the second Republican to carry a Florida county since black disfranchisement and begun tentative steps towards establishing a white GOP base in what was to become the Sun Belt after the development of air conditioning decades later Eugene Debs who had taken advantage of substantial radicalism in parts of South Florida to run second to Woodrow Wilson in the state in 1912 did not do nearly so well and was only marginally ahead of Prohibition candidate Watkins Contents 1 Results 1 1 Results by county 2 Notes 3 ReferencesResults edit1920 United States presidential election in Florida 8 Party Candidate Running mate Popular vote Electoral voteCount Count Democratic James Cox of Ohio Franklin Delano Roosevelt of New York 90 515 62 13 6 100 00 Republican Warren Harding of Ohio Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts 44 853 30 79 0 0 00 Socialist Eugene Debs of Indiana Seymour Stedman of Illinois 5 189 3 56 0 0 00 Prohibition Aaron Watkins of Ohio David Colvin of New York 5 124 3 52 0 0 00 Total 145 684 100 00 6 100 00 Results by county edit County James Middleton CoxDemocratic Warren Gamaliel Harding b Republican Eugene Victor Debs 9 Socialist Aaron Sherman Watkins 9 Prohibition Margin Total votes cast 10 Alachua 3 310 72 52 1 119 24 52 112 2 45 23 0 50 2 191 48 00 4 564Baker 346 68 11 115 22 64 19 3 74 28 5 51 231 45 47 508Bay 818 54 90 551 36 98 71 4 77 50 3 36 267 17 92 1 490Bradford 1 269 78 82 248 15 40 8 0 50 85 5 28 1 021 63 42 1 610Brevard 894 53 31 659 39 30 63 3 76 61 3 64 235 14 01 1 677Broward 415 41 54 442 44 24 107 10 71 35 3 50 27 2 70 999Calhoun 861 78 42 99 9 02 20 1 82 118 10 75 743 c 67 67 1 098Citrus 651 82 61 94 11 93 25 3 17 18 2 28 557 70 68 788Clay 558 49 69 486 43 28 38 3 38 41 3 65 72 6 41 1 123Columbia 1 248 80 88 162 10 50 68 4 41 65 4 21 1 086 70 38 1 543Dade 4 288 53 08 3 077 38 09 375 4 64 338 4 18 1 211 14 99 8 078De Soto 2 496 64 93 1 077 28 02 197 5 12 74 1 93 1 419 36 91 3 844Duval 13 650 64 21 6 628 31 18 450 2 12 529 2 49 7 022 33 03 21 257Escambia 3 485 65 20 1 227 22 96 205 3 84 428 8 01 2 258 42 24 5 345Flagler 206 55 08 74 19 79 73 19 52 21 5 61 132 35 29 374Franklin 587 62 05 276 29 18 24 2 54 59 6 24 311 32 87 946Gadsden 1 922 96 68 38 1 91 18 0 91 10 0 50 1 884 94 77 1 988Hamilton 706 74 39 151 15 91 15 1 58 77 8 11 555 58 48 949Hernando 622 76 04 132 16 14 29 3 55 35 4 28 490 59 90 818Hillsborough 6 976 56 49 3 772 30 54 968 7 84 633 5 13 3 204 25 95 12 349Holmes 869 54 31 537 33 56 42 2 63 152 9 50 332 20 75 1 600Jackson 2 443 78 70 508 16 37 67 2 16 86 2 77 1 935 62 33 3 104Jefferson 754 72 08 239 22 85 19 1 82 34 3 25 515 49 23 1 046Lafayette 618 86 55 69 9 66 10 1 40 17 2 38 549 76 89 714Lake 1 720 67 72 734 28 90 52 2 05 34 1 34 986 38 82 2 540Lee 938 55 37 626 36 95 54 3 19 76 4 49 312 18 42 1 694Leon 1 412 71 75 452 22 97 58 2 95 46 2 34 960 48 78 1 968Levy 882 69 01 377 29 50 12 0 94 7 0 55 505 39 51 1 278Liberty 416 91 63 5 1 10 18 3 96 15 3 30 416 d 87 67 454Madison 920 93 31 30 3 04 14 1 42 22 2 23 890 90 27 986Manatee 1 790 62 43 884 30 83 70 2 44 123 4 29 906 31 60 2 867Marion 2 436 62 43 1 232 31 57 82 2 10 152 3 90 1 204 30 86 3 902Monroe 979 56 04 510 29 19 149 8 53 109 6 24 469 26 85 1 747Nassau 900 72 12 281 22 52 22 1 76 45 3 61 619 49 60 1 248Okaloosa 568 56 63 411 40 98 20 1 99 4 0 40 157 15 65 1 003Okeechobee 237 65 11 58 15 93 28 7 69 41 11 26 179 49 18 364Orange 2 035 55 48 1 447 39 45 123 3 35 63 1 72 588 16 03 3 668Osceola 728 38 91 1 035 55 32 41 2 19 67 3 58 307 16 41 1 871Palm Beach 1 488 38 29 1 892 48 69 308 7 93 198 5 10 404 10 40 3 886Pasco 1 166 61 89 630 33 44 53 2 81 35 1 86 536 28 45 1 884Pinellas 2 848 48 94 2 529 43 46 202 3 47 240 4 12 319 5 48 5 819Polk 3 918 65 86 1 782 29 95 159 2 67 90 1 51 2 136 35 91 5 949Putnam 1 557 53 41 1 181 40 51 89 3 05 88 3 02 376 12 90 2 915Santa Rosa 813 70 51 333 28 88 2 0 17 5 0 43 480 41 63 1 153Seminole 1 485 62 50 767 32 28 73 3 07 51 2 15 718 30 22 2 376St Johns 1 810 56 30 1 221 37 98 94 2 92 90 2 80 589 18 32 3 215St Lucie 1 167 58 44 707 35 40 64 3 20 59 2 95 460 23 04 1 997Sumter 921 79 74 219 18 96 8 0 69 7 0 61 702 60 78 1 155Suwannee 1 486 72 56 382 18 65 111 5 42 69 3 37 1 104 53 91 2 048Taylor 563 77 98 128 17 73 8 1 11 23 3 19 435 60 25 722Volusia 2 763 52 47 2 175 41 30 126 2 39 202 3 84 588 11 17 5 266Wakulla 530 79 34 119 17 81 3 0 45 16 2 40 411 61 53 668Walton 1 297 64 24 619 30 66 36 1 78 67 3 32 678 33 58 2 019Washington 750 61 98 307 25 37 87 7 19 66 5 45 443 36 61 1 210Totals 90 515 62 13 44 853 30 79 5 189 3 56 5 127 3 52 45 662 31 34 145 684Notes edit In the 1892 Presidential election Republican Benjamin Harrison was not on the ballot and the party backed Populist James B Weaver Early sources also list 10 118 votes for a White Republican ticket but later analysts have shown that this ticket was a fusion ticket with Harding s ordinary Republican ticket In this county where Watkins ran second ahead of Harding margin given is Cox vote minus Watkins vote and percentage margin Cox percentage minus Watkins percentage In this county where Debs ran second ahead of Harding margin given is Cox vote minus Debs vote and percentage margin Cox percentage minus Debs percentage References edit Silbey Joel H and Bogue Allan G The History of American Electoral Behavior p 210 ISBN 140087114X Robinson Edgar Eugene The Presidential Vote 1896 1932 second edition pp 156 157 Published 1947 by Stanford University Press Ford Edward J Life on the Campaign Trail a Political Anthropology of Local Politics thesis published 2008 by University of South Florida pp 114 118 Gregory Raymond F Norman Thomas The Great Dissenter pp 150 151 ISBN 0875866239 Griffin R Steven Workers of the Sunshine State Unite The Florida Socialist Party during the Progressive Era 1900 1920 thesis Phillips Kevin The Emerging Republican Majority pp 210 211 261 ISBN 9780691163246 Gifford Laura Jane Dixie is No Longer in the Bag South Carolina Republicans and the Election of 1960 The Journal of Policy History Vol 19 No 2 2007 pp 208 233 1920 Presidential General Election Results Florida U S Election Atlas Retrieved June 6 2017 a b Geoelections Popular Vote for Eugene Debs xlsx file for 15 Robinson Edgar Eugene The Presidential Vote 1896 1932 second edition pp 156 161 Published 1947 by Stanford University Press Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1920 United States presidential election in Florida amp oldid 1182044502, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
